Novel Alternative Methods to Romberg Integration and Richardson’s Extrapolation with Matlab Package:Integral_Calculator

This paper introduces new integration methods for numerical integration problems in science and engineering applications. It is shown that the exact results of these integrals can be obtained by these methods with the use of  only 2 segments. So no additional function and integrand evaluations are required for different levels of computation. This situation overcomes the computational inefficiency. A new Matlab Package; Integral_Calculator is presented. Integral_Calculator provides a user-friendly computational platform which requires only 3 data entries from the user and performs the integration and give the results for any functions to be integrated. This package has been tested for each numerical example considered belo

Digital IIR integrator design using recursive Romberg integration rule and fractional sample delay

[[abstract]]In this paper, a digital IIR integrator design based on the recursive Romberg integration rule and the fractional sample delay is investigated. Starting with trapezoidal integrators, the approximation error of the frequency response of digital integrators can be reduced recursively by using the Romberg rule. Although the proposed IIR digital integrators involve the implementation of the fractional sample delay, this problem is easily solved by applying the well-documented design techniques of the FIR Lagrange and IIR allpass fractional delay filters. These techniques lead to the transfer function of the IIR Romberg integrator without using the fractional sample delay. Several design examples are presented in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method

Aircraft navigation based on differentiation–integration observer

In this paper, a generalized differentiation–integration observer is presented based on sensors selection. The proposed differentiation–integration observer can estimate the multiple integrals and high-order derivatives of a signal, synchronously. The parameters selection rules are presented for the differentiation–integration observer. The theoretical results are confirmed by the frequency–domain analysis. The effectiveness of the proposed observer is verified through the numerical simulations on a quadrotor aircraft: i) through the differentiation–integration observer, the attitude angle and the uncertainties in attitude dynamics are estimated synchronously from the measurements of angular velocity; ii) a control law is designed based on the observers to drive the aircraft to track a reference trajectory

Navigation and control based on integral-uncertainty observer for unmanned jet aircraft

A nonlinear integral-uncertainty observer is presented, which can estimate the integral of measurement output signal and the uncertainty in system, synchronously. In order to be satisfied with the existing hardware computational environments and to select the parameters more easily, a simplified linear version of the nonlinear integral-uncertainty observer is also developed. The effectiveness of the proposed observers are verified through the numerical simulations and experiments: i) through the integral-uncertainty observers, the attitude angle and the uncertainties in attitude dynamics are estimated synchronously from the measurements of angular velocity, and the estimate results by the two observers are compared; ii) a control law is designed based on the observers to drive the jet aircraft to track a reference trajectory

Discrete Wavelet Transforms

The discrete wavelet transform (DWT) algorithms have a firm position in processing of signals in several areas of research and industry. As DWT provides both octave-scale frequency and spatial timing of the analyzed signal, it is constantly used to solve and treat more and more advanced problems. The present book: Discrete Wavelet Transforms: Algorithms and Applications reviews the recent progress in discrete wavelet transform algorithms and applications. The book covers a wide range of methods (e.g. lifting, shift invariance, multi-scale analysis) for constructing DWTs. The book chapters are organized into four major parts. Part I describes the progress in hardware implementations of the DWT algorithms. Applications include multitone modulation for ADSL and equalization techniques, a scalable architecture for FPGA-implementation, lifting based algorithm for VLSI implementation, comparison between DWT and FFT based OFDM and modified SPIHT codec. Part II addresses image processing algorithms such as multiresolution approach for edge detection, low bit rate image compression, low complexity implementation of CQF wavelets and compression of multi-component images. Part III focuses watermaking DWT algorithms. Finally, Part IV describes shift invariant DWTs, DC lossless property, DWT based analysis and estimation of colored noise and an application of the wavelet Galerkin method. The chapters of the present book consist of both tutorial and highly advanced material. Therefore, the book is intended to be a reference text for graduate students and researchers to obtain state-of-the-art knowledge on specific applications

Intelligent Sensors for Human Motion Analysis

The book, "Intelligent Sensors for Human Motion Analysis," contains 17 articles published in the Special Issue of the Sensors journal. These articles deal with many aspects related to the analysis of human movement. New techniques and methods for pose estimation, gait recognition, and fall detection have been proposed and verified. Some of them will trigger further research, and some may become the backbone of commercial systems

Cumulative index to NASA Tech Briefs, 1970-1975

Tech briefs of technology derived from the research and development activities of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration are presented. Abstracts and indexes of subject, personal author, originating center, and tech brief number for the 1970-1975 tech briefs are presented

Social work with airports passengers

Social work at the airport is in to offer to passengers social services. The main methodological position is that people are under stress, which characterized by a particular set of characteristics in appearance and behavior. In such circumstances passenger attracts in his actions some attention. Only person whom he trusts can help him with the documents or psychologically