48,851 research outputs found
Zero-dimensional field theory
A study of zero-dimensional theories, based on exact results, is presented.
First, relying on a simple diagrammatic representation of the theory, equations
involving the generating function of all connected Green's functions are
constructed. Second, exact solutions of these equations are obtained for
several theories. Finally, renormalization is carried out. Based on the
anticipated knowledge of the exact solutionsthe full dependence on the
renormalized coupling constant is studied.Comment: 38 pages, LaTe
Characteristics of diagrammatic reasoning
International audienceDiagrammatic, analogical or iconic representations are often contrasted with linguistic or logical representations, in which the shape of the symbols is arbitrary. Although commonly used, diagrams have long suffered from their reputation as mere tools, as mere support for intuition. We list here the main characteristics of diagrammatic inferential systems, and defend the idea that heterogeneous representation systems, including both linguistic and diagrammatic representations, offer real computational perspectives in knowledge modeling and reasoning
Putting a Spin on Circulating Reference, or How to Rediscover the Scientific Subject
Bruno Latour claims to have shown that a Kantian model of knowledge, which he describes as seeking to unite a disembodied transcendental subject with an inaccessible thing-in-itself, is dramatically falsified by empirical studies of science in action. Instead, Latour puts central emphasis on scientific practice, and replaces this Kantian model with a model of “circulating reference.” Unfortunately, Latour's alternative schematic leaves out the scientific subject. I repair this oversight through a simple mechanical procedure. By putting a slight spin on Latour's diagrammatic representation of his theory, I discover a new space for a post-Kantian scientific subject, a subject brilliantly described by Ludwik Fleck. The neglected subjectivities and ceaseless practices of science are thus re-united
Analogy-making in the Semai sensory world
In the interplay between language, culture, and perception, iconicity structures our representations of what we experience. By examining secondary iconicity in sensory vocabulary, this study draws attention to diagrammatic qualities in human interaction with, and representation of, the sensory world. In Semai (Mon-Khmer, Aslian), spoken on Peninsular Malaysia, sensory experiences are encoded by expressives. Expressives display a diagrammatic iconic structure whereby related sensory experiences receive related linguistic forms. Through this type of formmeaning mapping, gradient relationships in the perceptual world receive gradient linguistic representations. Form-meaning mapping such as this enables speakers to categorize sensory events into types and subtypes of perceptions, and provide illustrates how a diagrammatic iconic structure within sensory vocabulary creates networks of relational sensory knowledge. Through analogy, speakers draw on this knowledge to comprehend sensory referents and create new unconventional forms, which are easily understood by other members of the community. Analogy-making such as this allows speakers to capture fine-grained differences between sensory events, and effectively guide each other through the Semai sensory landscape. sensory specifics of various kinds. This studyillustrates how a diagrammatic iconic structure within sensory vocabulary creates networks of relational sensory knowledge. Through analogy, speakers draw on this knowledge to comprehend sensory referents and create new unconventional forms, which are easily understood by other members of the community. Analogy-making such as this allows speakers to capture fine-grained differences between sensory events, and effectively guide each other through the Semai sensory landscape
Indispensability and Effectiveness of Diagrams in Molecular Biology
In this paper I aim to defend a twofold thesis. On one hand, I will support, against Perini (2005), the indispensability of diagrams when structurally complex biomolecules are concerned, since it is not possible to satisfactorily use linguistic-sentential representations at that domain. On the other hand, even when diagrams are dispensable I will defend than they will generally be more effective than other representations in encoding biomolecular knowledge, relying on Kulvicki-Shimojima?s diagrammatic effectiveness thesis. Finally, I will ground many epistemic virtues of biomolecular diagrams (understandability, explanatory power, prediction and hypothesis evaluation) on their cognitive-computational indispensability and their semantic-epistemic effectiveness. Keywords: Molecular Biology, Diagrammatic Representation, Representational Indispensability
Requirements Engineering: A Tube-Map.
In this paper, a diagrammatic representation of the main processes occurring in Requirements Engineering has been introduced. Adopted style has been derived by the notorious London Tube Map: it allows practitioners, academics and all stakeholders to fully appreciate the complex set of iterations as they occur during any software development project. Some benefits have been discussed: non technical stakeholders can be provided with a simple and yet effective tool to communicate among each other; requirements engineers and analysts can easily track their activities; academics can use the map for teaching purposes as well as to remind themselves what practical help they can provide against the expected outcomes RE community would look for. Potential developments of the map are its transformation into a system integrator, in order to facilitate practitioners in managing the fragmentation of the discipline; and the possibility of the map to become a virtual “gate” to any knowledge repository which emerges within any development project.Peer reviewe
A diagrammatic representation for entities and mereotopological relations in ontologies
In the graphical representation of ontologies, it is customary to use graph theory as the representational background. We claim here that the standard graph-based approach has a number of limitations. We focus here on a problem in the graph-based representation of ontologies in complex domains such as biomedical, engineering and manufacturing: lack of mereotopological representation. Based on such limitation, we proposed a diagrammatic way to represent an entity’s structure and various forms of mereotopological relationships between the entities
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CHREST+: A simulation of how humans learn to solve problems using diagrams.
This paper describes the underlying principles of a computer model, CHREST+, which learns to solve problems using diagrammatic representations. Although earlier work has determined that experts store domain-specific information within schemata, no substantive model has been proposed for learning such representations. We describe the different strategies used by subjects in constructing a diagrammatic representation of an electric circuit known as an AVOW diagram, and explain how these strategies fit a theory for the learnt representations. Then we describe CHREST+, an extended version of an established model of human perceptual memory. The extension enables the model to relate information learnt about circuits with that about their associated AVOW diagrams, and use this information as a schema to improve its efficiency at problem solving
Exponentiation for products of Wilson lines within the generating function approach
We present the generating function approach to the perturbative
exponentiation of correlators of a product of Wilson lines and loops. The
exponentiated expression is presented in closed form as an algebraic function
of correlators of known operators, which can be seen as a generating function
for web diagrams. The expression is naturally split onto two parts: the
exponentiation kernel, which accumulates all non-trivial information about web
diagrams, and the defect of exponentiation, which reconstructs the matrix
exponent and is a function of the exponentiation kernel. The detailed
comparison of the presented approach with existing approaches to exponentiation
is presented as well. We also give examples of calculations within the
generating function exponentiation, namely, we consider different
configurations of light-like Wilson lines in the multi-gluon-exchange-webs
(MGEW) approximation. Within this approximation the corresponding correlators
can be calculated exactly at any order of perturbative expansion by only
algebraic manipulations. The MGEW approximation shows violation of the dipole
formula for infrared singularities at three-loop order.Comment: 33 pages, 5 figures; updated to match journal versio
A review of information flow diagrammatic models for product-service systems
A product-service system (PSS) is a combination of products and services to
create value for both customers and manufacturers. Modelling a PSS based on
function orientation offers a useful way to distinguish system inputs and
outputs with regards to how data are consumed and information is used, i.e.
information flow. This article presents a review of diagrammatic information
flow tools, which are designed to describe a system through its functions. The
origin, concept and applications of these tools are investigated, followed by an
analysis of information flow modelling with regards to key PSS properties. A
case study of selection laser melting technology implemented as PSS will then be
used to show the application of information flow modelling for PSS design. A
discussion based on the usefulness of the tools in modelling the key elements of
PSS and possible future research directions are also presented
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