2,685 research outputs found
Multi-view shaker detection: Insights from a noise-immune influence analysis Perspective
Entities whose changes will significantly affect others in a networked system
are called shakers. In recent years, some models have been proposed to detect
such shaker from evolving entities. However, limited work has focused on shaker
detection in very short term, which has many real-world applications. For
example, in financial market, it can enable both investors and governors to
quickly respond to rapid changes. Under the short-term setting, conventional
methods may suffer from limited data sample problems and are sensitive to
cynical manipulations, leading to unreliable results. Fortunately, there are
multi-attribute evolution records available, which can provide compatible and
complementary information. In this paper, we investigate how to learn reliable
influence results from the short-term multi-attribute evolution records. We
call entities with consistent influence among different views in short term as
multi-view shakers and study the new problem of multi-view shaker detection. We
identify the challenges as follows: (1) how to jointly detect short-term
shakers and model conflicting influence results among different views? (2) how
to filter spurious influence relation in each individual view for robust
influence inference? In response, a novel solution, called Robust Influence
Network from a noise-immune influence analysis perspective is proposed, where
the possible outliers are well modelled jointly with multi-view shaker
detection task. More specifically, we learn the influence relation from each
view and transform influence relation from different views into an intermediate
representation. In the meantime, we uncover both the inconsistent and spurious
outliers.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figure
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Prototyping a Context-Aware Framework for Pervasive Entertainment Applications
Discovering Organizational Correlations from Twitter
Organizational relationships are usually very complex in real life. It is
difficult or impossible to directly measure such correlations among different
organizations, because important information is usually not publicly available
(e.g., the correlations of terrorist organizations). Nowadays, an increasing
amount of organizational information can be posted online by individuals and
spread instantly through Twitter. Such information can be crucial for detecting
organizational correlations. In this paper, we study the problem of discovering
correlations among organizations from Twitter. Mining organizational
correlations is a very challenging task due to the following reasons: a) Data
in Twitter occurs as large volumes of mixed information. The most relevant
information about organizations is often buried. Thus, the organizational
correlations can be scattered in multiple places, represented by different
forms; b) Making use of information from Twitter collectively and judiciously
is difficult because of the multiple representations of organizational
correlations that are extracted. In order to address these issues, we propose
multi-CG (multiple Correlation Graphs based model), an unsupervised framework
that can learn a consensus of correlations among organizations based on
multiple representations extracted from Twitter, which is more accurate and
robust than correlations based on a single representation. Empirical study
shows that the consensus graph extracted from Twitter can capture the
organizational correlations effectively.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure
Player Modeling
Player modeling is the study of computational models of players in games. This includes the detection, modeling, prediction and expression of human player characteristics which are manifested
through cognitive, affective and behavioral patterns. This chapter introduces a holistic view of player modeling and provides a high level taxonomy and discussion of the key components of a player\u27s model. The discussion focuses on a taxonomy of approaches for constructing a player model, the available types of data for the model\u27s input and a proposed classification for the model\u27s output. The chapter provides also a brief overview of some promising applications and a discussion of the key challenges player modeling is currently facing which are linked to the input, the output and the computational model
Artificial table testing dynamically adaptive systems
Dynamically Adaptive Systems (DAS) are systems that modify their behavior and
structure in response to changes in their surrounding environment. Critical
mission systems increasingly incorporate adaptation and response to the
environment; examples include disaster relief and space exploration systems.
These systems can be decomposed in two parts: the adaptation policy that
specifies how the system must react according to the environmental changes and
the set of possible variants to reconfigure the system. A major challenge for
testing these systems is the combinatorial explosions of variants and
envi-ronment conditions to which the system must react. In this paper we focus
on testing the adaption policy and propose a strategy for the selection of
envi-ronmental variations that can reveal faults in the policy. Artificial
Shaking Table Testing (ASTT) is a strategy inspired by shaking table testing
(STT), a technique widely used in civil engineering to evaluate building's
structural re-sistance to seismic events. ASTT makes use of artificial
earthquakes that simu-late violent changes in the environmental conditions and
stresses the system adaptation capability. We model the generation of
artificial earthquakes as a search problem in which the goal is to optimize
different types of envi-ronmental variations
Extracellular ionic fluxes suggest the basis for cellular life at the 1/f ridge of extended criticality
The criticality hypothesis states that a system may be poised in a critical state at the boundary between different types of
dynamics. Previous studies have suggested that criticality has been evolutionarily selected, and examples have been found
in cortical cell cultures and in the human nervous system. However, no one has yet reported a single- or multi-cell ensemble
that was investigated ex vivo and found to be in the critical state. Here, the precise 1/f noise was found for pollen tube cells
of optimum growth and for the physiological (“healthy”) state of blood cells. We show that the multi-scale processes that
arise from the so-called critical phenomena can be a fundamental property of a living cell. Our results reveal that cell life
is conducted at the border between order and disorder, and that the dynamics themselves drive a system towards a critical
state. Moreover, a temperature-driven re-entrant state transition, manifest in the form of a Lorentz resonance, was found in
the fluctuation amplitude of the extracellular ionic fluxes for the ensemble of elongating pollen tubes of Nicotiana tabacum
L. or Hyacintus orientalis L. Since this system is fine-tuned for rapid expansion to reach the ovule at a critical temperature
which results in fertilisation, the core nature of criticality (long-range coherence) offers an explanation for its potential in
cell growth. We suggest that the autonomous organisation of expansive growth is accomplished by self-organised criticality,
which is an orchestrated instability that occurs in an evolving cell
Deep learning for video game playing
In this article, we review recent Deep Learning advances in the context of
how they have been applied to play different types of video games such as
first-person shooters, arcade games, and real-time strategy games. We analyze
the unique requirements that different game genres pose to a deep learning
system and highlight important open challenges in the context of applying these
machine learning methods to video games, such as general game playing, dealing
with extremely large decision spaces and sparse rewards
Synthesis of Nonspherical Microcapsules through Controlled Polyelectrolyte Coating of Hydrogel Templates
We report a simple approach to fabricate custom-shape microcapsules using hydrogel templates synthesized by stop flow lithography. Cargo-containing microcapsules were made by coating hydrogel particles with a single layer of poly-l-lysine followed by a one-step core degradation and capsule cross-linking procedure. We determined appropriate coating conditions by investigating the effect of pH, ionic strength, and prepolymer composition on the diffusion of polyelectrolytes into the oppositely charged hydrogel template. We also characterized the degradation of the templating core by tracking the diffusivity of nanoparticles embedded within the hydrogel. Unlike any other technique, this approach allows for easy fabrication of microcapsules with internal features (e.g., toroids) and selective surface modification of Janus particles using any polyelectrolyte. These soft, flexible capsules may be useful for therapeutic applications as well as fundamental studies of membrane mechanics.United States. Army Research Office (Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies. Grant W911NF-09-0001)National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grants CMMI-1120724 and DMR-1006147
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