565,263 research outputs found
Special issue on DISC 2010
This special issue of Distributed Computing is based on papers that originally appeared as extended abstracts in the Proceedings of the 24th International Symposium on Distributed Computing (DISC2010), held in Cambridge, Massachusetts on August 13–15, 2010. The papers for the Special Issue were chosen by the Program Committee from the 32 regular papers presented at the Symposium, based on their quality and representation of the spectrum of topics encompassed by the Symposium. In addition to being reviewed, in preliminary form, by the Program Committee, the full papers submitted for the Special Issue were refereed according to the standard practices of Distributed Computing (due to time constrains, some papers could not appear in this volume). We thank the Members of the Editorial Board for their work in editing this issue, and the referees and the authors of these papers for their respective contributions
Qubit-Qutrit Separability-Probability Ratios
Paralleling our recent computationally-intensive (quasi-Monte Carlo) work for
the case N=4 (quant-ph/0308037), we undertake the task for N=6 of computing to
high numerical accuracy, the formulas of Sommers and Zyczkowski
(quant-ph/0304041) for the (N^2-1)-dimensional volume and (N^2-2)-dimensional
hyperarea of the (separable and nonseparable) N x N density matrices, based on
the Bures (minimal monotone) metric -- and also their analogous formulas
(quant-ph/0302197) for the (non-monotone) Hilbert-Schmidt metric. With the same
seven billion well-distributed (``low-discrepancy'') sample points, we estimate
the unknown volumes and hyperareas based on five additional (monotone) metrics
of interest, including the Kubo-Mori and Wigner-Yanase. Further, we estimate
all of these seven volume and seven hyperarea (unknown) quantities when
restricted to the separable density matrices. The ratios of separable volumes
(hyperareas) to separable plus nonseparable volumes (hyperareas) yield
estimates of the separability probabilities of generically rank-six (rank-five)
density matrices. The (rank-six) separability probabilities obtained based on
the 35-dimensional volumes appear to be -- independently of the metric (each of
the seven inducing Haar measure) employed -- twice as large as those (rank-five
ones) based on the 34-dimensional hyperareas. Accepting such a relationship, we
fit exact formulas to the estimates of the Bures and Hilbert-Schmidt separable
volumes and hyperareas.(An additional estimate -- 33.9982 -- of the ratio of
the rank-6 Hilbert-Schmidt separability probability to the rank-4 one is quite
clearly close to integral too.) The doubling relationship also appears to hold
for the N=4 case for the Hilbert-Schmidt metric, but not the others. We fit
exact formulas for the Hilbert-Schmidt separable volumes and hyperareas.Comment: 36 pages, 15 figures, 11 tables, final PRA version, new last
paragraph presenting qubit-qutrit probability ratios disaggregated by the two
distinct forms of partial transpositio
Monolayer Excitonic Laser
Recently, two-dimensional (2D) materials have opened a new paradigm for
fundamental physics explorations and device applications. Unlike gapless
graphene, monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) has new optical
functionalities for next generation ultra-compact electronic and
opto-electronic devices. When TMDC crystals are thinned down to monolayers,
they undergo an indirect to direct bandgap transition, making it an outstanding
2D semiconductor. Unique electron valley degree of freedom, strong light matter
interactions and excitonic effects were observed. Enhancement of spontaneous
emission has been reported on TMDC monolayers integrated with photonic crystal
and distributed Bragg reflector microcavities. However, the coherent light
emission from 2D monolayer TMDC has not been demonstrated, mainly due to that
an atomic membrane has limited material gain volume and is lack of optical mode
confinement. Here, we report the first realization of 2D excitonic laser by
embedding monolayer tungsten disulfide (WS2) in a microdisk resonator. Using a
whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonator with a high quality factor and optical
confinement, we observed bright excitonic lasing in visible wavelength. The
Si3N4/WS2/HSQ sandwich configuration provides a strong feedback and mode
overlap with monolayer gain. This demonstration of 2D excitonic laser marks a
major step towards 2D on-chip optoelectronics for high performance optical
communication and computing applications.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figure
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