An analysis of the application of AI to the development of intelligent aids for flight crew tasks

This report presents the results of a study aimed at developing a basis for applying artificial intelligence to the flight deck environment of commercial transport aircraft. In particular, the study was comprised of four tasks: (1) analysis of flight crew tasks, (2) survey of the state-of-the-art of relevant artificial intelligence areas, (3) identification of human factors issues relevant to intelligent cockpit aids, and (4) identification of artificial intelligence areas requiring further research

Use of Advanced Technologies and Information Solutions for North Sea Offshore Assets: Ambitious Changes and Socio-Technical Dimensions

The use of various forms of advanced technologies and information solutions are in common place to manage industrial assets today. This is widely seen as the way forward in various industrial sectors owing to range of commercial benefits offered by new technologies and its importance to gain competitive advantage. The objective of this paper is to describe such an ongoing major technology-dependent re- engineering process termed Integrated eOperations in oil and gas exploration and production business in North Sea since 2004-2005, and to highlight the nature of ambitious techno-managerial changes and its critical socio-technical dimensions. The change process focuses on a new development path based on 24/7 online real-time operations, with direct implications on organizational forms and managerial tasks. Given the nature and the scale of ongoing change processes, there are emerging concerns that increasing complexities, ill-defined interfaces can easily lead to serious vulnerabilities and major risks. To avoid such undesirable circumstances that will surely have long-term commercial repercussions, a holistic socio-technical consideration and early measures to ensure fully-functional and fail-safe system are absolutely necessary

Seventeenth and eighteenth century timber roof structures in Scotland : design, pathologies and conservation

17C and 18C Scottish built heritage has not been sufficiently researched, despite its importance in both quality and quantity. Most scholars tend to investigate the external architectural composition of these buildings rather than their overall constructional configuration. In particular, timber roof structures are very rarely considered even though the integrity of the overall building depends largely on them. This lack of knowledge hinders good conservation practice. This paper aims to increase awareness about the extent, nature, value and condition of historic timber roofs in Scotland in order to understand what their conservation needs are. Preliminary results obtained from the creation of a relational database of 1520 buildings, related mapping, survey of 56 buildings of the period across Scotland and historical/archival research, are discussed. This has allowed for an initial understanding of the different structural types of Scottish timber roofs of the period as well as their pathologies

Innovation in the drilling and well value chain. An ecosystem perspective

Masteroppgave i bedriftsledelse (MBA) - Universitetet i Nordland, 201

DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM TO SUPPORT DECISION PROCESSES WITH DATA MINING

Traditional techniques of data analysis do not enable the solution of all kind of problems and for that reason they have become insufficient. This caused a new interdisciplinary field of data mining to arise, encompassing both classical statistical, and modern machine learning techniques to support the data analysis and knowledge discovery from data. Data mining methods are powerful in dealing with large quantities of data, but on the other hand they are difficult to master by business users to facilitate decision support. In this paper we introduce our approach to integration of decision support system with data mining. We discuss the role of data mining to facilitate decision support, the use of data mining methods in decision support systems, discuss applied approaches and introduce a data mining decision support system called DMDSS - Data Mining Decision Support System. We also present some obtained results and plans for future development

First CLIPS Conference Proceedings, volume 2

The topics of volume 2 of First CLIPS Conference are associated with following applications: quality control; intelligent data bases and networks; Space Station Freedom; Space Shuttle and satellite; user interface; artificial neural systems and fuzzy logic; parallel and distributed processing; enchancements to CLIPS; aerospace; simulation and defense; advisory systems and tutors; and intelligent control

Making sense of complex socio-ecological issues: a frame-analysis of Arctic natural resource development

Environmental and natural resource issues are often framed in multiple ways by multiple stakeholders. This is especially the case in relation to Arctic natural resource development: a complex issue bearing the hallmarks of modern sustainability challenges. With the increasing attention placed towards the Arctic’s natural resources comes a growing number of diverse voices, producing a discursive environment fertile for frame-conflicts and susceptible to misunderstanding, confusion and conflation. For many, the central challenge in tackling socio-ecological problems deriving from these complex issues centres on conflicting frames: from how problems are initially defined to what are appropriate solutions, these issues are social and political constructs and arenas for deep disagreement. As such, if policy efforts to meet the sustainability challenges associated with Arctic natural resources are to be successful, an understanding of frames proves essential. This thesis contributes towards this important research area by undertaking a frame-analysis of contemporary Arctic natural resource development. This thesis consists of three empirical strands. The first examines media-frames in international news media coverage surrounding natural resources in an Arctic context. Using Greenland as a case-study, it illustrates a media portrayal of a close-knit relationship between a warming climate and natural resource development. The second strand uses Q-Methodology to explore frame-conflicts within a group of Arctic stakeholders around the issue of Arctic offshore petroleum, finding significant divergence across framings, with some bridges of consensus evident that could potentially facilitate collaborative policymaking. The third strand examines the role of scale-frames within the discussion around Arctic offshore petroleum, identifying several scale-challenges often related to the Arctic’s nebulous relationship with scale. Themes emerging across these three strands point to a need for alternative conceptual approaches to space that capture the inter-relational complexity behind Arctic natural resource development. Relational geographies and assemblage-thinking are presented as useful conceptual lens in which to engage with this complexity. This thesis argues that despite its inherent complexity, an understanding of the various ways Arctic natural resources are framed can offer guidance for policymakers such as highlighting the risks of dominant tropes, the existence of potential bridges and the need for more refined terminology when necessary. In doing so, this thesis highlights the utility of mixed-methods frame analysis as a heuristic tool to better understand complex socio-ecological issues

Geosciences Roadmap for Research Infrastructures 2025–2028 by the Swiss Geosciences Community

This community roadmap presents an integrative approach including the most urgent infrastructure requests for the future development of geosciences in Switzerland. It recommends to strengthen the multidisciplinary nature of the geosciences by putting all activities under the roof of the Integrated Swiss Geosciences supported by four specific research infrastructure pillars. The roadmap represents the view of the Swiss scientific community in the field of geosciences and is a formal element of the process to elaborate the Swiss Roadmap for Research Infrastructures 2023. This bottom-up contribution to the identification and selection of important national and international research infrastructures has been coordinated by the Swiss Academy of Sciences (SCNAT) on a mandate by the State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI).ISSN:2297-1564ISSN:2297-157

A critical discourse analysis of negotiations between business and Aboriginal peoples : implications for strategic management of crosscultural knowledge

The concept and use of knowledge in business studies is predominantly determined by a Western interpretation, with strategic management theory and practice positioning knowledge as a key factor in the creation of competitive advantage. The thesis examines Western and Aboriginal ways of knowing, and explores the presuppositions of knowledge in Western culture.Utilising critical theory the thesis has researched and penetrated the cultural interface between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people during business negotiations. The research is a first order interpretation by a non-Aboriginal researcher that critically analyses and unpacks the non-Aboriginal discourse of cross-cultural negotiations. The thesis reveals the impact of Western normative culture on the construction of cross-cultural knowledge.It is argued the current Western orientation of strategic management theory fails cross-cultural negotiations, and that ways of knowing outside the paradigm of traditional strategic management research can provide a broader understanding of knowledge and improve cross-cultural negotiations. The thesis argues that the models for understanding national cultures are Western orientated models that may have inherent cultural limits. The thesis draws upon frame theory, and argues that cultural schema and mental models known as frames have a significant impact on cross-cultural negotiations.The significance of the research resides in two primary areas. Firstly the literature regarding knowledge in strategic management is inclined to be positivist with a strong Western academic influence. This thesis argues that the literature and discipline of strategic management will be enriched by a more heterogenous approach to knowledge through a diversity of research paradigms, and through understanding other cultural approaches to knowledge. This thesis contributes through an interpretive perspective to strategic management theory and practice.Secondly the research contributes to the literature, theory and practice of cross-cultural negotiations. Specifically there is a paucity of literature on Aboriginal and non- Aboriginal negotiations, and this thesis through the critical discourse analysis of negotiations provides a significant insight into this cultural interface. Frame theory assists understanding how non-Aboriginal negotiators make meaning during cross-cultural negotiations and how this influences their understanding of knowledge.The thesis concludes with two key recommendations. Firstly that strategic management research, theory and practice will be well served by a broader approach to knowledge. This will be achieved by recognising that a positivist approach to research in strategic management has limitations, and the management models of knowledge have culturally imbued presuppositions or schema that frame our interpretation of ways of knowing. Secondly two models for cross-cultural negotiations are proposed. The models recommend that we suspend our own constructs of reality to engage with other ways of knowing in a reflective process to generate new schemas of knowledge