602 research outputs found
DIG-MAN: Integration of digital tools into product development and manufacturing education
General objectives of PRODEM education. Teaching of product development requires various digital tools. Nowadays, the digital
tools usually use computers, which have become a standard element of manufacturing
and teaching environments. In this context, an integration of computer-based technologies
in manufacturing environments plays the crucial and main role, allowing to enrich,
accelerate and integrate different production phases such as product development, design,
manufacturing and inspection. Moreover, the digital tools play important role in management
of production. According to Wdowik and Ratnayake (2019 paper: Open Access
Digital Tool’s Application Potential in Technological Process Planning: SMMEs Perspective,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29996-5_36), the digital tools can be divided
into several main groups such as: machine tools and technological equipment (MTE), devices
(D), internet(intranet)-based tools (I), software (S). The groups are presented in
Fig. 1.1. Machine tools and technological equipment group contains all existing machines and
devices which are commonly used in manufacturing and inspection phase. The group is used in
physical shaping of manufactured products, measurement tasks regarding tools and products,
etc. The next group of devices (D) is proposed to separate the newest trends of using mobile
and computer-based technologies such as smartphones or tablets and indicate the necessity
of increased mobility within production sites. The similar need of separation is in the case of
internet(intranet)-based tools which indicate the growing interest in network-based solutions.
Hence, D and I groups are proposed in order to underline the significance of mobility and
networking. These two groups of the digital tools should also be supported in the nearest
future by the use of 5G networks. The last group of software (S) concerns computer software
produced for the aims of manufacturing environments. There is also a possibility to assign the
defined solutions (e.g. computer programs) to more than one group (e.g. program can be assigned
to software and internet-based tools). The main role of tools allocated inside separate
groups is to support employees, managers and customers of manufacturing firms focused on
abovementioned production phases. The digital tools are being developed in order to increase
efficiency of production, quality of manufactured products and accelerate innovation process
as well as comfort of work. Nowadays, digital also means mobile.
Universities (especially technical), which are focused on higher education and research, have
been continuously developing their teaching programmes since the beginning of industry 3.0
era. They need to prepare their alumni for changing environments of manufacturing enterprises
and new challenges such as Industry 4.0 era, digitalization, networking, remote work,
etc. Most of the teaching environments nowadays, especially those in manufacturing engineering
area, are equipped with many digital tools and meet various challenges regarding an
adaptation, a maintenance and a final usage of the digital tools. The application of these tools
in teaching needs a space, staff and supporting infrastructures. Universities adapt their equipment
and infrastructures to local or national needs of enterprises and the teaching content
is usually focused on currently used technologies. Furthermore, research activities support
teaching process by newly developed innovations.
Figure 1.2 presents how different digital tools are used in teaching environments. Teaching
environments are divided into four groups: lecture rooms, computer laboratories, manufacturing
laboratories and industrial environments. The three groups are characteristic in the
case of universities’ infrastructure whilst the fourth one is used for the aims of internships of students or researchers. Nowadays lecture rooms are mainly used for lectures and presentations
which require the direct communication and interaction between teachers and students.
However, such teaching method could also be replaced by the use of remote teaching (e.g.
by the use of e-learning platforms or internet communicators). Unfortunately, remote teaching
leads to limited interaction between people. Nonverbal communication is hence limited.
Computer laboratories (CLs) usually gather students who solve different problems by the use
of software. Most of the CLs enable teachers to display instructions by using projectors. Physical
gathering in one room enables verbal and nonverbal communication between teachers
and students. Manufacturing laboratories are usually used as the demonstrators of real industrial
environments. They are also perfect places for performing of experiments and building
the proficiency in using of infrastructure. The role of manufacturing labs can be divided as:
• places which demonstrate the real industrial environments,
• research sites where new ideas can be developed, improved and tested.
Industrial environment has a crucial role in teaching. It enables an enriched student experience
by providing real industrial challenges and problems
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Navigational patterns in interactive multimedia
The central purpose of this thesis is to investigate whether users have distinct preferences for specific navigational patterns in multimedia: that is preferences for moving through multimedia. Subsidiary questions are whether users have preferences for working strategies, (the mental approach to investigating software) whether these preferences are similar for specific groups and whether these preferences are affected by the software's system and navigational design. Four groups were investigated within two ranges: children to adults, and novices to experts. The literature review revealed four different perspectives of investigating navigation: user, designer, pedagogy and human computer interaction and although this research concentrates on the first two perspectives the other two are integral and of equal importance.Two empirical studies elicited the navigational information. The first studied pairs of children undertaking set tasks in multimedia, and demonstrated that although each pair had definite preferences, each group did not utilise the full pattern range discerned from the observations, literature review and multimedia package analysis. The second study was redesigned using individual adults to ascertain the full range of preferred patterns in use. The essential element from the investigations was the wide range of variation between individuals and within groups. There was a gradual progression in their range and speed using these patterns, related to their skills, abilities and experience, and each individual could be placed along a continuum. Topologies of the multimedia packages and diagrams of the fit of the navigation patterns were included. Finally an expert panel was convened to verify the pattern range and their comments supported the new classification.The research outcomes included navigational patterns and working strategies classifications, future techniques for designers, and user methods. These will create more successful and informed multimedia, and forward developments and improvements in the design of high quality user preference software
America's Next Manufacturing Workforce: Promising Practices in Education and Skills Building
The promising practices presented in this report demonstrate some of the most encouraging approaches for education and skill building of America’s new manufacturing workforce. These practices have been selected by a panel of experts from business, government, and education who serve on the MForesight Education and Workforce Development Working Group (EWD). This report summarizes a sampling of replicable and scalable promising practices being pursued to ensure that America builds an educated, skilled, and ready workforce. MForesight has not endorsed any particular product or method in presenting these promising practices, and is pleased to invite learning institutions, professional organizations, and manufacturers to submit descriptions of additional programs and initiatives serving similar purposes. In this way, MForesight hopes to build a community of practitioners and learners to help build an educated, skilled, and ready advanced manufacturing workforce. Concurrently, the EWD will continue its work to translate the key characteristics of these promising practices into policy and investment guidelines for government, industry, and educational enterprises that will support efforts to bring such practices to scale.National Science Foundation, Grant No. 1552534https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/145154/1/WorkforceReport_Final.pd
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