6,450 research outputs found
Dynamical Systems to Account for Turn-Taking in Spoken Interactions
International audienceTurn management is considered as essential for an Embodied Conversational Agent (ECA) to increase userâs engagement. This article presents a dynamical model for turn management in dyadic interactions. The model is a system of differential equations that mixes two models from the cognitive sciences, the Drift Diffusion Model, and the Behavioral Dynamics. Decision-making and the control of actions are two coupled processes that modulate continuously the behavior of the interacting agent. This conceptual model accounts for the emer- gence of smooth transitions without using neither prediction nor planning of the agentâs behavior. The objective was not to obtain a fully realistic behavior, but to show how the model could account for the main qualitative properties of turn management, such as interrupting the current speaker, signaling its willingness to go on speaking, or yielding the turn to the next speaker
Modeling two-language competition dynamics
During the last decade, much attention has been paid to language competition
in the complex systems community, that is, how the fractions of speakers of
several competing languages evolve in time. In this paper we review recent
advances in this direction and focus on three aspects. First we consider the
shift from two-state models to three state models that include the possibility
of bilingual individuals. The understanding of the role played by bilingualism
is essential in sociolinguistics. In particular, the question addressed is
whether bilingualism facilitates the coexistence of languages. Second, we will
analyze the effect of social interaction networks and physical barriers.
Finally, we will show how to analyze the issue of bilingualism from a game
theoretical perspective.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figures; published in the Special Issue of Advances in
Complex Systems "Language Dynamics
Enkinaesthetic polyphony: the underpinning for first-order languaging
We contest two claims: (1) that language, understood as the processing of abstract symbolic forms, is an instrument of cognition and rational thought, and (2) that conventional notions of turn-taking, exchange structure, and move analysis, are satisfactory as a basis for theorizing communication between living, feeling agents. We offer an enkinaesthetic theory describing the reciprocal affective neuro-muscular dynamical flows and tensions of co- agential dialogical sense-making relations. This âenkinaesthetic dialogueâ is characterised by a preconceptual experientially recursive temporal dynamics forming the deep extended melodies of relationships in time. An understanding of how those relationships work, when we understand and are ourselves understood, when communication falters and conflict arises, will depend on a grasp of our enkinaesthetic intersubjectivity
Timescales of Massive Human Entrainment
The past two decades have seen an upsurge of interest in the collective
behaviors of complex systems composed of many agents entrained to each other
and to external events. In this paper, we extend concepts of entrainment to the
dynamics of human collective attention. We conducted a detailed investigation
of the unfolding of human entrainment - as expressed by the content and
patterns of hundreds of thousands of messages on Twitter - during the 2012 US
presidential debates. By time locking these data sources, we quantify the
impact of the unfolding debate on human attention. We show that collective
social behavior covaries second-by-second to the interactional dynamics of the
debates: A candidate speaking induces rapid increases in mentions of his name
on social media and decreases in mentions of the other candidate. Moreover,
interruptions by an interlocutor increase the attention received. We also
highlight a distinct time scale for the impact of salient moments in the
debate: Mentions in social media start within 5-10 seconds after the moment;
peak at approximately one minute; and slowly decay in a consistent fashion
across well-known events during the debates. Finally, we show that public
attention after an initial burst slowly decays through the course of the
debates. Thus we demonstrate that large-scale human entrainment may hold across
a number of distinct scales, in an exquisitely time-locked fashion. The methods
and results pave the way for careful study of the dynamics and mechanisms of
large-scale human entrainment.Comment: 20 pages, 7 figures, 6 tables, 4 supplementary figures. 2nd version
revised according to peer reviewers' comments: more detailed explanation of
the methods, and grounding of the hypothese
Interaction and Experience in Enactive Intelligence and Humanoid Robotics
We overview how sensorimotor experience can be operationalized for interaction scenarios in which humanoid robots acquire skills and linguistic behaviours via enacting a âform-of-lifeââ in interaction games (following Wittgenstein) with humans. The enactive paradigm is introduced which provides a powerful framework for the construction of complex adaptive systems, based on interaction, habit, and experience. Enactive cognitive architectures (following insights of Varela, Thompson and Rosch) that we have developed support social learning and robot ontogeny by harnessing information-theoretic methods and raw uninterpreted sensorimotor experience to scaffold the acquisition of behaviours. The success criterion here is validation by the robot engaging in ongoing human-robot interaction with naive participants who, over the course of iterated interactions, shape the robotâs behavioural and linguistic development. Engagement in such interaction exhibiting aspects of purposeful, habitual recurring structure evidences the developed capability of the humanoid to enact language and interaction games as a successful participant
Coupled dynamics of node and link states in complex networks: A model for language competition
Inspired by language competition processes, we present a model of coupled
evolution of node and link states. In particular, we focus on the interplay
between the use of a language and the preference or attitude of the speakers
towards it, which we model, respectively, as a property of the interactions
between speakers (a link state) and as a property of the speakers themselves (a
node state). Furthermore, we restrict our attention to the case of two socially
equivalent languages and to socially inspired network topologies based on a
mechanism of triadic closure. As opposed to most of the previous literature,
where language extinction is an inevitable outcome of the dynamics, we find a
broad range of possible asymptotic configurations, which we classify as: frozen
extinction states, frozen coexistence states, and dynamically trapped
coexistence states. Moreover, metastable coexistence states with very long
survival times and displaying a non-trivial dynamics are found to be abundant.
Interestingly, a system size scaling analysis shows, on the one hand, that the
probability of language extinction vanishes exponentially for increasing system
sizes and, on the other hand, that the time scale of survival of the
non-trivial dynamical metastable states increases linearly with the size of the
system. Thus, non-trivial dynamical coexistence is the only possible outcome
for large enough systems. Finally, we show how this coexistence is
characterized by one of the languages becoming clearly predominant while the
other one becomes increasingly confined to "ghetto-like" structures: small
groups of bilingual speakers arranged in triangles, with a strong preference
for the minority language, and using it for their intra-group interactions
while they switch to the predominant language for communications with the rest
of the population.Comment: 21 pages, 15 figure
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