The physics of wind-blown sand and dust

The transport of sand and dust by wind is a potent erosional force, creates sand dunes and ripples, and loads the atmosphere with suspended dust aerosols. This article presents an extensive review of the physics of wind-blown sand and dust on Earth and Mars. Specifically, we review the physics of aeolian saltation, the formation and development of sand dunes and ripples, the physics of dust aerosol emission, the weather phenomena that trigger dust storms, and the lifting of dust by dust devils and other small-scale vortices. We also discuss the physics of wind-blown sand and dune formation on Venus and Titan.Comment: 72 journal pagers, 49 figure

INVESTIGATION OF THE STABILITY OF LIQUID AND AIR FILMS BY SYNCHRONIZED TRI-WAVELENGTH REFLECTION INTERFEROMETRY MICROSCOPE

Liquid films are widely involved in many processes, such as froth flotation, oil extraction, foam/bubble stabilization, etc. In the meantime, air films are commonly seen in diverse fields like dust control, ink print, coating industry, and so on. Stabilities of these liquid/air films are of great importance to improve the processes. As more and more researchers are paying increasing attention to liquid/air films, tremendous efforts have been made to explore the properties of the films. On the one hand, some theoretical models have also been well developed in recent decades. State-of-the-art technologies, such as AFM, SFA, and RICM, have also been employed to visualize the films in either a direct or indirect manner. However, due to the limitations of the techniques, it is still challenging to fully uncover the mechanisms of the film stabilities. A new and powerful methodology to characterize the film properties has been a top priority. In this work, a novel technique, namely Synchronized Tri-wavelength Reflection Interferometry Microscope (STRIM), was developed in our lab. It allows the accurate measurement of a separation distance within a range of few nanometers to micrometers. Based on the previous RICM, STRIM employs two additional light sources and achieves the determination of the absolute distance. The accuracy of the film thickness measurements was found to be within 1 nm over a range of 0-200 nm and within 3 nm over the range of 200–1000 nm. By recording the thinning process of films, STRIM is able to reconstruct the spatiotemporal profiles, which contain massive information. First, the conditions under which the films are stable or unstable are the urges to figure out for industrial applications. Besides, the films\u27 stabilities are closely related to the interfacial properties, and thus they can be alternative indicators of some essential properties, such as hydrophobicity. Additionally, the interactions and surface forces across the films between involved surfaces can be calculated by the dynamic film thinning kinetics, unraveling the underlying mechanisms for the processes of interest. Furthermore, other approaches, including AFM, contact angle measurement, and flotation, are also referred to in this work and confirm the drawn conclusions. The STRIM can investigate both the liquid and air films with the flexibility of controlling the involved objects like the surfaces with adjustable hydrophobicity and media with designed properties. This newly-developed equipment has the potential to be extensively used within the colloid and interfacial science and engineering areas

What is Left

The purpose of this project was to create a collection of poetry that examines the self as a muted element in foreign environments. When placed in a foreign culture, our roles as observers are enhanced due to our limited inclusion within the perceptual frame of references of the cultures and people we observe. Ultimately, the foreigner becomes a parallel sub-system of the dominant foreign culture until such time that he or she makes a direct intrusion into that culture. This level of mutability allows the observer access to cultural elements and interactions inaccessible from within the cultural identity. The principle extends well beyond the role of observers in foreign environments. Observers are also placed into alienated relationships with the immediate environment. Despite the ability of medical and celestial sciences to observe the worlds within and beyond our immediate sphere of experience, human beings rarely interact with the cellular and celestial levels of reality on a sensory level. Furthermore, the poet is perpetually muted from the inner workings of the subjective self. Our imaginations create worlds that enter the neural programming of our brains and exist in parallel as junction points in the constantly changing electro-chemical map of our cognition. Drawing from experiences in international travel, alienating silence, childhood fears, and the relationships of people with the galaxy and cellular functions, this poetry attempts to illustrate the connections between the self and the universe beyond human experience using the poetry of Jack Gilbert, Ruth Stone, Stan Rice, James Wright, and Yusef Komunyakaa as models

A typology of the traditional games of Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples

This publication is designed to outline information on traditional games and details relevant to A Typology of the Traditional Games of Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples. The typology has been developed as a result of an extensive review of information on traditional games which has been researched over many years. The use of a typology provides a convenient way of classifying and organising the body of knowledge about the traditional games in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultures. It also allows for a greater understanding of the similarities and differences between different types of traditional games and provides the opportunity to identify their integration within culture as well as with other cultural aspects

Sleeping beaus: How toxic masculinity is poisoning America's men

Catcalls, rapists, dick jokes, and risky business are only a handful of symptoms of the current worldwide viral epidemic dubbed “toxic masculinity.” Focusing on hegemonic masculinity’s proposed birthplace, America, this project recounts the hierarchical masculine system’s development and the culmination of its most harmful performative behaviors and widespread dogmas into what we now call “toxic masculinity.” What follows is an exposé of the societal perpetuators which groom young boys throughout their lifetime, and an evaluation of toxic masculinity’s irreparable mental and physical damages. The project’s research portion concludes by addressing the small steps taken thus far to promote healthy masculinity; it proposes further necessary changes on both the individual and societal planes, and presents the ideal alternative to toxic masculinity—mindful masculinity. The project then transitions to a creative retelling of Stephen and Owen Kings’ novel, Sleeping Beauties, wherein the world’s women contract a sleeping sickness and struggle to rebuild society in an alternate realm void of any men, who are left in chaos on Earth’s surface. The included rewrite, Sleeping Beaus, tells the struggle of the world’s men, who, after falling asleep, fail to rebuild civilization until they shed toxic masculinity’s vices.Honors CollegeThesis (B.?

The Penobskan Porcupine Panic

This creative writing thesis takes its origins from a ten-page story written for a fiction class in the spring of 2015 and inspired by the song Penobska Oakwalk from the band Quilt

The Penobskan Porcupine Panic

This creative writing thesis takes its origins from a ten-page story written for a fiction class in the spring of 2015 and inspired by the song Penobska Oakwalk from the band Quilt

Droplet Dynamics Under Extreme Ambient Conditions

This open access book presents the main results of the Collaborative Research Center SFB-TRR 75, which spanned the period from 2010 to 2022. Scientists from a variety of disciplines, ranging from thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and electrical engineering to chemistry, mathematics, computer science, and visualization, worked together toward the overarching goal of SFB-TRR 75, to gain a deep physical understanding of fundamental droplet processes, especially those that occur under extreme ambient conditions. These are, for example, near critical thermodynamic conditions, processes at very low temperatures, under the influence of strong electric fields, or in situations with extreme gradients of boundary conditions. The fundamental understanding is a prerequisite for the prediction and optimisation of engineering systems with droplets and sprays, as well as for the prediction of droplet-related phenomena in nature. The book includes results from experimental investigations as well as new analytical and numerical descriptions on different spatial and temporal scales. The contents of the book have been organised according to methodological fundamentals, phenomena associated with free single drops, drop clusters and sprays, and drop and spray phenomena involving wall interactions