35 research outputs found

    Congress UPV Proceedings of the 21ST International Conference on Science and Technology Indicators

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    This is the book of proceedings of the 21st Science and Technology Indicators Conference that took place in València (Spain) from 14th to 16th of September 2016. The conference theme for this year, ‘Peripheries, frontiers and beyond’ aimed to study the development and use of Science, Technology and Innovation indicators in spaces that have not been the focus of current indicator development, for example, in the Global South, or the Social Sciences and Humanities. The exploration to the margins and beyond proposed by the theme has brought to the STI Conference an interesting array of new contributors from a variety of fields and geographies. This year’s conference had a record 382 registered participants from 40 different countries, including 23 European, 9 American, 4 Asia-Pacific, 4 Africa and Near East. About 26% of participants came from outside of Europe. There were also many participants (17%) from organisations outside academia including governments (8%), businesses (5%), foundations (2%) and international organisations (2%). This is particularly important in a field that is practice-oriented. The chapters of the proceedings attest to the breadth of issues discussed. Infrastructure, benchmarking and use of innovation indicators, societal impact and mission oriented-research, mobility and careers, social sciences and the humanities, participation and culture, gender, and altmetrics, among others. We hope that the diversity of this Conference has fostered productive dialogues and synergistic ideas and made a contribution, small as it may be, to the development and use of indicators that, being more inclusive, will foster a more inclusive and fair world

    Study on open science: The general state of the play in Open Science principles and practices at European life sciences institutes

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    Nowadays, open science is a hot topic on all levels and also is one of the priorities of the European Research Area. Components that are commonly associated with open science are open access, open data, open methodology, open source, open peer review, open science policies and citizen science. Open science may a great potential to connect and influence the practices of researchers, funding institutions and the public. In this paper, we evaluate the level of openness based on public surveys at four European life sciences institute

    Social impact retrieval: measuring author influence on information retrieval

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    The increased presence of technologies collectively referred to as Web 2.0 mean the entire process of new media production and dissemination has moved away from an authorcentric approach. Casual web users and browsers are increasingly able to play a more active role in the information creation process. This means that the traditional ways in which information sources may be validated and scored must adapt accordingly. In this thesis we propose a new way in which to look at a user's contributions to the network in which they are present, using these interactions to provide a measure of authority and centrality to the user. This measure is then used to attribute an query-independent interest score to each of the contributions the author makes, enabling us to provide other users with relevant information which has been of greatest interest to a community of like-minded users. This is done through the development of two algorithms; AuthorRank and MessageRank. We present two real-world user experiments which focussed around multimedia annotation and browsing systems that we built; these systems were novel in themselves, bringing together video and text browsing, as well as free-text annotation. Using these systems as examples of real-world applications for our approaches, we then look at a larger-scale experiment based on the author and citation networks of a ten year period of the ACM SIGIR conference on information retrieval between 1997-2007. We use the citation context of SIGIR publications as a proxy for annotations, constructing large social networks between authors. Against these networks we show the effectiveness of incorporating user generated content, or annotations, to improve information retrieval

    Twenty years of experimental philosophy research

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    Media Subpoenas: Impact, Perception, and Legal Protection in the Changing World of American Journalism

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    Forty years ago, at a time when the media were experiencing enormous professional change and a surge of subpoena activity, First Amendment scholar Vincent Blasi investigated the perceptions of members of the press and the impact of subpoenas within American newsrooms in a study that quickly came to be regarded as a watershed in media law. That empirical information is now a full generation old, and American journalism faces a new critical moment. The traditional press once again finds itself facing a surge of subpoenas and once again finds itself at a time of intense change—albeit on a different trajectory—as readership and public reputation plummet. As the dialogue on this complicated topic once again reaches full volume, intensified by a series of hotly contested federal reporter’s privilege bills, the question of the appropriate legal rule is again inextricably intertwined with the question of the real-world impact of subpoenas on the operations of the media. This “law-in-action” Article aims to offer the legislators and policymakers of today what Blasi offered them four decades ago. It reports the results of a large-scale empirical study, presenting both quantitative and qualitative assessments of the effects that subpoenas have on daily newspapers and local television news operations, and re-explores the questions of changing legal climate and media awareness of legal protection. The Article concludes that media subpoenas have a substantial impact on newsgathering, warranting federal legislative attention. But it also concludes that the traditional press is ill-informed of the contours of its own legal protection, which may compound the difficulties the media experience in this area

    Media Subpoenas: Impact, Perception, and Legal Protection in the Changing World of American Journalism

    Get PDF
    Forty years ago, at a time when the media were experiencing enormous professional change and a surge of subpoena activity, First Amendment scholar Vincent Blasi investigated the perceptions of members of the press and the impact of subpoenas within American newsrooms in a study that quickly came to be regarded as a watershed in media law. That empirical information is now a full generation old, and American journalism faces a new critical moment. The traditional press once again finds itself facing a surge of subpoenas and once again finds itself at a time of intense change—albeit on a different trajectory—as readership and public reputation plummet. As the dialogue on this complicated topic once again reaches full volume, intensified by a series of hotly contested federal reporter’s privilege bills, the question of the appropriate legal rule is again inextricably intertwined with the question of the real-world impact of subpoenas on the operations of the media. This “law-in-action” Article aims to offer the legislators and policymakers of today what Blasi offered them four decades ago. It reports the results of a large-scale empirical study, presenting both quantitative and qualitative assessments of the effects that subpoenas have on daily newspapers and local television news operations, and re-explores the questions of changing legal climate and media awareness of legal protection. The Article concludes that media subpoenas have a substantial impact on newsgathering, warranting federal legislative attention. But it also concludes that the traditional press is ill-informed of the contours of its own legal protection, which may compound the difficulties the media experience in this area

    Europe Wide Web : Public Sphere in European Online Media

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    The European Union is often argued to be an elite project with which common citizens are not associated. One of the problems is claimed to be the absence of a common public sphere where Europeans can debate societal issues. However, recent developments in communication technology call for rethinking on the European public sphere. The internet provides solutions to many technical obstacles often presented as barriers to transnational debate. The development has beared fruit: There are an increasing number of online publications dealing with the EU or Europe in general. However, the online media’s potential for the European public sphere has not been much researched. This research attempts to fill the gap. The object of this research are European online media that write about the EU or Europe. The main interest is in discovering their possibilities to promote debate on European issues, and the research question is: What kind of a European public sphere do online publications construct? To answer the question, a test model of the European public sphere is constructed based on the descriptive models developed by Erik Eriksen and Marianne van de Steeg. The theory of deliberative public sphere of Jürgen Habermas forms the normative background of this study. In addition, ideas of Chantal Mouffe on agonistic public sphere are elaborated. The developed model is tested in the empirical part. As thorough research has not been conducted previously on the European online media, first a general categorization is made. Fifty online publications are researched and grouped in eight categories. The second phase of empirical research consists of qualitative content analysis. Twelve publications from four categories are analysed. The material comprises news articles on the European sovereign debt crisis. Text samples are analysed with the aid of four indicators actors, topics, sources and virtual contact. One of the most important observations of both categorisation and analysis of the European online media is its diversity in topics, actors or political opinions. The analysis also shows that the debt crisis is a very political topic and holds conflict of interests on the left-wing and right-wing level, contrary to the common claim that the EU is lacking such a political tension. There are only a few references to particular European values even though Europe is the main frame. Also, international news media such as Reuters is often used as a source what indicates to common Western features rather than European features. This applies especially to the online dailies covering the EU issues. Another observation is a sign of an emerging European civic society discovered in the European volunteer and opinion media both of which operate mostly on a volunteer basis. Yet, as citizens play as small role in the debt crisis news coverage, the ideal European public sphere is far from being realised. The European online media is believed to gain more importance and reputation as the online media will develop furher. This research reveals the abundance of it and demonstrates that there is plenty to explore in the Europe Wide Web.Euroopan unionia pidetään eliittiprojektina, jossa tavalliset kansalaiset eivät ole osallisina. Yhtenä ongelmista pidetään sellaisen yhteisen julkisuuden puuttumista, jossa eurooppalaiset voisivat keskustella yhteiskunnallisista asioista. Viestintäteknologian kehittyminen antaa kuitenkin aihetta pohtia eurooppalaista julkisuutta uudestaan. Internet ratkaisee monet tekniset seikat, joita on pidetty esteenä ylikansallisen keskustelun syntymiselle. Kehitys on kantanut hedelmää: on olemassa yhä enemmän EU- tai Eurooppa-aiheisia verkkolehtiä. Niiden potentiaalia eurooppalaiselle julkisuudelle ei kuitenkaan ole erityisemmin tutkittu. Pro gradu -tutkielma yrittää paikata tämän aukon. Tutkimuksen kohteena on eurooppalainen verkkomedia, joka kirjoittaa EU:sta tai Euroopasta. Tavoitteena on selvittää sen mahdollisuuksia edistää keskustelua eurooppalaisista asioista. Tutkimuskysymys kuuluu, minkälaista eurooppalaista julkisuutta verkkolehdet rakentavat. Ensin muotoillaan eurooppalaisen julkisuuden testimalli, joka pohjautuu Erik Eriksenin ja Marianne van de Steegin deskriptiivisiin malleihin.Tämän tutkimuksen normatiivinen tausta nojaa Jürgen Habermasin deliberatiivisen julkisuuden teoriaan. Lisäksi Chantal Mouffen agonistisen julkisuuden teoriaan viitataan. Kehitettyä julkisuusmallia testataan tutkimuksen empiirisessä osassa. Koska eurooppalaista verkkomediaa ei ole tutkittu syvällisesti, empiirisen osan ensimmäinen vaihe on yleinen kategorisointi. Viisikymmentä verkkolehteä tutkitaan ja ryhmitellään kahdeksaan kategoriaan. Empiirisen vaiheen toinen osa käsittää laadullisen sisällönanalyysin. Aineisto koostuu Euroopan velkakriisiä käsittelevistä teksteistä, joita analysoidaan kahdessatoista lehdessä neljästä eri kategoriasta. Tekstit analysoidaan neljän indikaattorin avulla. Ne olivat tekijät, aiheet, lähteet ja virtuaalinen kontakti. Yksi tärkeimmistä havainnoista on eurooppalaisen verkkomedian moninaisuus aiheissa, tekijöissä ja poliittisissa mielipiteissä. Analyysi osoittaa myös, että velkakriisi on hyvin poliittinen aihe ja sisältää eturistiriitoja oikeisto-vasemmisto-akselilla vastoin yleistä väitettä, että EU:sta puuttuu tämä poliittinen jännite. Viittauksia erityisiin eurooppalaisiin arvoihin on vähän, huolimatta siitä, että Eurooppa kehystää tapahtumia. Lähteitä ovat usein kansainväliset mediat kuten Reuters, mikä viittaa ennemmin yhteisiin länsimaisiin piirteisiin kuin eurooppalaisiin. Lähteiden käyttö pätee ennen kaikkea EU:sta kirjoittaviin verkkosanomalehtiin. Toinen havainto on merkki orastavasta eurooppalaisesta kansalaisyhteiskunnasta, joka näkyi suurelta osin vapaaehtoisvoimin toimivassa eurooppalaisessa vapaaehtois- ja mielipidemediassa. Siitä huolimatta kansalaisten rooli velkakriisiuutisoinnissa on pieni, joten ideaali eurooppalainen julkisuus on vielä kaukana. Eurooppalainen verkkomedia muuttunee tärkeämmäksi ja tunnetummaksi sitä myötä, kun internet-journalismi kehittyy. Tämä tutkimus osoittaa, että verkkolehtiä on runsaasti ja että Euroopan laajuisessa verkkomaailmassa on vielä paljon tutkittavaa
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