3,301 research outputs found

    How Transparency Measures Can Attenuate Initial Failures of Intelligent Decision Support Systems

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    Owing to high functional complexity, trust plays a critical role for the adoption of intelligent decision support systems (DSS). Especially failures in initial usage phases might endanger trust since users are yet to assess the system’s capabilities over time. Since such initial failures are unavoidable, it is crucial to understand how providers can inform users about system capabilities to rebuild user trust. Using an online experiment, we evaluate the effects of recurring explanations and initial tutorials as transparency measures on trust. We find that recurring explanations are superior to initial tutorials in establishing trust in intelligent DSS. However, recurring explanations are only as effective as tutorials or the combination of both tutorials and recurring explanations in rebuilding trust after initial failures occurred. Our results provide empirical insights for the design of transparency mechanisms for intelligent DSS, especially those with high underlying algorithmic complexity or potentially high damage

    Gender and Personality in Media Rich Interfaces: Do Birds of a Feather Flock Together?

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    This research explores how user and interface characteristics can interact to influence decision performance. Specifically, this research examines the effects of gender, personality similarity, and increased levels of information cues on user involvement with a computer-based decision aid. In addition, this research explores the downstream effects of user involvement on decision time, effort, satisfaction, confidence, and quality. Findings indicate that gender has a significant influence on user involvement, and that involvement and the level of information cues provided by the decision aid have a direct influence on decision performance

    The Impact of Sentiment Analysis Output on Decision Outcomes: An Empirical Evaluation

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    User-generated online content serves as a source of product- and service-related information that reduces the uncertainty in consumer decision making, yet the abundance of such content makes it prohibitively costly to use all relevant information. Dealing with this (big data) problem requires a consumer to decide what subset of information to focus on. Peer-generated star ratings are excellent tools for one to decide what subset of information to focus on as they indicate a review’s “tone”. However, star ratings are not available for all user-generated content and not detailed enough in other cases. Sentiment analysis, a text-analytic technique that automatically detects the polarity of text, provides sentiment scores that are comparable to, and potentially more refined than, star ratings. Despite its popularity as an active topic in analytics research, sentiment analysis outcomes have not been evaluated through rigorous user studies. We fill that gap by investigating the impact of sentiment scores on purchase decisions through a controlled experiment using 100 participants. The results suggest that, consistent with the effort-accuracy trade off and effort-minimization concepts, sentiment scores on review documents improve the efficiency (speed) of purchase decisions without significantly affecting decision effectiveness (confidence)

    The effects of formal human leadership and computer-generated decision aids on problem solving via computer : a controlled experiment

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    Twenty-four groups of five professionals and managers within a variety of organizations were given the task of using a computer conference to reach agreement on the best solution to a ranking problem. The independent variable is the structure of the conferencing capability used. Two alternative means of structuring the conferences were employed, in a two-by-two factorial design. Groups with Human Leadership elected one of their members to lead the group in its decision making discussion. Groups with Computer Feedback were given periodic tables which displayed the current group decision in terms of the mean rankings of items, and the degree of consensus about each of these items. Dependent variables include: Quality of decision Degree of consensus Amount of discussion and reranking activity Equality of participation Subjective satisfaction Covariates include initial (pre-discussion) quality of decision, typing speed, knowledgability of the leader, age, and sex. For this experiment, with small groups, human leadership was more effective than computer feedback for improving consensus and quality of decision

    Examining Student Satisfaction and Gender Differences in Technology-Supported, Blended Learning

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    Recently, blended learning has become popular in higher education. In this study, we aim to investigate influential factors that could impact student learning in this young and relatively immature environment. Factors from three perspectives – students themselves, instructors, and institutional support – were examined. Specifically, these factors are students’ computer self-efficacy, instructor characteristics, and facilitating conditions. A research model was developed to systematically assess their impacts on students’ perceived accomplishment, perceived enjoyment, and satisfaction toward the blended class. We also explored the gender differences by testing the research model on the two genders respectively. Interestingly, we found that for female students all three factors had significant impacts on their perceived accomplishment and perceived enjoyment, which in turn significantly impacted their learning satisfaction; however, for male students, no significant impact was found from computer self-efficacy to either perceived accomplishment or perceived enjoyment (the other two factors were significant)

    Gender Differences in IS: A literature Review

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    Gender focused research has been published in IS journals since the mid-1990s. Gender focused research has been published in IS journals since the mid-1990s. In this paper, we conduct a literature review of this research stream by analyzing the academic, crossover, and practitioner IS literature that focuses on gender issues. Our search revealed 44 total gender focused IS journal articles, all of which are concerned with identifying and attempting to explain gender differences. These articles were analyzed and systematically grouped them into four main categories: IT workforce, behavioral, prescriptive/guidance, and education. These main categories were then split into subcategory clusters. We examined publication trends over time in regards to journal outlets, main categories, and the subcategories. As a result of this effort gaps in the gender literature are identified. Recommendations to guide future research efforts of both academicians and practitioners are provided

    Predicting bystander attitudes using rape myth acceptance and adherence to the commodity model of sex

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    The high rate of sexual assault on college campuses has become a growing concern among college administrators. To combat the prevalence of sexual assault, colleges and universities have begun implementing mandatory bystander intervention training programs, which teach students to look for warning signs indicative of sexual assault and intervene before an assault occurs. Previous research has indicated that an individual’s endorsement of rape myths may play a role in whether or not that individual will intervene in a situation that may lead to sexual assault; however, little research has investigated from where beliefs in rape myths might stem. Sex educators have asserted that the cultural conception of sex, best defined as a “commodity model”, introduces a narrative surrounding sex that legitimizes and normalizes rape myths. This study sought to quantify adherence to the commodity model of sex through the development of a Commodity Model of Sex Scale, and to identify whether adherence to the commodity model of sex and belief in rape myths could be used to predict participants’ attitudes towards intervening in situations that may lead to sexual assault. Results indicated a moderately strong correlation between rape myth acceptance and endorsement of the commodity model of sex, and that rape myth acceptance most strongly predicted bystander attitudes, given the predictors in the model. Implications of this finding for bystander intervention training and sex education curricula are discussed

    Participatory plant breeding and gender analysis

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    From conflict to cooperation: inquiry into the Child Support Program

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    Tabled: 20 July 2015 The House Standing Committee on Social Policy and Legal Affairs was asked to inquire into child support by the Minister for Social Services. The terms of reference asked the Committee to inquire into: the methods used by the Child Support Program (CSP) to collect payments in arrears and manage overpayments, the flexibility of the CSP to accommodate changing circumstances of families, the alignment of the child support and family assistance frameworks, linkages between Family Court decisions and child support policies, and how the scheme could provide better for high conflict families Within the terms of reference the Committee expressed a particular interest in: assessing the methodology for calculating payments and the adequacy of current compliance and enforcement powers for the management of child support payments, the effectiveness of mediation and counselling arrangements as part of family assistance frameworks, and ensuring that children in high conflict families are best provided for under the child support scheme. The report contains 25 recommendations in total. The Committee found that the CSP is generally functioning as intended: evidence to the inquiry indicated that in approximately 75-80 per cent of child support cases, parents are meeting their child support obligations and have established friendly or cooperative post-separation relationships. As such, the challenge faced by this inquiry was to try and find ways to improve the system for people who are experiencing child support problems while not disrupting the areas in which the CSP is working well

    The success of DSS in a police organization. An evaluation study

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    Decision support systems (DSS) are widely used in both public and private sectors. The objective of our research is to provide knowledge about the actual use and impact of DSS in police organizations. The system that is evaluated in this study is a DSS, recently developed and implemented in the Police organization in SkĂĄne. There is hardly any evaluation done on these systems when used in this particular context. This evaluation will be based on the information system success model of DeLone and McLean (1992). Both quantitative and qualitative methods are used to measure the interrelated success factors of the model. Our findings show that system quality, information quality, user satisfaction, individual impact and organizational impact are at satisfying levels. The use of the system in general is low and more depended on external factors rather than system quality, information quality and satisfaction. We arrived at the overall conclusions that the DSS can be considered quite successful but on the other hand there is still room for improvement until it becomes fully functional
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