Analyzing the solutions of DEA through information visualization and data mining techniques: SmartDEA framework

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) has proven to be a useful tool for assessing efficiency or productivity of organizations, which is of vital practical importance in managerial decision making. DEA provides a significant amount of information from which analysts and managers derive insights and guidelines to promote their existing performances. Regarding to this fact, effective and methodologic analysis and interpretation of DEA solutions are very critical. The main objective of this study is then to develop a general decision support system (DSS) framework to analyze the solutions of basic DEA models. The paper formally shows how the solutions of DEA models should be structured so that these solutions can be examined and interpreted by analysts through information visualization and data mining techniques effectively. An innovative and convenient DEA solver, SmartDEA, is designed and developed in accordance with the proposed analysis framework. The developed software provides a DEA solution which is consistent with the framework and is ready-to-analyze with data mining tools, through a table-based structure. The developed framework is tested and applied in a real world project for benchmarking the vendors of a leading Turkish automotive company. The results show the effectiveness and the efficacy of the proposed framework

Eco Global Evaluation: Cross Benefits of Economic and Ecological Evaluation

This paper highlights the complementarities of cost and environmental evaluation in a sustainable approach. Starting with the needs and limits for whole product lifecycle evaluation, this paper begins with the modeling, data capture and performance indicator aspects. In a second step, the information issue, regarding the whole lifecycle of the product is addressed. In order to go further than the economical evaluations/assessment, the value concept (for a product or a service) is discussed. Value could combine functional requirements, cost objectives and environmental impact. Finally, knowledge issues which address the complexity of integrating multi-disciplinary expertise to the whole lifecycle of a product are discussing.EcoSD NetworkEcoSD networ

Report of the workshop on Aviation Safety/Automation Program

As part of NASA's responsibility to encourage and facilitate active exchange of information and ideas among members of the aviation community, an Aviation Safety/Automation workshop was organized and sponsored by the Flight Management Division of NASA Langley Research Center. The one-day workshop was held on October 10, 1989, at the Sheraton Beach Inn and Conference Center in Virginia Beach, Virginia. Participants were invited from industry, government, and universities to discuss critical questions and issues concerning the rapid introduction and utilization of advanced computer-based technology into the flight deck and air traffic controller workstation environments. The workshop was attended by approximately 30 discipline experts, automation and human factors researchers, and research and development managers. The goal of the workshop was to address major issues identified by the NASA Aviation Safety/Automation Program. Here, the results of the workshop are documented. The ideas, thoughts, and concepts were developed by the workshop participants. The findings, however, have been synthesized into a final report primarily by the NASA researchers

CONTREX: Design of embedded mixed-criticality CONTRol systems under consideration of EXtra-functional properties

The increasing processing power of today’s HW/SW platforms leads to the integration of more and more functions in a single device. Additional design challenges arise when these functions share computing resources and belong to different criticality levels. The paper presents the CONTREX European project and its preliminary results. CONTREX complements current activities in the area of predictable computing platforms and segregation mechanisms with techniques to consider the extra-functional properties, i.e., timing constraints, power, and temperature. CONTREX enables energy efficient and cost aware design through analysis and optimization of these properties with regard to application demands at different criticality levels

New approaches for automated vehicles certification: Part I - Current and upcoming methods for safety assessment

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) technology is still under development and appropriate legislative safeguards must be established to regulate the placing on the market of such vehicles and ensuring proper road-users safety. Given the pace of technological development in that field, a very fast response is needed to ensure that automated vehicles are safe and that this safety is properly assessed/demonstrated by manufacturers or/and public authorities. Many different approaches for assessing the safety of AVs are being considered in the European Union and worldwide by governments, industry and other stakeholders. The present report summarises the outcomes of a literature review and analysis of different approaches considered for AVs safety assessment that were discussed during the 1st Technical Workshop on New Approaches for Automated Vehicle Certification, co-chaired by the European Commission’s Joint Research Centre (JRC) and Directorate-General for Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs (DG GROW) on November 22nd 2018 in Brussels. The workshop gathered together a group of experts on AV active safety verification, to discuss the state of play in the field, which are the different merits/limits of the different methodologies and the way forward. Preliminary analysis and considerations suggested the complementarity of the considered approaches, both in terms of readiness and perspective. Further research and stakeholders’ collaboration will be needed to elaborate on a possible harmonised approach.JRC.C.4-Sustainable Transpor

Defining Archetypes of E-Collaboration for Product Development in The Automotive Industry

The automotive industry represents one of the most relevant industrial sectors of the global economy. In response to a plethora of challenges, e-collaboration for product development has become a nexus of competitive advantage in the automotive world. Since new dynamics in organizational forms on the one hand and advancements in engineering information systems on the other hand have led to increased complexity, a classification model to organize and structure the manifold manifestations seems analytically useful. Hence, the paper at hand (1) proposes, (2) describes, and (3) validates archetypes of e-collaboration for product development in the automotive industry. Anchored in (1) a structured literature review and (2) rich empirical evidence from a multiple-case study in the automotive ecosystem, we organize our research study along a well-established, two-stage research method on archetypes adopting a socio-technical systems perspective. Key findings include the archetypes (1) mechanical development-dominant, (2) software development-dominant, (3) systems engineering-oriented, and (4) non-development-focused e-collaborations for product development as basic patterns. Thereby, “importance of mechanical development” and “importance of software development” act as essential classification dimensions. Keeping the inherent limitations of the qualitative research tradition in mind, this paper offers theoretical, methodological, managerial, and cross-disciplinary contributions

The coordination issues of relocations: How proximity still matters in location of software development activities\r\n

The objective of this article is to investigate the dynamics of relocations at the micro-economic level. By proposing a grid of “dynamics of proximities”, we focus on the coordination issues which seem to be missing from most of analyses carried about relocations. We apply our framework to software development activities. The proposition we develop in this paper is the following: mobility, ICT use and modularity reduce the need for geographical proximity and favour relocations but, in order to succeed, relocations need to have the support of organisational and institutional proximities to ensure effective coordination between entities and individuals.relocation, software development, dynamics of proximity, coordination.

Quantitative modelling approaches for lean manufacturing under uncertainty

[EN] Lean manufacturing (LM) applies different tools that help to eliminate waste as well as the opera-tions that do not add value to the product or processes to increase the value of each performedactivity. Here the main motivation is to study how quantitative modelling approaches can supportLM tools even under system and environment uncertainties. The main contributions of the articleare: (i) providing a systematic literature review of 99 works related to the modelling of uncertaintyin LM environments; (ii) proposing a methodology to classify the reviewed works; (iii) classifyingLM works under uncertainty; and (iv) identify quantitative models and their solution to deal withuncertainty in LM environments by identifying the main variables involved. Hence this article pro-vides a conceptual framework for future LM quantitative modelling under uncertainty as a guide foracademics, researchers and industrial practitioners. The main findings identify that LM under uncer-tainty has been empirically investigated mainly in the US, India and the UK in the automotive andaerospace manufacturing sectors using analytical and simulation models to minimise time and cost.Value stream mapping (VSM) and just in time (JIT) are the most used LM techniques to reduce wastein a context of system uncertainty.The research leading to these results received funding fromthe project 'Industrial Production and Logistics Optimizationin Industry 4.0' (i4OPT) (Ref. PROMETEO/2021/065) granted by the Valencian Regional Government; and grant PDC2022-133957-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI /10.13039/501100011033 and by European Union Next Generation EU/PRTR.Rojas, T.; Mula, J.; Sanchis, R. (2023). Quantitative modelling approaches for lean manufacturing under uncertainty. International Journal of Production Research. 1-27. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2023.229313812