4,858 research outputs found

    A study of Beethoven’s Symphony No.5 c-minor Op.67 (Fate)\nused as standard teaching material in a junior high school music class

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    As part of junior high school music education in Japan, both standard singing teaching materials and standard listening teaching materials have been assigned according to successive Department of Education directives (1958, 1969, 1977, and 1989). However, these were not specified for the 1998 directive on teaching guidelines. For the 2008 guidelines, seven compositions by Japanese composers remain, but directives regarding standard listening teaching materials were not included. Among the previous directives (1977, 1989) Beethoven’s Symphony No.5 c-minor Op.67 (named ‘Fate’ in Japan) was assigned as part of the curriculum for both second grade students. This paper will attempt to examine the adequacy of descriptions of this Beethoven’s symphony in three textbooks assigned as part of music education in Japan

    平成24年学外研究活動報告

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    平成24年学外研究活動報告

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    Global Risks 2012, Seventh Edition

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    The World Economic Forum's Global Risks 2012 report is based on a survey of 469 experts from industry, government, academia and civil society that examines 50 global risks across five categories. The report emphasizes the singular effect of a particular constellation of global risks rather than focusing on a single existential risk. Three distinct constellations of risks that present a very serious threat to our future prosperity and security emerged from a review of this year's set of risks. Includes a special review of the important lessons learned from the 2011 earthquake, tsunami and the subsequent nuclear crisis at Fukushima, Japan. It focuses on therole of leadership, challenges to effective communication in this information age and resilient business models in response to crises of unforeseen magnitude

    A review about the use of volunteered geographic information for supporting decision-making in disaster management

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    The frequency of disaster events has highlighted the need to adopt measures that can enable communities to deal with them and reduce the damage they cause. The combination of Spatial Decision Support Systems (SDSS) and Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) raises numerous opportunities for supporting decision-making, and thus minimizing the impacts of the disaster. However, the literature still lacks research that investigates how this combination has been done until now. In this context, the purpose of this paper is to tackle this problem by employing a review methodology based on the steps defined for the systematic mapping study. The results showed that the use of VGI in decision-making has been growing over the last years. Moreover, the use of collaborative platforms (e.g. OpenStreetMap) still showing up as a promising field of research, mainly because only a few studies in this topic were found in this work. La frecuencia de los desastres ha puesto de manifiesto la necesidad de adoptar medidas que permitan a las comunidades afrontarlos y reducir los daños que causan. La combinación de Sistemas de Apoyo a la Decisión Espacial (SDSS, por sus siglas en inglés) e Información Geográfica Voluntaria (VGI , por sus siglas en inglés) brinda numerosas oportunidades para apoyar la toma de decisiones y, por lo tanto, minimizar los impactos del desastre. Sin embargo, la literatura aún carece de trabajos que investiguen cómo se ha realizado esta combinación hasta ahora. En este contexto, el propósito de este trabajo es abordar este problema empleando una metodología de revisión basada en los pasos definidos para el estudio de mapeo sistemático. Los resultados mostraron que el uso de VGI en la toma de decisiones ha ido creciendo en los últimos años. Además, el uso de plataformas colaborativas (por ejemplo, OpenStreetMap) sigue apareciendo como un campo de investigación prometedor, principalmente porque en este trabajo solo se encontraron unos pocos estudios sobre este tema. A frequência na ocorrência de desastres tem destacado a necessidade de adotar medidas que permitam às comunidades lidar com os eventos, bem como reduzir os danos potenciais. A combinação de Sistemas de Apoio à Decisão Espacial (SDSS) e Informação Geográfica Voluntária (VGI) traz inúmeras oportunidades de apoio à tomada de decisão, minimizando assim os impactos do desastre. No entanto, a literatura ainda carece de pesquisas que investiguem como essa combinação tem sido feita até agora. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste artigo é abordar esse problema por meio de uma metodologia de revisão baseada nas etapas definidas em um mapeamento sistemático. Os resultados mostraram que o uso do VGI na tomada de decisão vem crescendo nos últimos anos. Além disso, o uso de plataformas colaborativas (e.g., OpenStreetMap) ainda se mostra como um campo de pesquisa promissor, principalmente porque poucos estudos neste tópico foram encontrados neste trabalho

    Micro-blogging Contesting Modernities: Producing and Remembering Public Events in Contemporary Chinese Social Media Platforms

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    How does journalism empower citizens through reporting and remembering news events, as they take shape in the era of social media in a society where the state power penetrates every aspect of social life and freedom of expression is not legally guaranteed? This inquiry is implemented through looking at the contemporary Chinese context, examining three sets of tensions that capture the characteristics of social media platforms: control/resistance, past/present, and global/local. It analyzes journalism and its reliance on collective memory in social media, by considering social media as an important venue where journalism interacts with other sets of discourses in a tradition of absolute state power. My study shows that in China, a society that enjoys a limited free flow of information, journalism uses social media platforms to mobilize symbolic resources for online activism targeting the Party-state system. These symbolic resources mainly derive from the past, both inside and beyond the Chinese context, leading to a debate of different versions of modernity in China. This is a study that spans three years along with the development of Sina Weibo (now Weibo), a micro-blogging service provided by Sina.com, one of the major Chinese portal websites. I argue that social media complicate the landscape of journalism, by taking a balancing position between market interests and political safety. In particular, micro-blogging has blurred the conventional distinction between professional and citizen journalism. Instead, the institutional and personal journalistic practices are working together contest censorship via social media platforms. Social media opens up spaces for journalists and ordinary citizens to rewrite history, and to use various resources provided by the past to criticize the present Party-state system and struggle for journalistic freedom. The global-local exchange of news and memory via social media platforms brings about a new version of Chinese identity, competing with the version promoted by the Party-state in contemporary social transition, and urging a thorough political reform to reach the goal of a civilized nation. Social media, as shown in the case of Weibo, reflect the conflicting views of China\u27s route to modernity--the debate between Chinese characteristics and universal values, which produces the meanings of a modern Chinese nation and raises the relevance of citizenship. This conflict is situated in the complexities of historical and contemporary social transitions and China\u27s dilemma in the embracing of a global world

    Temporal models for mining, ranking and recommendation in the Web

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    Due to their first-hand, diverse and evolution-aware reflection of nearly all areas of life, heterogeneous temporal datasets i.e., the Web, collaborative knowledge bases and social networks have been emerged as gold-mines for content analytics of many sorts. In those collections, time plays an essential role in many crucial information retrieval and data mining tasks, such as from user intent understanding, document ranking to advanced recommendations. There are two semantically closed and important constituents when modeling along the time dimension, i.e., entity and event. Time is crucially served as the context for changes driven by happenings and phenomena (events) that related to people, organizations or places (so-called entities) in our social lives. Thus, determining what users expect, or in other words, resolving the uncertainty confounded by temporal changes is a compelling task to support consistent user satisfaction. In this thesis, we address the aforementioned issues and propose temporal models that capture the temporal dynamics of such entities and events to serve for the end tasks. Specifically, we make the following contributions in this thesis: (1) Query recommendation and document ranking in the Web - we address the issues for suggesting entity-centric queries and ranking effectiveness surrounding the happening time period of an associated event. In particular, we propose a multi-criteria optimization framework that facilitates the combination of multiple temporal models to smooth out the abrupt changes when transitioning between event phases for the former and a probabilistic approach for search result diversification of temporally ambiguous queries for the latter. (2) Entity relatedness in Wikipedia - we study the long-term dynamics of Wikipedia as a global memory place for high-impact events, specifically the reviving memories of past events. Additionally, we propose a neural network-based approach to measure the temporal relatedness of entities and events. The model engages different latent representations of an entity (i.e., from time, link-based graph and content) and use the collective attention from user navigation as the supervision. (3) Graph-based ranking and temporal anchor-text mining inWeb Archives - we tackle the problem of discovering important documents along the time-span ofWeb Archives, leveraging the link graph. Specifically, we combine the problems of relevance, temporal authority, diversity and time in a unified framework. The model accounts for the incomplete link structure and natural time lagging in Web Archives in mining the temporal authority. (4) Methods for enhancing predictive models at early-stage in social media and clinical domain - we investigate several methods to control model instability and enrich contexts of predictive models at the “cold-start” period. We demonstrate their effectiveness for the rumor detection and blood glucose prediction cases respectively. Overall, the findings presented in this thesis demonstrate the importance of tracking these temporal dynamics surround salient events and entities for IR applications. We show that determining such changes in time-based patterns and trends in prevalent temporal collections can better satisfy user expectations, and boost ranking and recommendation effectiveness over time

    Global Risks 2014, Ninth Edition.

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    The Global Risks 2014 report highlights how global risks are not only interconnected but also have systemic impacts. To manage global risks effectively and build resilience to their impacts, better efforts are needed to understand, measure and foresee the evolution of interdependencies between risks, supplementing traditional risk-management tools with new concepts designed for uncertain environments. If global risks are not effectively addressed, their social, economic and political fallouts could be far-reaching, as exemplified by the continuing impacts of the financial crisis of 2007-2008

    Invisible Reconstruction

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    What does it really mean to reconstruct a city after a natural, biological or man-made disaster? Is the repair and reinstatement of buildings and infrastructure sufficient without the mending of social fabric? The authors of this volume believe that the true measure of success should be societal. After all, a city without people is no city at all. Invisible Reconstruction takes the view that effective disaster mitigation and recovery require interdisciplinary tactics. Historian Lucia Patrizio Gunning and urbanist Paola Rizzi expand beyond the confines of individual disciplines or disaster studies to bring together academics and practitioners from a wide variety of disciplines, comparing strategies and outcomes in different scenarios and cultures from South America, Europe and Asia. From cultural heritage and public space to education and participation, contributors reflect on the interconnection of people, culture and environment and on constructive approaches to strengthening the intangible ties to increase resilience and reduce vulnerability. By bringing practical examples of how communities and individuals have reacted to or prepared for disaster, the publication proposes a shift in public policy to ensure that essential physical reinforcement and rebuilding are matched by attention to societal needs. Invisible Reconstruction is essential reading for policymakers, academics and practitioners working to reduce the impact of natural, biological and man-made disaster or to improve post-disaster recovery
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