134 research outputs found

    A study and some experimental work of digital image and video watermarking

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    The rapid growth of digitized media and the emergence of digital networks have created a pressing need for copyright protection and anonymous communications schemes. Digital watermarking (or data hiding in a more general term) is a kind of steganography technique by adding information into a digital data stream. Several most important watermarking schemes applied to multilevel and binary still images and digital videos were studied. They include schemes based on DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform), DWT (Discrete Wavelet Transform), and fractal transforms. The question whether these invisible watermarking techniques can resolve the issue of rightful ownership of intellectual properties was discussed. The watermarking schemes were further studied from malicious attack point of view, which is considered an effective way to advance the watermarking techniques. In particular, the StirMark robustness tests based on geometrical distortion were carried out. A binary watermarking scheme applied in the DCT domain is presented in this research project. The effect of the binarization procedure necessarily encountered in dealing with binary document images is found so strong that most of conventional embedding schemes fail in dealing with watermarking of binary document images. Some particular measures have to be taken. The initial simulation results indicate that the proposed technique is promising though further efforts need to be made

    Work design improvement at Miroad Rubber Industries Sdn. Bhd.

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    Erul Food Industries known as Salaiport Industry is a family-owned company and was established on July 2017. Salaiport Industry apparently moved to a new place at Pedas, Negeri Sembilan. Previously, Salaiport Industry operated in-house located at Pagoh, Johor. This small company major business is producing frozen smoked beef, smoked quail, smoke catfish and smoked duck. The main frozen product is smoked beef. The frozen smoked meat produced by Salaiport Industry is depending on customer demands. Usually the company produce 40 kg to 60 kg a day and operated between for four days until five days. Therefore, the company produce approximately around 80 kg to 120 kg per week. The company usually take 2 days for 1 complete cycle for the production as the first day the company will only receive the meat from the supplier and freeze the meat for use of tomorrow

    Using Digital Watermarking for Copyright Protection

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    A Comprehensive Review on Digital Image Watermarking

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    The advent of the Internet led to the easy availability of digital data like images, audio, and video. Easy access to multimedia gives rise to the issues such as content authentication, security, copyright protection, and ownership identification. Here, we discuss the concept of digital image watermarking with a focus on the technique used in image watermark embedding and extraction of the watermark. The detailed classification along with the basic characteristics, namely visual imperceptibility, robustness, capacity, security of digital watermarking is also presented in this work. Further, we have also discussed the recent application areas of digital watermarking such as healthcare, remote education, electronic voting systems, and the military. The robustness is evaluated by examining the effect of image processing attacks on the signed content and the watermark recoverability. The authors believe that the comprehensive survey presented in this paper will help the new researchers to gather knowledge in this domain. Further, the comparative analysis can enkindle ideas to improve upon the already mentioned techniques

    Compression Technique Using DCT & Fractal Compression: A Survey

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    Steganography differs from digital watermarking because both the information and the very existence of the information are hidden. In the beginning, the fractal image compression method is used to compress the secret image, and then we encrypt this compressed data by DES.The Existing Steganographic approaches are unable to handle the Subterfuge attack i.e, they cannot deal with the opponents not only detects a message ,but also render it useless, or even worse, modify it to opponent favor. The advantage of BCBS is the decoding can be operated without access to the cover image and it also detects if the message has been tampered without using any extra error correction. To improve the imperceptibility of the BCBS, DCT is used in combination to transfer stego-image from spatial domain to the frequency domain. The hiding capacity of the information is improved by introducing Fractal Compression and the security is enhanced using by encrypting stego-image using DES.  Copyright © www.iiste.org Keywords: Steganography, data hiding, fractal image compression, DCT

    Data hiding in images based on fractal modulation and diversity combining

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    The current work provides a new data-embedding infrastructure based on fractal modulation. The embedding problem is tackled from a communications point of view. The data to be embedded becomes the signal to be transmitted through a watermark channel. The channel could be the image itself or some manipulation of the image. The image self noise and noise due to attacks are the two sources of noise in this paradigm. At the receiver, the image self noise has to be suppressed, while noise due to the attacks may sometimes be predicted and inverted. The concepts of fractal modulation and deterministic self-similar signals are extended to 2-dimensional images. These novel techniques are used to build a deterministic bi-homogenous watermark signal that embodies the binary data to be embedded. The binary data to be embedded, is repeated and scaled with different amplitudes at each level and is used as the wavelet decomposition pyramid. The binary data is appended with special marking data, which is used during demodulation, to identify and correct unreliable or distorted blocks of wavelet coefficients. This specially constructed pyramid is inverted using the inverse discrete wavelet transform to obtain the self-similar watermark signal. In the data embedding stage, the well-established linear additive technique is used to add the watermark signal to the cover image, to generate the watermarked (stego) image. Data extraction from a potential stego image is done using diversity combining. Neither the original image nor the original binary sequence (or watermark signal) is required during the extraction. A prediction of the original image is obtained using a cross-shaped window and is used to suppress the image self noise in the potential stego image. The resulting signal is then decomposed using the discrete wavelet transform. The number of levels and the wavelet used are the same as those used in the watermark signal generation stage. A thresholding process similar to wavelet de-noising is used to identify whether a particular coefficient is reliable or not. A decision is made as to whether a block is reliable or not based on the marking data present in each block and sometimes corrections are applied to the blocks. Finally the selected blocks are combined based on the diversity combining strategy to extract the embedded binary data

    Implementation of Transform Based Techniques in Digital Image Watermarking

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    Digital image watermarking is used to resolve the problems of data security and copyright protection. In many applications of digital watermarking, watermarked image of good quality are required. But here is a trade-off between number of embedded watermark images and quality of watermarked images. This aspect is quite important in case of multiple digital image watermarking. This project presents a robust digital image watermarking using discrete cosine transform (DCT) method. Compression on a watermarked image can significantly affect the detection of the embedded watermark. The detection of the presence or absence of a watermarked in an image is often affected if the watermarked image has undergone compression. Compression can also be considered as an attack on watermarked images. To show that a particular watermarking scheme is robust against compression, simulation is often relied DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15084
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