Annotated bibliography of the subclass Archosauria (Class : Reptilia) : Jan 1960 - Dec 1984

The subclass Archosauria includes some of the most successful vertebrates to have evolved. Although traditionally viewed as 'cold-blooded' (= ectothermic) and therefore evolutionarily inferior to 'warm-blooded' (= endothermic) mammals and birds, data collected since the 1960s has resulted in significant re-evaluations and a complete reassessment of archosaur evolution, taxonomy, and inferred physiology and behaviour. Much of the relevant data emanates from the results of post WWII field work conducted in eastern Central Asia (particularly the Gobi Desert) by Russian, Polish and Mongolian palaeontologists. However, due to political, cultural and/or other reasons, there remained little scientific collaboration between them and western (particularly US) scientists until very recently. As a consequence, there developed a dichotomy in this field of archosaur research, not only between east and west, but also between Europe and the US. This thesis reviews the literature on archosaurs published world-wide from Jan 1960 - Dec 1984, with the emphasis on the important Central Asian/Gobi contributions, in order to evaluate the academic discussions that have arisen regarding archosaur evolution, physiology, behaviour, their relationship to the Aves, and the evolution of avian endothermy and flight

Life after logging : reconciling wildlife conservation and production forestry in Indonesian Borneo

Tropical rainforests are the most species-rich terrestrial ecosystems on earth. Yet, with land clearing for timber, agriculture and other uses, these rainforests are disappearing at a rate of 12 million hectares a year-an area almost the size of Greece. As the forests disappear so too may the many services and needs provided by their rich biodiversity. One solution has been to establish strictly protected areas. But protected areas are not a panacea. They cannot conserve the full biological diversity found within tropical forests. In fact, the fate of many species found in protected areas depends upon what happens to other forestlands. But as the world's unprotected forests continue to be exploited for timber and non-timber forest products or for conversion to agriculture, changes in the world's fl ora and fauna are inevitable. Fortunately, the extent of that change can be controlled to a large extent through improved forest management choices and operational practices. Focusing on the wildlife of Malinau District, the most forest rich area remaining on the island of Borneo, this book considers how vertebrate species are affected by logging and other associated activities, such as road building and hunting. As an area still rich in biodiversity but increasingly under threat from timber harvesting, Malinau is a prime site for studying both the effects of logging on wildlife populations, and the conservation opportunities that exist through improved forest management. Drawing on a vast and diverse literature and a broad array of expertise, this book provides the best available synthesis to date on logging and wildlife in the region. Compiling these data allows a number of new and original analyses. The book evaluates what makes a species vulnerable to certain interventions, and proposes how changes in concession management can benefi t wildlife and improve the conservation value of logged over forest. It also gives detailed management recommendations for a list of species with high local importance, protected by Indonesian law, or threatened by global extinction. In presenting a new guide to improved production forest management in the Asian tropics, this book represents a major step forward. In addition, it identifies where the most important knowledge gaps exist, and how these should be addressed in future research. (Résumé d'auteur

Field Museum news.

v. 13 (1942

A Motif-Index of Traditional Polynesian Narratives

This reference work analyzes and classifies the story themes of Polynesian myths, tales, and legends according to an internationally employed system developed by Stith Thompson in his Motif Index of Folk-Literature ( 1955-1958). Thousands of tales, including those from almost all of the major original collections from the Polynesian area, have been examined and their thematic contents cataloged in this work

Bugs After the Bomb: Insect Representations in Postatomic American Fiction and Film.

As cold-blooded invertebrates which more often provoke disgust than delight, insect tend to be overlooked within animal studies in favor of warm-blooded beings in whom it is easier to perceive expression of emotion more “like ours.” Since insects and other arthropods are often conceived of as smaller, “lower,” and more “simple” forms of life, they are thought of as more like machines than animals, lifeless automatons that react to the world with blind instinct rather than agential beings who respond to the world with proclivities and inclinations all their own. This dissertation examines how such a view of insects and other bug-like creatures embodied cultural anxieties about postatomic life in 20th century North American literature, film, and culture. I coin the term “insectoid figuration” to expand beyond Linnaean classification to account for the more affectively motivated layperson’s categorical understanding of “bugs” in order to argue that insectoid figuration became a powerful political register for articulating concerns about American social order, language, dehumanization, and xenophobia. I bridge critical animal studies, materialist feminism, affect theory, and posthumanism to reveal how humanism depends upon abjection of animality by espousing exceptionalist views of human affective capacities. The various insectoid figurations which I explore in this dissertation—the bevy of mutated, big bugs which stomped across the celluloid screen in the 1950s; the centipede as an agent of viral control in William S. Burroughs’s Naked Lunch and other cut-up experimentations; the femme fatale gynoid modeled on insect mimicry and praying mantises in Philip K. Dick’s dystopic Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?; the Oankali, an insectoid alien species which seeks genetic trade with humans in Octavia E. Butler’s speculative trilogy Lilith’s Brood—shuttle between the literal and figurative, the material and semiotic, encompass a range of affects and anxieties, and ultimately form a signifying constellation which lays bare shifts in how American social order was conceptualized after the chaos of World War II and in the aftermath of atomic potentiality especially in response to severe environmental degradation.PhDEnglish and Women's StudiesUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/133284/1/cscassel_1.pd

Our Animal Anatomy

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Nature Guiding

Nature Guiding is the science of inculcating nature enthusiasm, nature principles, and nature facts into the spirit of individuals. "Doing" nature-study means observing, wondering, and solving problems. It could include collecting, building, measuring, painting, planning, writing, touching, experimenting or any of a wide range of other activities. Most importantly, it allows children to be "original investigators." This book is intended as a resource for teachers and students engaged in nature study at summer camps and in schools. William Gould Vinal believed that the teacher of nature study should be "in sympathy with the simple life and the country way," that the nature study should emphasize observation of the interactions of plants and animals in their environment, and not be reduced to matters of taxonomy and anatomy. In Nature Guiding, he offers advice to camp counselors and school teachers on incorporating nature study into everyday activities, as well as suggestions for parents and others about using visits to state and national parks to teach nature lore