Experimental methodology for non-thermal effects of electromagnetic radiation on biologics

Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (p. 133-137).Appropriate equipment is needed for research on the effects of radio-frequency radiation from radio-frequency identification (RF-ID) systems on biological materials. In the present study, a complete test system comprising assembled hardware and custom-built software was developed for a research project investigating whether RFID radiation produces significant effects in biologics. Furthermore, we document a method for determining specific absorption rate (S.A.R.) using vials containing 1.5 cc of saline to represent biological samples. This methodology yielded S.A.R. values of approximately 30 W kg-1(-9 dBm) and 150 W kg-1(-6.5 dBm) for 915 MHz and 320 W kg-1 (-9 dBm) and 450 W kg-1 (-6.5 dBm) for 2.45 GHz. Finally, the key system components - the transverse electromagnetic (TEM) cell, vial and saline solution -- were modelled using CST Microwave Studio®. Through modelling, we obtained values for the absorption as a percentage of the incident power - 0.2% for 915 MHz and 7.32% for 2.45 GHz. These values approximately matched those calculated - 0.36% for 915 MHz and 5.0% for 2.45 GHz. Errors in the calculated absorption were due primarily to the precision of the power meters relative to the power levels being detected, and indicate that further study may be required.by Felicia C.A.I. Cox.M.Eng

Elements of Ion Linear Accelerators, Calm in The Resonances, Other_Tales

The main part of this book, Elements of Linear Accelerators, outlines in Part 1 a framework for non-relativistic linear accelerator focusing and accelerating channel design, simulation, optimization and analysis where space charge is an important factor. Part 1 is the most important part of the book; grasping the framework is essential to fully understand and appreciate the elements within it, and the myriad application details of the following Parts. The treatment concentrates on all linacs, large or small, intended for high-intensity, very low beam loss, factory-type application. The Radio-Frequency-Quadrupole (RFQ) is especially developed as a representative and the most complicated linac form (from dc to bunched and accelerated beam), extending to practical design of long, high energy linacs, including space charge resonances and beam halo formation, and some challenges for future work. Also a practical method is presented for designing Alternating-Phase- Focused (APF) linacs with long sequences and high energy gain. Full open-source software is available. The following part, Calm in the Resonances and Other Tales, contains eyewitness accounts of nearly 60 years of participation in accelerator technology. (September 2023) The LINACS codes are released at no cost and, as always,with fully open-source coding. (p.2 & Ch 19.10)Comment: 652 pages. Some hundreds of figures - all images, there is no data in the figures. (September 2023) The LINACS codes are released at no cost and, as always,with fully open-source coding. (p.2 & Ch 19.10

Interactive pace approach to learning in physics : method and materials

This study has the following general objectives: first, to present in detail the techniques that the author has developed and used in designed the course and the final materials produced for am introductory physics course in Mechanics; second, to state and examine the important blended ingredients used to get a new strategy for teaching-learning in which and individualized pace together with a group interaction is used; third, to analyze a combination of structural and operational course where concept, structure formation, and problem solving are emphasized

Dynamic analysis of anthropomorphic manipulators in computer animation

The thesis examines the motion control and motion coordination of articulated bodies, in particular human models, through the use of dynamic analysis. The work concentrates particularly on the use of dynamic analysis as a tool for creating an animated walking sequence. The aim is to relieve the animator of the tedious specification of unknown parameters of motion control, and instead, to investigate the possibility of shifting this specification and much of the work to the animation software. Using this idea. a higher level of control could be used to coordinate the movement. This has been examined through the use of a Hybrid Inverse and Direct Dynamics System, HIDDS, based on Featherstone's formulation. The inverse system is used to get an initial estimate of the values of the forces and torques needed to move the model to the required position. Once the values of these forces/torques are determined. a direct dynamics system is called to compute the accelerations produced from the influence of the input forces/torques. Double integration over time then gives the new positions. Applications of the hybrid technique can create animation sequences through the use of the graphics editor AnthroPI (Anthropomorphic Programming Interface) especially created for the implementation of the desired results. The problem of ground reaction forces has also been studied and formulated. An algorithm proposed by Kearney for a one-legged hopping machine was extended to the two-legged anthropomorphic model by the introduction of the virtual-leg concept. The dynamics approach showed promise in creating motion sequences which are both natural and realistic and HIDDS proved to be a useful experimental tool on which further research can be based. At its early stage. it provides a middle-level of control. which we believe has the potential to be upgraded to a higher level

EQUS - helping to see formulae

Visualisation is often presented as a means of simplifying information and helping people understand complex data. In this paper we describe the design development and evaluation of an interactive visualisation for spreadsheet formula (EQUS). The work is justified on the grounds that these are widely used tools for significant numerical processing and modelling, yet the formula developed can be easily misunderstood. The development process was one of iterative refinement engaging an initial target audience of mid-teen learners, involving re-design and formative evaluation. The resulting visualisation techniques have been found to be broadly relevant to spreadsheet users beyond the initial target audience. EQUS has since been developed as fully integrated plug-in for MS Excel

System modelling and control

Not Availabl

Understanding Quantum Technologies 2022

Understanding Quantum Technologies 2022 is a creative-commons ebook that provides a unique 360 degrees overview of quantum technologies from science and technology to geopolitical and societal issues. It covers quantum physics history, quantum physics 101, gate-based quantum computing, quantum computing engineering (including quantum error corrections and quantum computing energetics), quantum computing hardware (all qubit types, including quantum annealing and quantum simulation paradigms, history, science, research, implementation and vendors), quantum enabling technologies (cryogenics, control electronics, photonics, components fabs, raw materials), quantum computing algorithms, software development tools and use cases, unconventional computing (potential alternatives to quantum and classical computing), quantum telecommunications and cryptography, quantum sensing, quantum technologies around the world, quantum technologies societal impact and even quantum fake sciences. The main audience are computer science engineers, developers and IT specialists as well as quantum scientists and students who want to acquire a global view of how quantum technologies work, and particularly quantum computing. This version is an extensive update to the 2021 edition published in October 2021.Comment: 1132 pages, 920 figures, Letter forma