Further Results on Quadratic Permutation Polynomial-Based Interleavers for Turbo Codes

An interleaver is a critical component for the channel coding performance of turbo codes. Algebraic constructions are of particular interest because they admit analytical designs and simple, practical hardware implementation. Also, the recently proposed quadratic permutation polynomial (QPP) based interleavers by Sun and Takeshita (IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, Jan. 2005) provide excellent performance for short-to-medium block lengths, and have been selected for the 3GPP LTE standard. In this work, we derive some upper bounds on the best achievable minimum distance dmin of QPP-based conventional binary turbo codes (with tailbiting termination, or dual termination when the interleaver length N is sufficiently large) that are tight for larger block sizes. In particular, we show that the minimum distance is at most 2(2^{\nu +1}+9), independent of the interleaver length, when the QPP has a QPP inverse, where {\nu} is the degree of the primitive feedback and monic feedforward polynomials. However, allowing the QPP to have a larger degree inverse may give strictly larger minimum distances (and lower multiplicities). In particular, we provide several QPPs with an inverse degree of at least three for some of the 3GPP LTE interleaver lengths giving a dmin with the 3GPP LTE constituent encoders which is strictly larger than 50. For instance, we have found a QPP for N=6016 which gives an estimated dmin of 57. Furthermore, we provide the exact minimum distance and the corresponding multiplicity for all 3GPP LTE turbo codes (with dual termination) which shows that the best minimum distance is 51. Finally, we compute the best achievable minimum distance with QPP interleavers for all 3GPP LTE interleaver lengths N <= 4096, and compare the minimum distance with the one we get when using the 3GPP LTE polynomials.Comment: Submitted to IEEE Trans. Inf. Theor

On Quadratic Inverses for Quadratic Permutation Polynomials over Integer Rings

An interleaver is a critical component for the channel coding performance of turbo codes. Algebraic constructions are of particular interest because they admit analytical designs and simple, practical hardware implementation. Sun and Takeshita have recently shown that the class of quadratic permutation polynomials over integer rings provides excellent performance for turbo codes. In this correspondence, a necessary and sufficient condition is proven for the existence of a quadratic inverse polynomial for a quadratic permutation polynomial over an integer ring. Further, a simple construction is given for the quadratic inverse. All but one of the quadratic interleavers proposed earlier by Sun and Takeshita are found to admit a quadratic inverse, although none were explicitly designed to do so. An explanation is argued for the observation that restriction to a quadratic inverse polynomial does not narrow the pool of good quadratic interleavers for turbo codes.Comment: Submitted as a Correspondence to the IEEE Transactions on Information Theory Submitted : April 1, 2005 Revised : Nov. 15, 200

Turbo codes and turbo algorithms

In the first part of this paper, several basic ideas that prompted the coming of turbo codes are commented on. We then present some personal points of view on the main advances obtained in past years on turbo coding and decoding such as the circular trellis termination of recursive systematic convolutional codes and double-binary turbo codes associated with Max-Log-MAP decoding. A novel evaluation method, called genieinitialised iterative processing (GIIP), is introduced to assess the error performance of iterative processing. We show that using GIIP produces a result that can be viewed as a lower bound of the maximum likelihood iterative decoding and detection performance. Finally, two wireless communication systems are presented to illustrate recent applications of the turbo principle, the first one being multiple-input/multiple-output channel iterative detection and the second one multi-carrier modulation with linear precoding

EQUALISATION TECHNIQUES FOR MULTI-LEVEL DIGITAL MAGNETIC RECORDING

A large amount of research has been put into areas of signal processing, medium design, head and servo-mechanism design and coding for conventional longitudinal as well as perpendicular magnetic recording. This work presents some further investigation in the signal processing and coding aspects of longitudinal and perpendicular digital magnetic recording. The work presented in this thesis is based upon numerical analysis using various simulation methods. The environment used for implementation of simulation models is C/C + + programming. Important results based upon bit error rate calculations have been documented in this thesis. This work presents the new designed Asymmetric Decoder (AD) which is modified to take into account the jitter noise and shows that it has better performance than classical BCJR decoders with the use of Error Correction Codes (ECC). In this work, a new method of designing Generalised Partial Response (GPR) target and its equaliser has been discussed and implemented which is based on maximising the ratio of the minimum squared euclidean distance of the PR target to the noise penalty introduced by the Partial Response (PR) filter. The results show that the new designed GPR targets have consistently better performance in comparison to various GPR targets previously published. Two methods of equalisation including the industry's standard PR, and a novel Soft-Feedback- Equalisation (SFE) have been discussed which are complimentary to each other. The work on SFE, which is a novelty of this work, was derived from the problem of Inter Symbol Interference (ISI) and noise colouration in PR equalisation. This work also shows that multi-level SFE with MAP/BCJR feedback based magnetic recording with ECC has similar performance when compared to high density binary PR based magnetic recording with ECC, thus documenting the benefits of multi-level magnetic recording. It has been shown that 4-level PR based magnetic recording with ECC at half the density of binary PR based magnetic recording has similar performance and higher packing density by a factor of 2. A novel technique of combining SFE and PR equalisation to achieve best ISI cancellation in a iterative fashion has been discussed. A consistent gain of 0.5 dB and more is achieved when this technique is investigated with application of Maximum Transition Run (MTR) codes. As the length of the PR target in PR equalisation increases, the gain achieved using this novel technique consistently increases and reaches up to 1.2 dB in case of EEPR4 target for a bit error rate of 10-5

Performance of turbo coded DS-CDMA systems in correlated and uncorrelated satellite communication channels

Word processed copy.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 82-88).This thesis aims at presenting the perfonnance of turbo codes in the correlated and uncorrelated satellite fading channel. Turbo codes are known to give very good perfonnance results in A WGN channels, especially for very large input message length codes or interleaver sizes. It can be shown that good perfonnance of the turbo codes can be achieved with small interleaver sizes in a satellite channel

Error-Correction Coding and Decoding: Bounds, Codes, Decoders, Analysis and Applications

Coding; Communications; Engineering; Networks; Information Theory; Algorithm