Pattern mining in spatiotemporal database

Ph.DDOCTOR OF PHILOSOPH

Ecotourism in theory and practice : a critical case study of Northern Thailand

This study aims to determine whether ecotourism as currently practices in Northern Thailand conforms to international principles of ecotourism or contributes to sustainability. To achieve the objectives of the study, the methodologies adopted for data collection were: semi-structured interviews and focus groups with local residents and other stakeholders; participant observation; and self-completion visitor surveys. The study first established criteria to assess and evaluate the situation and potential of tourism in the case study communities. Three case studies of Huai Hee in Mae Hong Son province, Umphang in Tak province and Mae Ta Man in Chiang Mai province were investigated to demonstrate the potential and explore the possible merit of ecotourism development in northern Thailand. The selected case studies offer different ownerships, perspectives and approaches of tourism management and operations. The case studies share in common the fact that tourist activities are taking place in the remote areas and operated in a natural environment. The findings revealed that tourism in Northern Thailand was determined as being unsustainable because it does not manifest the core elements of sustainability and does not meet the criteria of international principles of ecotourism. In practice, 'ecotourism' is interpreted and used differently by stakeholders. Both individual ecotourism enterprises and the overall concepts and principles of ecotourism are continually beset by large-scale interests seeking to divert or co-opt them for different purposes. For example, it is used as a means of: marketing strategy to promote ~ourism products; community development and management and conservation of natural resources; and negotiation with the government about land property rights and to mitigate the conflicts between the government and the local people. Ecotourism contributes to local income generation and distribution whilst having potentially impacts on natural resources, culture and society of the host destinations. The study also revealed a lack of educational provision, public participation and cooperation amongst stakeholders in tourism development processes. To achieve sustainability of tourism, the study suggests in addition to unity and clarity of ecotourism definition, a partnership management approach, between the local community, public sector and private tourism entrepreneurs

Gravitational waves and dynamical processes in hot newborn compact stars.

Lau, Hoi Kwan.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2010.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 208-212).Abstracts in English and Chinese.Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1Chapter 1.1 --- Gravitational wave astronomy --- p.1Chapter 1.2 --- Stellar pulsation and gravitational radiation --- p.3Chapter 1.3 --- Outline --- p.5Chapter 2 --- Hydrostatic stellar structure --- p.8Chapter 2.1 --- Structural equation --- p.9Chapter 3 --- Finite temperature equations of state of nuclear matter --- p.13Chapter 3.1 --- Finite temperature ordinary nuclear matter --- p.13Chapter 3.2 --- Strange Quark Matter --- p.15Chapter 3.3 --- Equilibrium and Dynamic EOS --- p.16Chapter 4 --- Stellar pulsation and gravitational radiation --- p.19Chapter 4.1 --- Linearized theory of general relativity --- p.19Chapter 4.2 --- Stellar oscillation --- p.25Chapter 4.3 --- Quasi-normal Mode --- p.28Chapter 4.3.1 --- f mode --- p.29Chapter 4.3.2 --- p mode --- p.29Chapter 4.3.3 --- g mode --- p.30Chapter 4.3.4 --- w mode --- p.31Chapter 5 --- Gravitational wave spectrum of hot compact stars --- p.32Chapter 5.1 --- Numerical results --- p.32Chapter 5.1.1 --- Temperature effect on QNM --- p.32Chapter 5.1.2 --- Temperature effect and QS model --- p.38Chapter 5.1.3 --- QNM shift due to phase transition --- p.41Chapter 5.2 --- Summary and prospective --- p.48Chapter 6 --- Universality of fundamental mode and spacetime mode --- p.50Chapter 6.1 --- Review --- p.50Chapter 6.2 --- Generic proposal of universalities --- p.53Chapter 6.2.1 --- Moment of Inertia --- p.54Chapter 6.2.2 --- Gravitational wave spectrum --- p.57Chapter 6.3 --- Universality on moment of inertia --- p.63Chapter 6.4 --- Origin of universality --- p.70Chapter 6.4.1 --- Tolman VII model --- p.71Chapter 6.4.2 --- Polytropic Model --- p.76Chapter 6.5 --- Application of universality --- p.82Chapter 6.6 --- Summary --- p.89Chapter 7 --- Quark star properties and gravity mode oscillation --- p.92Chapter 7.1 --- Introduction --- p.92Chapter 7.2 --- g mode frequencies of quark stars --- p.94Chapter 7.2.1 --- Temperature profile and p mode frequency --- p.96Chapter 7.2.2 --- Strange quark mass and Yp mode frequency --- p.104Chapter 7.3 --- Summary --- p.108Chapter 8 --- Gravitational radiation excitation by infalling shell --- p.111Chapter 8.1 --- Introduction --- p.111Chapter 8.2 --- Formalism --- p.116Chapter 8.2.1 --- Connection between star and vacuum --- p.117Chapter 8.2.2 --- Matter source --- p.121Chapter 8.2.3 --- Geodesic --- p.124Chapter 8.2.4 --- Source of infalling dust shell --- p.126Chapter 8.2.5 --- Green's function --- p.127Chapter 8.3 --- Gravitational Wave excitation by collapsing shell --- p.130Chapter 8.4 --- Features of radiation --- p.138Chapter 8.4.1 --- Power spectrum --- p.138Chapter 8.4.2 --- Wave function --- p.144Chapter 8.4.3 --- Energy of excitation --- p.147Chapter 8.5 --- Non-adiabatic oscillation --- p.153Chapter 8.5.1 --- Mathematical Background --- p.154Chapter 8.5.2 --- Numerical results --- p.158Chapter 8.6 --- General relativistic simulation --- p.163Chapter 8.6.1 --- Technical briefing --- p.163Chapter 8.6.2 --- Numerical results --- p.166Chapter 8.7 --- Summary --- p.174Chapter 9 --- Conclusion and remarks --- p.178Chapter A --- Unit conversions --- p.183Chapter B --- Series expansion of quark star EOS --- p.185Chapter C --- Accuracy of simplified mode extraction scheme --- p.188Chapter D --- Computation of moment of inertia --- p.193Chapter E --- Comment of exactness of inference scheme --- p.195Chapter E.1 --- Precision of the mass inferred --- p.195Chapter E.2 --- Accuracy of universality combinations --- p.199Chapter F --- Calculation of sound speed --- p.202Chapter G --- Mode extraction of non-adiabatic oscillation --- p.204Bibliography --- p.20

Environmental Aspects of Zoonotic Diseases

Environmental Aspects of Zoonotic Diseases provides a definitive description, commentary and research needs of environmental aspects related to zoonotic diseases. There are many interrelated connections between the environment and zoonotic diseases such as: water, soil, air and agriculture. The book presents investigations of these connections, with specific reference to environmental processes such as: deforestation, floods, draughts, irrigation practices, soil transfer and their impact on bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitological spread. Environmental aspects such as climate (tropical, sub-tropical, temperate, arid and semi-arid), developed and undeveloped countries, animal traffic animal border crossing, commercial animal trade, transportation, as well geography and weather on zoonosis, are also discussed and relevant scientific data is condensed and organized in order to give a better picture of interrelationship between the environment and current spread of zoonotic diseases