Desarrollode un simulador de redes de procesadores que evolucionan (NEPS) en la nube (SPARK)

Máster Universitario en Investigación e Innovación en Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones (i2-TIC)The natural-inspired computing has becomeone of the most frequently used techniques to handle complex problems such as the NP-Hard optimization problems. This kind of computing has several advantages over traditional computing, including resiliency, parallel data processing, and low consumptionof power. One of the active research areas of the natural-inspired algorithms is Network of Evolutionary Processors (NEPs). A NEP consists of several cells that are attached together; at the same time the edges of the graph are to transfer data between the nodes in system, while cells are representing the nodes.In this thesis we construct a NEPs system which is implemented over the Hadoop spark environment. The use of the spark platform is essential in this work due to the capabilities supplied by this platform. It is a suitable environment used solving some complicated problems. Using the environment is a possible choice in order to design the NEPs system. For this reason, in this thesis, we detailed on how to install, design and operate this system on the Apache the spark environment is used because it has the capability to implement the NEPs system in a distributed manner. The NEPs simulation is delivered in this work. An analysis of system’s parameters was also provided in this work for the system performance evaluation via the examination of each single factor affecting the performance of the NEPs individually. After testing the system, it become clear that using NEPs on the decentralize cloud eco-system can be thought as an effective method to handle data of different formats and also to execute optimization problems such as Adelman, 3-colorabilty and Massive-NEP problems. Moreover, this scheme is also robust that can be adaptable to handle data which might be scaled up to be big data which is characterized by its volume and heterogeneity. In this context heterogeneity might be referring to collecting data from different sources. Moreover, the utilization of the spark environment as a platform to operate the NEPs system has it is prospects. This environment is characterized by its fast task handing chunks of data to Hadoop architecture that is used to implement the spark system which is mainly based on the map and reduce functions. Thus, the task is distributed on NEPs system using the cloud based environment system made it possible to have logical result in all of the three examples investigated and examined in this method

Quality of service, security and trustworthiness for network slices

(English) The telecommunications' systems are becoming much more intelligent and dynamic due to the expansion of the multiple network types (i.e., wired, wireless, Internet of Things (IoT) and cloud-based networks). Due to this network variety, the old model of designing a specific network for a single purpose and so, the coexistence of different and multiple control systems is evolving towards a new model in which the use of a more unified control system is able to offer a wide range of services for multiple purposes with different requirements and characteristics. To achieve this situation, the networks have become more digital and virtual thanks to the creation of the Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and the Network Function Virtualization (NFV).Network Slicing takes the strengths from these two technologies and allows the network control systems to improve their performance as the services may be deployed and their interconnection configured through multiple-transport domains by using NFV/SDN tools such as NFV-Orchestrators (NFV-O) and SDN Controllers. This thesis has the main objective to contribute to the state of the art of Network Slicing, with a special focus on security aspects towards the architectures and processes to deploy, monitor and enforce secured and trusted resources to compose network slices. Finally, this document is structured in eight chapters: Chapter 1 provides the motivation and objectives of this thesis which describes to where this thesis contributes and what it was expected to study, evaluate and research. Chapter 2 presents the background necessary to understand the following chapters. This chapter presents a state of the art with three clear sections: 1) the key technologies necessary to create network slices, 2) an overview about the relationship between Service Level Agreements (SLAs) and network slices with a specific view on Security Service Level Agreements (SSLAs), and, 3) the literature related about distributed architectures and systems and the use of abstraction models to generate trust, security, and avoid management centralization. Chapter 3 introduces the research done associated to Network Slicing. First with the creation of network slices using resources placed multiple computing and transport domains. Then, this chapter illustrates how the use of multiple virtualization technologies allows to have more efficient network slices deployments and where each technology fits better to accomplish the performance improvements. Chapter 4 presents the research done about the management of network slices and the definition of SLAs and SSLAs to define the service and security requirements to accomplish the expected QoS and the right security level. Chapter 5 studies the possibility to change at certain level the trend to centralise the control and management architectures towards a distributed design. Chapter 6 follows focuses on the generation of trust among service resources providers. This chapter first describes how the concept of trust is mapped into an analytical system and then, how the trust management among providers and clients is done in a transparent and fair way. Chapter 7 is devoted to the dissemination results and presents the set of scientific publications produced in the format of journals, international conferences or collaborations. Chapter 8 concludes the work and outcomes previously presented and presents possible future research.(Català) Els sistemes de telecomunicacions s'estan tornant molt més intel·ligents i dinàmics degut a l'expansió de les múltiples classes de xarxes (i.e., xarxes amb i sense fils, Internet of Things (IoT) i xarxes basades al núvol). Tenint en consideració aquesta varietat d'escenaris, el model antic de disseny d'una xarxa enfocada a una única finalitat i, per tant, la una coexistència de varis i diferents sistemes de control està evolucionant cap a un nou model en el qual es busca unificar el control cap a un sistema més unificat capaç d'oferir una amplia gama de serveis amb diferents finalitats, requeriments i característiques. Per assolir aquesta nova situació, les xarxes han hagut de canviar i convertir-se en un element més digitalitzat i virtualitzat degut a la creació de xarxes definides per software i la virtualització de les funcions de xarxa (amb anglès Software-Defined Networking (SDN) i Network Function Virtualization (NFV), respectivament). Network Slicing fa ús dels punts forts de les dues tecnologies anteriors (SDN i NFV) i permet als sistemes de control de xarxes millorar el seu rendiment ja que els serveis poden ser desaplegats i la seva interconnexió a través de múltiples dominis de transport configurada fent servir eines NFV/SDN com per exemple orquestradors NFV (NFV-O) i controladors SDN. Aquesta tesi té com a objectiu principal, contribuir en diferents aspectes a la literatura actual al voltant de les network slices. Més concretament, el focus és en aspectes de seguretat de cara a les arquitectures i processos necessaris per desplegar, monitoritzar i aplicar recursos segurs i fiables per generar network slices. Finalment, el document es divideix en 8 capítols: El Capítol 1correspon a la introducció de la temàtica principal, la motivació per estudiar-la i els objectius plantejats a l'inici dels estudis de doctorat. El Capítol 2 presenta un recull d'elements i exemples en la literatura actual per presentar els conceptes bàsics i necessaris en relació a les tecnologies NFV, SDN i Network Slicing. El Capítol 3 introdueix el lector a les tasques i resultats obtinguts per l'estudiant respecte l'ús de network slices enfocades en escenaris amb múltiples dominis de transport i posteriorment en la creació i gestió de network slices Híbrides que utilitzen diferents tecnologies de virtualització. El Capítol 4 s'enfoca en l'ús d’eines de monitorització tant en avaluar i assegurar que es compleixen els nivells esperats de qualitat del servei i sobretot de qualitat de seguretat de les network slices desplegades. Per fer-ho s'estudia l'ús de contractes de servei i de seguretat, en anglès: Service Level Agreements i Security Service Level Agreements. El Capítol 5 estudia la possibilitat de canviar el model d'arquitectura per tal de no seguir centralitzant la gestió de tots els dominis en un únic element, aquest capítol presenta la feina feta en l'ús del Blockchain com a eina per canviar el model de gestió de recursos de múltiples dominis cap a un punt de vista cooperatiu i transparent entre dominis. El Capítol 6 segueix el camí iniciat en el capítol anterior i presenta un escenari en el qual a part de tenir múltiples dominis, també tenim múltiples proveïdors oferint un mateix servei (multi-stakeholder). En aquest cas, l'objectiu del Blockchain passa a ser la generació, gestió i distribució de paràmetres de reputació que defineixin un nivell de fiabilitat associat a cada proveïdor. De manera que, quan un client vulgui demanar un servei, pugui veure quins proveïdors són més fiables i en quins aspectes tenen millor reputació. El Capítol 7 presenta les tasques de disseminació fetes al llarg de la tesi. El Capítol 8 finalitza la tesi amb les conclusions finals.Postprint (published version

Concept design, analysis, and Integration of the new U.P.C. multispectral lidar system

The increasing need for range-resolved aerosol and water-vapour atmospheric observation networks worldwide has given rise to multi-spectral LIDARs (Light Detection and Ranging, a synonym of laser radar) as advanced remote sensing sensors. This Ph.D. presents the design, integration and analysis of the new 6-channel multispectral elastic/Raman LIDAR for aerosol and water-vapour content monitoring developed at the Remote Sensing Lab. (RSLAB) of the Universitat Polit ecnica de Catalunya (UPC). It is well known that the combination of at least three elastic and two Raman nitrogen channels are su cient to enable retrieval of the optical and microphysical properties of aerosols with a key impact on climate change variables. The UPC lidar is part of the EARLINET (European Aerosol Research Lidar Network) -GALION (Global Atmospheric Watch Atmospheric Lidar Observation Network), a ground-based continental network including more than 28 stations. Currently, only 8 of the 28 EARLINET stations are of such advanced type. This Ph.D. speci cally focuses on: (1) Concept link-budget instrument design and overlap factor assessment. The former includes opto-atmospheric parameter modelling and assessment of backscattered power and SNR levels, and maximum system range for the di erent reception channels (3 elastic, and 2 aerosol and 1 water-vapour Raman channels, ultraviolet to near-infrared bands). The latter studies the laser-telescope crossover function (or overlap function) by means of a novel raytracing Gaussian model. The problem of overlap function computation and its near-range sensitivity for medium size aperture (f=10, f=11) bi-axial tropospheric lidar systems using both detector and ber-optics coupling alternatives at the telescope focal-plane is analysed using this new ray-tracing approach, which provides a much simpler solution than analyticalbased methods. Sensitivity to laser divergence, eld-lens and detector/ ber positions, and ber's numerical aperture is considered. (2) Design and opto-mechanical implementation of the 6-channel polychromator (i.e., the spectrally selective unit in reception). Design trade-o s concerning light collimation, end-to-end transmissivity, net channel responsivity, and homogeneous spatial light distribution onto the detectors' active area discussed. (3) System integration and validation. This third part is two fold: On one hand, fi rst-order backscatter-coe cient error bounds (a level-1 data product) for the two-component elastic lidar inversion algorithm are estimated for both random (observation noise) and systematic error sources (user's uncertainty in the backscatter-coe cient calibration, and user's uncertainty in the aerosol extinction-to-backscatter lidar ratio). On the other hand, the multispectral lidar so far integrated is described at both hardware and control software level. Statistical validation results for the new UPC lidar (today in routine operation) in the framework of SPALI-2010 intercomparison campaign are presented as part of EARLINET quality assurance / optimisation of instruments' program. The methodology developed in the rst part of this Ph.D. has successfully been applied to the speci cation case study of the IFAE/UAB lidar system, which will be installed and operated at the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) observatory. Finally, specs for automated unmanned unattended lidar operation with service times close to 365/24 are presented at the end of this Ph.D. in response to the increasing demand for larger observation times and availability periods of lidar stations

In Memoriam, Solomon Marcus

This book commemorates Solomon Marcus’s fifth death anniversary with a selection of articles in mathematics, theoretical computer science, and physics written by authors who work in Marcus’s research fields, some of whom have been influenced by his results and/or have collaborated with him

Software for Exascale Computing - SPPEXA 2016-2019

This open access book summarizes the research done and results obtained in the second funding phase of the Priority Program 1648 "Software for Exascale Computing" (SPPEXA) of the German Research Foundation (DFG) presented at the SPPEXA Symposium in Dresden during October 21-23, 2019. In that respect, it both represents a continuation of Vol. 113 in Springer’s series Lecture Notes in Computational Science and Engineering, the corresponding report of SPPEXA’s first funding phase, and provides an overview of SPPEXA’s contributions towards exascale computing in today's sumpercomputer technology. The individual chapters address one or more of the research directions (1) computational algorithms, (2) system software, (3) application software, (4) data management and exploration, (5) programming, and (6) software tools. The book has an interdisciplinary appeal: scholars from computational sub-fields in computer science, mathematics, physics, or engineering will find it of particular interest

MS FT-2-2 7 Orthogonal polynomials and quadrature: Theory, computation, and applications

Quadrature rules find many applications in science and engineering. Their analysis is a classical area of applied mathematics and continues to attract considerable attention. This seminar brings together speakers with expertise in a large variety of quadrature rules. It is the aim of the seminar to provide an overview of recent developments in the analysis of quadrature rules. The computation of error estimates and novel applications also are described

Generalized averaged Gaussian quadrature and applications

A simple numerical method for constructing the optimal generalized averaged Gaussian quadrature formulas will be presented. These formulas exist in many cases in which real positive GaussKronrod formulas do not exist, and can be used as an adequate alternative in order to estimate the error of a Gaussian rule. We also investigate the conditions under which the optimal averaged Gaussian quadrature formulas and their truncated variants are internal

Thermal protection properties of aerogel-coated Kevlar woven fabrics

This paper investigated the thermal properties of aerogel-coated Kevlar fabrics under both the ambient temperature and high temperature with laser radiation. It is found that the aerogels combined with a Kevlar fabric contribute to a higher thermal insulation value. Under laser radiation with high temperature, the aerogel content plays a vital role on the surface temperature of the fabrics. At laser radiations with pixel time 330 μs, the surface temperatures of the aerogel coated Kevlar fabrics are 400-440°C lower than that of the uncoated fabric. Results also show that the fabric temperature is directly proportional to pixel time. It can be concluded that the Kevlar fabrics coated with silica aerogel provides better thermal protection under high temperature