DIGITALLY ENABLED GRASSROOTS ENTERPRENEURSHIP FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT

ICT has been promoted as a way out of deprivation for rural residents who continue to suffer from a limited access to social-economic developments. However, less is understood about how a marginalized community can drive its own development. Simultaneously, the focus on ICT in developing context has eclipsed the study of ICT for development in existing literature. These observations underscore the need for this study that explores the use of ICT for grassroots entrepreneurship through the phenomenal rise of China Taobao E-commerce Village. Through an in-depth case study, we propose the concept of digitally enabled grassroots entrepreneurship that (1) contributes to the existing ICT4D literature by explicating the roles of ICT (e-commerce) in driving the grassroots entrepreneurship through the emergence of an entrepreneurial ecosystem for a self-driven development, and (2) delineates the process of digitally enabled development beyond the provision of the Internet and infrastructure by presenting the development stages of digitally enabled grassroots entrepreneurship through the opportunity exploitation and opportunity exploration of business, knowledge, and institutional entrepreneurship. The findings also provide a reference point for practitioners to reconsider the external intervention-based development approach

Innovate or copy: a qualitative document analysis to entrepreneurship in developing countries

There is a consensus that entrepreneurs need to come up with new ideas, new products and services and organizing methods to be successful in their new ventures. However, entrepreneurship doesn't necessarily need to invent, but take an existing idea and make it better. The advent of digital technologies has provided entrepreneurs with myriad opportunities to be creative and create new ventures. The rise and growth of born digital organizations such as Uber, Airbnb and Alibaba.com are strongly attributed to the advancements in technologies. In this research, by conducting a qualitative document analysis for twenty-five South Asian start-ups, we explore how idea generation occurs in entrepreneurs in developing countries. The study contributes to the academia and practice by introducing four idea generation strategies executed by entrepreneurs in developing countries

The Effects of Country of Origin, Consumer Ethnocentrism and Consumer Animosity on Product Preference and Willingness to Buy

This study’s primary aim is to explain Urban Adult Chinese Consumers’ preference between foreign and Chinese products. It examines how Country of Origin (COO), Consumer Ethnocentrism (CE) and Consumer Animosity (CA) influence Urban Adult Chinese Consumers’ product preference and willingness to buy. The existing knowledge is divided on this issue. By reviewing the relevant literature, it is clear that there are two completely different approaches of investigating the impact of COO on Chinese consumers. The researcher of this current study classified the two opposing methods as ‘the simplistic approach’ and ‘the cautious approach’. Studies follow ‘the simplistic approach’ firmly believe Chinese consumers overwhelmingly evaluate foreign products positively and they have a strong preference for foreign products. Research follows ‘the cautious approach’ argues that Chinese consumers’ complexity and internal differences cannot be ignored, some of them prefer Chinese products and they cannot be simply considered as in favour of foreign products. Past studies all concluded that Chinese consumers hold low to moderate level of CE beliefs. However, two investigations concluded Chinese consumers harbour strong animosity towards the Japanese. This study follows the philosophical understanding of pragmatism. The research questions are the most important factors that determine the research strategy and quantitative and qualitative methods can complement each other to address the research problem. This study employs a concurrent embedded mixed methods research strategy that consists of a street survey and semi-structured interviews. Due to the distribution pattern of the quantitative data, this study used non-parametric analysis methods including: Chi-Square Test for Independence, Spearman’s Rank Order Correlations, Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis Test. The qualitative section of the investigation focuses on four issues: how Urban Adult Chinese Consumers (UACC) determine whether a product is foreign or Chinese, sources and background of animosity, the impact of domestic alternatives and areas for Chinese products to improve. This study discovered that UACC’s preference between foreign and Chinese products remain divided. They cannot be simply considered overwhelmingly in favour of foreign products or prefer Chinese products. For those UACC have a preference for foreign products, quality and design are the main two reasons. Desire to support China’s domestic industry and patriotism are the main driving forces behind some UACC’s preference of Chinese products. UACC holds low to moderate level of CE beliefs, which suggests they are worldminded consumers that capable of evaluate foreign products based on merits, without strong negative bias. UACC have strong animosity towards the Japanese, but antagonistic sentiments towards the Americans and French are relatively low. There are complex sources of animosity and this study identified a wide range of factors that contributed to UACC’s strong animosity towards the Japanese. The main area of original contribution of this study concentrates on Consumer Animosity. It discovered a wide range of sources of animosity towards the Japanese and constructed an enhanced animosity model

Rio 2016: an assessment of the impacts of the Olympic Games on health and physical activity of women living in a low socio-economic status community

In 2016, the XXXI Summer Olympic Games took place in Rio de Janeiro. In line with the bidding procedure and the hope for an Olympic legacy, the Brazilian government and the Rio de Janeiro City Council made commitments to deliver lasting improvements to the city’s residents. These improvements relate to infrastructure like transport and facilities, but also residents’ health and well-being. Such health benefits, in particular those concerning physical activity (PA), were promised to be delivered through national and regional policies and interventions. According to official documents, changes would begin to be implemented in the years preceding the Games and one of the legacy promises was to use the event to stimulate people to engage in LTPA/sport. The main purpose of this thesis was therefore to assess the impact of the 2016 Olympic Games on LTPA/sport participation of the local population. Specifically, the investigation focused on women living in Cidade de Deus, a low socio economic status (SES) community located closely to the Olympic park. A mixed-methods design using document analyses, interviews, observations and a questionnaire were used to produce data. The results of the investigation provided insights into sport policies delivered for this low income community, the physical environment for the practice of LTPA and sport available in Cidade de Deus, the PA patterns of women from this community and how public health discourses concerning health and PA have a significant impact in shaping the health and PA discourses of these women

Institutional entrepreneurship in the creative industry in an emerging market : a study of the fashion sector in Bandung, Indonesia

By spotlighting the creative fashion industry in an Indonesian city, Bandung, this study explores the underdeveloped institutional environment faced by the fashion industry actors, strategies taken by the fashion industry actors to deal with the underdeveloped institutional environment, the actors who play the roles of institutional entrepreneurs, and the nature of institutional work carried out by these institutional entrepreneurs. This exploratory research relies on a multiple case study approach by conducting in-depth interviews and documentary analysis. It is demonstrated in this study that Bandung’s fashion industry originated from communities’ creativity in showing their own identities through fashion. Fashion products based on the spirit of independence became a trend over time, along with the process of fashion brand creation by micro and small-scale enterprises, which acted as an inspiration for many youth communities to undergo a similar process. Some of these fashion brand creators also established an informal association that helped the fashion industry actors to deal with problematic institutional conditions. Furthermore, to make a greater impact on the city level, a forum that consisted of 50 communities initiated a creative economy development. It is argued in this study that this initiative spanned an institutional void related to creative economy development in Bandung. This study offers a contextualized understanding of how the fashion industry actors in Bandung, Indonesia, coped with the underdeveloped institutional environment. They were conducting practices that spanned institutional voids and resulted in new arrangements. This study develops an explanatory framework of institutional entrepreneurship in the fashion industry in an emerging market economy, hence it advances the study of institutional entrepreneurship and institutional work in the context of emerging markets

Abstracts & Author Biographies for Textile Society of America, \u3ci\u3e15th Biennial Symposium (2016): Crosscurrents: Land, Labor, and the Port\u3c/i\u3e

Dr. Heather J Abdelnur, Ph.D. Reena Aggarwal Patricia Alvarez Cecilia Anderson Emily Anderson Lynne Anderson Jaiya A Anka Adebowale Biodun Areo and Margaret Olugbemisola Areo Margaret Olugbemisola Areo and Adebowale Biodun Areo David Arrellanes Jenny Balfour-Paul Suzi Ballenger Ruth Barnes Jody Benjamin Carole F. Bennett Julie Berman Noga Bernstein Medha Bhatt Amy Bogansky Elaine Bourque Laurie A Brewer Carrie Brezine Donna Brown Sarah S. Broomfield Susan Brown Heather R Buechler Shelby A Burchett Tara R Bursey Bonnie S. Carter Nynne J Christoffersen Laura Cochrane Lia Cook Françoise Cousin Jamie Credle Maria Curtis Pamela I Cyril-Egware Sonja K Dahl Mary Lou Davis Virginia Davis Deborah Deacon Alejandro B. de Avila Corinne Debaine-Francfort Amanda J Denham Sophie Desrosiers Sophie Desrosiers & Corinne Debaine-Francfort Sudha Dhingra Textile Crafts of India Katharine A. Diuguid Sharon Donnan Frances Dorsey and Robin E. Muller Sharmila Dua Maximilien Durand Mercedes Durant Philippe Dwyer and Rebecca. A. Zerby Eiluned M Edwards Benjamin Ehlers Catharine Ellis Deborah L Emmett Emily A. Engel and Maya Stanfield-Mazzi Leila Eslami Shirazi Faegheh Sarah E. Fee Andrea V Feeser Blenda Femenías Chriztine Foltz Cynthia Fowler Kate Frederick Gao Xia Carolina Gana and Lynne Jenkins Amalia Ramírez Garayza Jenny Garwood Alison A. Gates Surabhi Ghosh Rachel Green Gaby Greenlee Anu H Gupta and Shalina Mehta Thea Haines Louise Hamby and Valerie Kirk Karen Hampton Michaela Hansen Donna Hardy Joan G Hart Kimberly Hart Andrea M. Heckman Sandra L Heffernan Jan Heister Sarah Held Angela Hennesy Ines Hinojosa and Laurie Wilkins Memory Holloway Sylvia W Houghteling Kate Irvin Carol James Janis Jefferies Janis K Jefferies and Barbara Layne Lynne Jenkins and Carolina EunKyung (E.K.) Jeong Donald Clay Johnson Susan Kaiser and Minjung E Lee Jean L Kares Anjali Karolia Hiroko Karuno Alice Kettle Rebecca J. Keyel Valerie Kirk and Louise Hamby Jeana Eve Klein Sirpa Kokko and Riikka H Räisänen Studia Vernacula Deborah E Kraak Sumru B Krody Wendy S Landry Eleanor A Laughlin Minjung E Lee and Susan Kaiser V Margaret L Leininger Margaret L Leininger Tasha Lewis and Helen Trejo The Cultivator Transactions of the New York Agricultural Society The National Wool Grower American Sheep Industry Christina Lindholm Christina Lindholm Mary A Littrell David Loranger and Eulanda Sanders Shannon C Ludington Joanne Lukacher Caitrin Lynch Suzanne P MacAulay Louise M Macul Jane A Malcolm-Davies Kathleen Mangan Lavanya Mani Diana Marks Dawn G. Marsh Christine Martens Marcella Martin Bettina L Matzkuhn Suzanne H McDowell Julia McHugh MacKenzie Moon Ryan Anu H Gupta and Shalina Mehta Karina R Melati Perette E Michelli Eric Mindling Kate Mitchell Rebecca J Summerour and Dana Moffett Robin Muller and Frances Dorsey Hiroshi Murase Vasantha Muthian Willian Nassu Jeff Neale Sumiyo Okumura Fannie Ouyang Ava B Pandiani Slit Tapestry Red/Green Raksha Parekh Teresa A Paschke Pooja R. Pawar Karin E Peterson and Leisa Rundquist Amanda H Phillips Everyday Luxuries Paul Pressly Amy Putansu Riikka H Räisänen and Sirpa Kokko Uthra D Rajgopal Annie Ringuedé Kirsty M Robertson Lesli Robertson Regina A Root Nancy B Rosoff Ann P Rowe Leisa Rundquist and Karin E Peterson Katie M Sabo Stephanie Sabo Shohrat S. Saiyed Eulanda Sanders and David Loranger and Donna R. Danielson Laura I Sansone Joan Saverino Jessica L. Shaykett Jess Sheehan Lacy M Simkowitz Ruth Katzenstein Souza Carmela Spinelli Jeffrey C Splitstoser Maya Stanfield-Mazzi and Emily A. Engel Kathleen A Staples Laurie Carlson Steger Brooks Harris Stevens Cathy Stevulak Rebecca J Summerour and Dana Moffett Maleyne M Syracuse Helen Trejo and Tasha Lewis Kelly Thompson Linda J Thorsen Lynn C Tinley Tomoko Torimaru Helen Trejo Marta D. Turok Deborah Valoma Lisa M VandenBerghe Storm Janse van Rensburg Pauline M Verbeek-Cowart Belinda J. von Mengersen Lisa Vinebaum Yoshiko Wada Mary E Walker Sera J Waters Melinda Watt Marcia Weiss Susanna White Namita Wiggers Laurie Wilkins and Ines Hinojosa Robin B. Williams Liz Williamson Kathleen Curtis Wilson Christine A Wiltshier Charlotte Wittmann Sarah J Worden Ayşem Yanar Rebecca A. Zerby and Philippe Dwyer Callen Zimmerman Stephanie Zollinger Martha Zunig

Istanbul of networks: space, technology, and governance

This dissertation explores the promises and politics of networking in the globalizing city Istanbul, Turkey. It focuses on organizations of governance and struggle in relation to technological practices involving information communication technologies (ICTs) as well as discourses of networking inspired by ICTs. The question this dissertation seeks to answer is: how do discourses and practices of networking generate new models and mechanisms for urban governance and participation in the global city, yet simultaneously animate searches for, and enactments of, alternative trajectories of urban transformation? In more abstract terms, this dissertation inquires into the possibilities and limitations of participation and citizenship in the global city. To answer my question, I focus on two governance projects that underscore Istanbul's transformation into a global city: the information society project and the creative city project. Both these projects rely on networked formations of governance in which non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and self-organizing communities play key roles. Involved NGOs stimulate communities to acquire and produce new sets of skills and knowledge in preparation for what these NGOs take to be the necessities of the immanent future. In doing so, these NGOs integrate these communities with globalizing forms of labor, consumption, and citizenship. However, in the process, undermining a fixed division between more established civil society and forms of resistance, discourses and practices of networking also produce communities as entities endowed with a degree of political authority and with capabilities to not just adjust to but also appropriate and repurpose the technologies, discourses, and logics of the so-called information society and creative city. Against accounts of a homogenizing process of globalization, I show that the modalities of power that order the spaces of the global city and its technological modernity do not come strictly from above or from elsewhere. Rather, they are produced within complex contextual relations; they work through specific logics and are mediated by particular forms.Doctor of Philosoph

Semantic discovery and reuse of business process patterns

Patterns currently play an important role in modern information systems (IS) development and their use has mainly been restricted to the design and implementation phases of the development lifecycle. Given the increasing significance of business modelling in IS development, patterns have the potential of providing a viable solution for promoting reusability of recurrent generalized models in the very early stages of development. As a statement of research-in-progress this paper focuses on business process patterns and proposes an initial methodological framework for the discovery and reuse of business process patterns within the IS development lifecycle. The framework borrows ideas from the domain engineering literature and proposes the use of semantics to drive both the discovery of patterns as well as their reuse