2,534 research outputs found
Distributed Quasi-Orthogonal Space-Time coding in wireless cooperative relay networks
Cooperative diversity provides a new paradigm in robust wireless re- lay networks that leverages Space-Time (ST) processing techniques to combat the effects of fading. Distributing the encoding over multiple relays that potentially observe uncorrelated channels to a destination terminal has demonstrated promising results in extending range, data- rates and transmit power utilization. Specifically, Space Time Block Codes (STBCs) based on orthogonal designs have proven extremely popular at exploiting spatial diversity through simple distributed pro- cessing without channel knowledge at the relaying terminals. This thesis aims at extending further the extensive design and analysis in relay networks based on orthogonal designs in the context of Quasi- Orthogonal Space Time Block Codes (QOSTBCs).
The characterization of Quasi-Orthogonal MIMO channels for cooper- ative networks is performed under Ergodic and Non-Ergodic channel conditions. Specific to cooperative diversity, the sub-channels are as- sumed to observe different shadowing conditions as opposed to the traditional co-located communication system. Under Ergodic chan- nel assumptions novel closed-form solutions for cooperative channel capacity under the constraint of distributed-QOSTBC processing are presented. This analysis is extended to yield closed-form approx- imate expressions and their utility is verified through simulations. The effective use of partial feedback to orthogonalize the QOSTBC is examined and significant gains under specific channel conditions are demonstrated.
Distributed systems cooperating over the network introduce chal- lenges in synchronization. Without extensive network management
it is difficult to synchronize all the nodes participating in the relaying between source and destination terminals. Based on QOSTBC tech- niques simple encoding strategies are introduced that provide compa- rable throughput to schemes under synchronous conditions with neg- ligible overhead in processing throughout the protocol. Both mutli- carrier and single-carrier schemes are developed to enable the flexi- bility to limit Peak-to-Average-Power-Ratio (PAPR) and reduce the Radio Frequency (RF) requirements of the relaying terminals.
The insights gained in asynchronous design in flat-fading cooperative channels are then extended to broadband networks over frequency- selective channels where the novel application of QOSTBCs are used in distributed-Space-Time-Frequency (STF) coding. Specifically, cod- ing schemes are presented that extract both spatial and mutli-path diversity offered by the cooperative Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) channel. To provide maximum flexibility the proposed schemes are adapted to facilitate both Decode-and-Forward (DF) and Amplify- and-Forward (AF) relaying. In-depth Pairwise-Error-Probability (PEP) analysis provides distinct design specifications which tailor the distributed- STF code to maximize the diversity and coding gain offered under the
DF and AF protocols.
Numerical simulation are used extensively to confirm the validity of the proposed cooperative schemes. The analytical and numerical re- sults demonstrate the effective use of QOSTBC over orthogonal tech- niques in a wide range of channel conditions
Cooperative Symbol-Based Signaling for Networks with Multiple Relays
Wireless channels suffer from severe inherent impairments and hence
reliable and high data rate wireless transmission is particularly challenging to
achieve. Fortunately, using multiple antennae improves performance in wireless
transmission by providing space diversity, spatial multiplexing, and power gains.
However, in wireless ad-hoc networks multiple antennae may not be acceptable
due to limitations in size, cost, and hardware complexity. As a result, cooperative
relaying strategies have attracted considerable attention because of their abilities
to take advantage of multi-antenna by using multiple single-antenna relays.
This study is to explore cooperative signaling for different relay networks,
such as multi-hop relay networks formed by multiple single-antenna relays and
multi-stage relay networks formed by multiple relaying stages with each stage
holding several single-antenna relays. The main contribution of this study is the
development of a new relaying scheme for networks using symbol-level
modulation, such as binary phase shift keying (BPSK) and quadrature phase shift
keying (QPSK). We also analyze effects of this newly developed scheme when it
is used with space-time coding in a multi-stage relay network. Simulation results
demonstrate that the new scheme outperforms previously proposed schemes:
amplify-and-forward (AF) scheme and decode-and-forward (DF) scheme
A Simple Cooperative Diversity Method Based on Network Path Selection
Cooperative diversity has been recently proposed as a way to form virtual
antenna arrays that provide dramatic gains in slow fading wireless
environments. However most of the proposed solutions require distributed
space-time coding algorithms, the careful design of which is left for future
investigation if there is more than one cooperative relay. We propose a novel
scheme, that alleviates these problems and provides diversity gains on the
order of the number of relays in the network. Our scheme first selects the best
relay from a set of M available relays and then uses this best relay for
cooperation between the source and the destination. We develop and analyze a
distributed method to select the best relay that requires no topology
information and is based on local measurements of the instantaneous channel
conditions. This method also requires no explicit communication among the
relays. The success (or failure) to select the best available path depends on
the statistics of the wireless channel, and a methodology to evaluate
performance for any kind of wireless channel statistics, is provided.
Information theoretic analysis of outage probability shows that our scheme
achieves the same diversity-multiplexing tradeoff as achieved by more complex
protocols, where coordination and distributed space-time coding for M nodes is
required, such as those proposed in [7]. The simplicity of the technique,
allows for immediate implementation in existing radio hardware and its adoption
could provide for improved flexibility, reliability and efficiency in future 4G
wireless systems.Comment: To appear, IEEE JSAC, special issue on 4
On Outage Probability and Diversity-Multiplexing Tradeoff in MIMO Relay Channels
Fading MIMO relay channels are studied analytically, when the source and
destination are equipped with multiple antennas and the relays have a single
one. Compact closed-form expressions are obtained for the outage probability
under i.i.d. and correlated Rayleigh-fading links. Low-outage approximations
are derived, which reveal a number of insights, including the impact of
correlation, of the number of antennas, of relay noise and of relaying
protocol. The effect of correlation is shown to be negligible, unless the
channel becomes almost fully correlated. The SNR loss of relay fading channels
compared to the AWGN channel is quantified. The SNR-asymptotic
diversity-multiplexing tradeoff (DMT) is obtained for a broad class of fading
distributions, including, as special cases, Rayleigh, Rice, Nakagami, Weibull,
which may be non-identical, spatially correlated and/or non-zero mean. The DMT
is shown to depend not on a particular fading distribution, but rather on its
polynomial behavior near zero, and is the same for the simple
"amplify-and-forward" protocol and more complicated "decode-and-forward" one
with capacity achieving codes, i.e. the full processing capability at the relay
does not help to improve the DMT. There is however a significant difference
between the SNR-asymptotic DMT and the finite-SNR outage performance: while the
former is not improved by using an extra antenna on either side, the latter can
be significantly improved and, in particular, an extra antenna can be
traded-off for a full processing capability at the relay. The results are
extended to the multi-relay channels with selection relaying and typical outage
events are identified.Comment: accepted by IEEE Trans. on Comm., 201
Dispensing with channel estimation: differentially modulated cooperative wireless communications
As a benefit of bypassing the potentially excessive complexity and yet inaccurate channel estimation, differentially encoded modulation in conjunction with low-complexity noncoherent detection constitutes a viable candidate for user-cooperative systems, where estimating all the links by the relays is unrealistic. In order to stimulate further research on differentially modulated cooperative systems, a number of fundamental challenges encountered in their practical implementations are addressed, including the time-variant-channel-induced performance erosion, flexible cooperative protocol designs, resource allocation as well as its high-spectral-efficiency transceiver design. Our investigations demonstrate the quantitative benefits of cooperative wireless networks both from a pure capacity perspective as well as from a practical system design perspective
Recovering Multiplexing Loss Through Successive Relaying Using Repetition Coding
In this paper, a transmission protocol is studied for a two relay wireless
network in which simple repetition coding is applied at the relays.
Information-theoretic achievable rates for this transmission scheme are given,
and a space-time V-BLAST signalling and detection method that can approach them
is developed. It is shown through the diversity multiplexing tradeoff analysis
that this transmission scheme can recover the multiplexing loss of the
half-duplex relay network, while retaining some diversity gain. This scheme is
also compared with conventional transmission protocols that exploit only the
diversity of the network at the cost of a multiplexing loss. It is shown that
the new transmission protocol offers significant performance advantages over
conventional protocols, especially when the interference between the two relays
is sufficiently strong.Comment: To appear in the IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communication
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