The Economical feasibility of computer-to-plate technology for use in magazine production

Computer-to-Plate (CTP) technology has been used for newspaper and book production and been proved successful by several print houses. However these publications are mostly printed with less color and advertisments. Therefore, these fit into the niche market of CTP technolo gy. What about magazine production? Since magazine production normally requires more color, more advertisements, higher quality, can we still make profits from this new idea without a resulting loss of quality? State-of-the-art CTP technology is capable of producing high quality images, and large format. The time savings and labor savings are the biggest advantages. In addition to this, side profits like environmental improvement may bring the graphic arts industry a new face. However, instant change of workflow for magazine production is not possible. Meantime, advertising suppliers are still providing films for combining with editorial pages. The process of translating analog format to digital format is the biggest drawback. This translation step will be continued until the change over of production workflow, which will involve advertising suppliers providing digital file instead of films. For this purpose, lots of efforts have been made through the development of Digital Distribution of Advertising for Publications (DDAP), a graphic arts industry initiative whereby public domain accredited standards for the open process integration inherent to the structure of developing and delivering digital advertising material For example, the file standard for data compression and data transfer has been specified. This will help to promote the development of CTP technology. Many articles have discussed the advantages and disadvantages of CTP technology and promoted that CTP is definitely the future of graphic arts technology. Few of them really go into detail to provide the real figures of how much savings we can make from CTP compared to conventional methods, or how much capital investments are needed for this system. The objective of this paper is to find the cost differences of capital invest ment, material cost, labor savings and time savings. Data of material costs will mainly be collected from library research, or interviews with manufacturers. Data then will be organized and analyzed. The conclusion will provide a clear picture of economic realities of CTP through these calculations and comparisons

Digital watermarking and novel security devices

EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Survey of multi-function display and control technology

The NASA orbiter spacecraft incorporates a complex array of systems, displays and controls. The incorporation of discrete dedicated controls into a multi-function display and control system (MFDCS) offers the potential for savings in weight, power, panel space and crew training time. The technology applicable to the development of a MFDCS for orbiter application is surveyed. Technology thought to be applicable presently or in the next five years is highlighted. Areas discussed include display media, data handling and processing, controls and operator interactions and the human factors considerations which are involved in a MFDCS design. Several examples of applicable MFDCS technology are described

Investigation of Photopolymer-based Holographic Optical Elements for Solar Applications

The aim of this research was to explore the potential of photopolymer Holographic Optical Elements (HOE) for use in the collection of light from a moving source, such as the sun, and its direction into a fixed detector/convertor for application in solar concentrators. In order to increase the acceptance angle and the wavelength range of operation of the holographic device, low spatial frequency holographic recording was explored. The challenge was to record high diffraction efficiency HOEs at this spatial frequency, since it requires a material with relatively fast monomer diffusion. The acrylamide-based photopolymer developed at the Centre for Industrial and Engineering Optics has been selected, because it has previously shown such diffusion properties. In order to achieve large acceptance angle, the theoretical modelling of the angular and wavelength selectivity of the HOEs was carried out. The theoretical results confirmed that the gratings with just a few hundred lines per mili meter were of most interest in this study because the selectivity is lower

Digital photography and the dynamics of technology innovation

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design & Management Program, 2002.Includes bibliographical references (leaf 96).Companies heavily and successfully invested in traditional technologies (defenders) often find it difficult to make the transitions to new disruptive technologies, in spite of technological competence and clear opportunity to do so. The core competencies that enabled the firm to excel under the old paradigms become core rigidities when faced with the need to address technological discontinuities. Products like digital still cameras, DSCs, represent the convergence of multiple rapidly changing technologies in electronics, optics, computers, networks, and software. The emergence and adoption of digital still photography both accompanies and defines a new paradigm in the sharing of images as it attempts to both emulate and replace the previous modalities while creating new market-expanding opportunities. The emergence of digital still photography has been predicted and promised for several decades. Indeed, it has already managed to replace silver halide altogether in certain market segments previously relied upon by conventional photography firms, and is at present extending beyond the early adopter stage in the broader consumer market. It is a current example of innovation and technological discontinuity, and one that has enough history to permit analysis. It poses a real potential disruptive threat to the incumbent players, some of which have succumbed while others apparently succeeded. This thesis studies the relationships between the development of the composite technologies in digital photography, the environment in which they operate, the emergence of dominant designs, market diffusion, and the strategies for success employed by leading participants. In the process of studying patterns of entry and exit firms and a detailed look at their products, evidence of a dominant design and support in this industry for the Abernathy and Utterback model of industrial innovation is uncovered. Also revealed is a second wave of innovation in the DSC industry that is firmly established and suggests the onset of a Christiansen-style disruptive dynamic. By studying this specific technological discontinuity in the context of the broader patterns, lessons in adapting to technological change in general are learned.by J. Peter Zelten.S.M

Martian orbital photographic study Technical summary report

Objectives and instrumentation for Mars orbital photographic experimen

Program on application of communication satellites to educational development. Communication media and educational technology: An overview and assessment with reference to communication satellites

Technology assessment of communication media and educational technology including future trends utilizing communication satellites, television, and computer-assisted instructio

Roadmap on holography

From its inception holography has proven an extremely productive and attractive area of research. While specific technical applications give rise to 'hot topics', and three-dimensional (3D) visualisation comes in and out of fashion, the core principals involved continue to lead to exciting innovations in a wide range of areas. We humbly submit that it is impossible, in any journal document of this type, to fully reflect current and potential activity; however, our valiant contributors have produced a series of documents that go no small way to neatly capture progress across a wide range of core activities. As editors we have attempted to spread our net wide in order to illustrate the breadth of international activity. In relation to this we believe we have been at least partially successful.This work was supported by Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (Spain) under projects FIS2017-82919-R (MINECO/AEI/FEDER, UE) and FIS2015-66570-P (MINECO/FEDER), and by Generalitat Valenciana (Spain) under project PROMETEO II/2015/015

A New Versatile Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometer For Vibration Measurements

Electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI) has been widely used for vibration amplitude and phase measurements. Conventional ESPI systems are bulk and expensive and need careful alignment of all the optical components which is a time consuming task. To overcome these problems alternative compact ESPI systems were developed using fibre-optical components or holographic optical elements (HOEs). The fibre-optic based ESPI systems suffer from random phase fluctuations induced by environmental temperature changes. Hence HOEs can be used as more powerful alternative optical elements to design ESPI systems. The time average ESPI method is widely used for vibration studies. The time average method combined with phase stepping can be used for automatic vibration measurements. Using this technique higher vibration amplitudes cannot be measured because fringe patterns follow Bessel function intensity distribution. To overcome this problem an alternative technique can be used by modulating the phase of the reference beam in an unbalanced interferometer. This thesis reports a novel ESPI system for vibration measurements by combining use of holographic optical elements (HOEs) and optical path length modulation (reference beam phase modulation). The optical path length modulation is implemented using laser diode wavelength (frequency) modulation. Different HOE based ESPI systems are reported in this thesis using either a single HOE or dual HOE. This thesis examines performance of different HOE based ESPI systems that are sensitive to out-of-plane displacement components using laser diodes operating either in the near infrared or visible electromagnetic spectrum. Vibration modes of a circular metal plate clamped at the edges of a loud speaker and a circular metal plate driven by a piezoelectric actuator (PZT) were studied using a single RHOE based ESPI system and a hybrid (transmission HOE with a partially reflecting mirror) HOE based ESPI system respectively using a near infrared laser diode (763nm). Optical path length modulation technique was implemented using a laser diode operating in visible electromagnetic spectrum (658nm). Vibration mode patterns of a circular metal plate driven by a PZT actuator were obtained using both single RHOE and dual HOE based ESPI systems. Using optical path length modulation technique in a dual HOE based ESPI system detailed phase and amplitude maps of a circular metal plate driven by a PZT actuator are obtained. The dual HOE based ESPI system was also used for measuring roations of a circular metal plate mounted on a mirror mount. In conclusion we have developed a compact HOE based ESPI system to conduct vibration measurements. A few potential future developments are also suggested at the end of the thesis