110,692 research outputs found
Big Data, Small Credit: The Digital Revolution and Its Impact on Emerging Market Consumers
This research report sheds light on a new cadre of technology companies who are disrupting the credit scoring business in emerging markets. Using non-financial data -- such as social media activity and mobile phone usage patterns -- complex algorithms and big data analytics are forever changing the economics of how we identify, score, and underwrite credit to consumers who have been invisible to lenders until now
An improved negative selection algorithm based on the hybridization of cuckoo search and differential evolution for anomaly detection
The biological immune system (BIS) is characterized by networks of cells, tissues, and
organs communicating and working in synchronization. It also has the ability to learn,
recognize, and remember, thus providing the solid foundation for the development
of Artificial Immune System (AIS). Since the emergence of AIS, it has proved itself
as an area of computational intelligence. Real-Valued Negative Selection Algorithm
with Variable-Sized Detectors (V-Detectors) is an offspring of AIS and demonstrated
its potentials in the field of anomaly detection. The V-Detectors algorithm depends
greatly on the random detectors generated in monitoring the status of a system.
These randomly generated detectors suffer from not been able to adequately cover
the non-self space, which diminishes the detection performance of the V-Detectors
algorithm. This research therefore proposed CSDE-V-Detectors which entail the
use of the hybridization of Cuckoo Search (CS) and Differential Evolution (DE) in
optimizing the random detectors of the V-Detectors. The DE is integrated with CS
at the population initialization by distributing the population linearly. This linear
distribution gives the population a unique, stable, and progressive distribution process.
Thus, each individual detector is characteristically different from the other detectors.
CSDE capabilities of global search, and use of LÂŽevy flight facilitates the effectiveness
of the detector set in the search space. In comparison with V-Detectors, cuckoo search,
differential evolution, support vector machine, artificial neural network, našıve bayes,
and k-NN, experimental results demonstrates that CSDE-V-Detectors outperforms
other algorithms with an average detection rate of 95:30% on all the datasets. This
signifies that CSDE-V-Detectors can efficiently attain highest detection rates and
lowest false alarm rates for anomaly detection. Thus, the optimization of the randomly
detectors of V-Detectors algorithm with CSDE is proficient and suitable for anomaly
detection tasks
The Transformation of Trust in Chinaâs Alternative Food Networks: Disruption, Reconstruction, and Development
Food safety issues in China have received much scholarly attention, yet few studies systematically examined this matter through the lens of trust. More importantly, little is known about the transformation of different types of trust in the dynamic process of food production, provision, and consumption. We consider trust as an evolving interdependent relationship between different actors. We used the Beijing County Fair, a prominent ecological farmersâ market in China, as an example to examine the transformation of trust in Chinaâs alternative food networks. We argue that although there has been a disruption of institutional trust among the general public since 2008 when the melamine-tainted milk scandal broke out, reconstruction of individual trust and development of organizational trust have been observed, along with the emergence and increasing popularity of alternative food networks. Based on more than six months of fieldwork on the emerging ecological agriculture sector in 13 provinces across China as well as monitoring of online discussions and posts, we analyze how various social factorsâincluding but not limited to direct and indirect reciprocity, information, endogenous institutions, and altruismâhave simultaneously contributed to the transformation of trust in Chinaâs alternative food networks. The findings not only complement current social theories of trust, but also highlight an important yet understudied phenomenon whereby informal social mechanisms have been partially substituting for formal institutions and gradually have been building trust against the backdrop of the food safety crisis in China
Trust-based quality culture conceptual model for higher education institutions
Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) play a crucial role in societies as they enhance the sustainable development of nations. In a context of increasing competition and financial difficulties in higher education institutions, the loyalty of students, faculty and administration staff as well as institutional reputation are key factors for survival and success. They are built upon trust and high quality of services rendered by HEIs. The intentional development of trust serves the purpose of enhancing the quality culture in higher education. The concept of quality culture has become a natural successor of quality management and quality assurance in universities presenting a new perspective for viewing quality at HEIs - as a combination of structural and managerial with cultural and psychological components. This paper provides an elaboration of a novel Trust-Based Quality Culture Conceptual Model for Higher Education Institutions which presents the perceived interconnections between trust and quality culture at HEIs. It can form a source for an inquiry process at HEIs, thus contributing to better contextual diagnosis of the stage where HEI is in the process of building the quality culture based on trust. The findings of this study are important in better understanding the quality culture development in HEIs that is based on trust, loyalty and reputation. It may have an impact on the decision-making processes concerning HEIsâ management. The proposed model contributes to the need for greater clarity, ordering and systematization of the role of trust in the processes of quality culture development
Marketing competition on a new product introduction - a structural analysis using systems thinking
Launching a new product on the market is a strategic activity that needs specific investments and a specific organisation. There are multiple factors that determine the success of a new product on the market but their direct effects are not often very well observable (marketing for example). With this study, we analysed the systemic structure underlying the dynamics related to the introduction of a new product on the market. In particular, we built a qualitative model based on the systems thinking methodology of causal-loop diagrams (CLDs), starting from the main structure and assumptions of the well-known Bass model. The model provides a systemic perspective on the interdependencies among various aspects that interact in important organisational areas. The presented causal-loop diagram tries to describe the systems structure which is intrinsic to the introduction and diffusion of a new product on the market, and how ultimately the related dynamics could be manage
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The relationship between ecrm implementation and eloyalty at different adoption stages of transaction cycle: A conceptual framework and hypothesis
The purpose of this paper is to propose a model for the relationship between eCRM and E-loyalty by
conceptualizing that e-loyalty is influenced by e-satisfaction, e-trust, and multi-dimensional aspects of
eCRM. In order to capture the full picture for this relationship, we attempt to cover the complete
purchase experience by focusing on transaction cycle (Pre-Purchase, A-Purchase, and Post-
Purchase).different Components of eCRM have differing effects on e-loyalty. This study strengthens
the literature by adding different components of eCRM as a possible critical antecedent in the model
of e-loyalty development and attempts to build a stronger holistic model by including eCRM features
System Dynamics in Food Quality Certifications: Development of an Audit Integrity System
Due to the complex structure of certification schemes the risk of flaws and scandals is generally high. It has further increased by several developments during the last years. With regard to their potential effects, it is questionable whether the certification approaches are actually able to detect deficiencies within the system and thus prevent crises which may lead to its breakdown. Hence, the ability of a standard to meet its objectives of food quality and safety needs to be enforced. In this contribution we launch the implementation of a controlling tool which automatically monitors audit quality based on information of the respective data bases. By analysing possible negative influences, opportunistic behaviour can thus be detected.certification, quality assurance systems, risk oriented auditing approach, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Food Security and Poverty,
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