Estudi bibliomètric any 2014. Campus del Baix Llobregat: EETAC i ESAB

En el present informe s’analitza la producció científica de les dues escoles del Campus del Baix Llobregat, l’Escola d’Enginyeria de Telecomunicació i Aerospacial de Castelldefels (EETAC) i l’Escola Superior d’Agricultura de Barcelona (ESAB) durant el 2014.Postprint (author’s final draft

The use of novel information technology in military medicine and mass casualty situation training

Tässä väitöskirjatyössä tutkitaan uuden mobiiliteknologian käyttöä sotilaslääketieteen ja suuronnettomuustilanteiden koulutuksessa. Yhteenvetona voidaan todeta, että uudesta informaatioteknologiasta on paljon hyötyä sekä pedagogisesti että teknisesti sotilaslääketieteellisessä koulutuksessa ja suuronnettomuustilanteiden lääkinnällisessä valmiudessa. Tutkimukseen valittiin seuraavat uudet informaatioteknologiat: lyhyet videoleikkeet (multimedia), mobiilit lääketieteen tietokannat ja RFID-teknologia (Radio frequency identification, radiotaajuinen etätunnistus). Sotilaslääketiede on osa kansallista terveydenhuollon järjestelmää, jossa tällaista tekniikkaa varten on eritystarpeita, kun kehitetään ensiavun ja ensihoidon opetusta kliinisesti vaativissa tilanteissa. Lääkintäaliupseerikurssin oppilaat (N=60) satunnaistettiin käyttämään joko kurkunpääputkea (LT), n=30 tai kurkunpäämaskia (ILMA), n=30. Kurkunpääputken (LT) sai onnistuneesti 10 kertaa peräkkäin paikoilleen 100 % ja kurkunpäämaskin (ILMA) 93,1 % oppilaista. Keskimäärin ensimmäinen onnistunut suoritus kesti hieman yli 20 sekuntia kummallakin menetelmällä, ja 10 suorituksen keskiarvo oli hieman yli 10 sekuntia. Kokemattomat ja kouluttamattomat lääkintäaliupseerikurssin oppilaat voivat oppia lyhyen videoleikkeen avulla varmistamaan hengitystiet kurkunpääputkella (LT) tai kurkunpäänaamarilla (ILMA) simuloidussa tilanteessa. VAS-asteikolla mitattu itsearviointi varmisti, että suoritus koettiin helpoksi. Mobiilia lääketieteen tietojärjestelmää ja sen käyttöä verrattiin lääketieteen opiskelijoiden ja varusmiespalvelustaan suorittavien lääkäreiden kesken. Tämä tutkimus on auttanut ymmärtämään sitä, miten nämä kaksi ryhmää käyttävät mobiilia lääketieteellistä tietojärjestelmää. Samalla se tarjoaa oivalluksia joihinkin pedagogisiin eroihin näiden kahden ryhmän välillä. Ryhmien väliset erot eivät kuitenkaan olleet tilastollisesti merkitseviä. Tutkimuksissa RFID-järjestelmä osoittautui toimivaksi. Verrattaessa järjestelmää tällä hetkellä käytettävään järjestelmään se paransi ratkaisevasti lääkinnällisen pelastustoiminnan valmiutta. Järjestelmä voidaan mukauttaa ilman vaikeuksia siviilialan suuronnettomuus- ja katastrofitilanteiden hallintaan. Testattu järjestelmä toteutettiin kaupallisesti saatavilla olevalla teknologialla (RFID ja matkapuhelinteknologia). Järjestelmän suoria hyötyjä ja sen toistettavuutta verrattiin suuronnettomuudessa käytettäviin paperisiin potilasluokittelukortteihin kahdessa erillisessä simuloidussa suuronnettomuustilanteessa Suomessa ja Ruotsissa. Molemmissa oli mukana monia viranomaistahoja. RFID-pohjainen järjestelmä, jossa potilaat luokiteltiin kiireellisyysluokkiin (triage) käyttämällä matkapuhelinjärjestelmää, lähetti välittömästi ja automaattisesti tilannetiedon harjoituksen johtoon ja sairaalaan. Molempien potilastietojärjestelmien avulla voitiin mitata tilannetietoisuuden kehittymistä suuronnettomuudessa siten, että verrattiin paperisista potilasluokittelukorteista saatua tietoa kännykän avulla saatuihin potilasluokittelutietoihin hoitoketjun eri vaiheissa. RFID-järjestelmä osoittautui helppokäyttöiseksi ja se paransi merkittävästi suuronnettomuuksien hallintaa ja tilannetietoisuutta. Koordinoivat yksiköt saivat RFID-järjestelmällä tietoja uhrien kiireellisyysluokista ja sijainnista yli tuntia aikaisemmin kuin perinteisellä menetelmällä. RFID-järjestelmä on helppokäyttöinen, nopea ja vakaa. Se osoittautui saumattomasti toimivaksi jopa ankarissa kenttäolosuhteissa. RFID-järjestelmä ylitti kaikilta osin perinteisen järjestelmän. Se tehosti merkitsevästi lääkinnällisen pelastustoiminnan organisatorista valmiutta.In developed countries, novel information technologies have become an essential part of education in modern healthcare field. However, using these expensive and continuously developing technologies is often a challenge both for trainers and for students. In military medicine, as a part of national healthcare services, there are special needs for this kind of technology, especially when optimizing first aid and initial treatment in challenging field situations. The purpose of this thesis was to study the use of novel information mobile technologies in the training for military medicine and mass casualty situations. Methods chosen were short video clips, mobile medical information system (IS) and radio frequency identification technology (RFID). Short video clips are potentially applicable as educational material in teaching advanced airway management and as the first means of introducing the use of a laryngeal tube (LT) or an intubating laryngeal mask (ILMA) to inexperienced military first-responder trainees with no prior hands-on experience. In a study, sixty medical non-commissioned officers were randomly assigned into one of two groups: the LT- and the ILMA-group. After viewing the video clips, the trainees were required to perform 10 consecutive, successful insertions of the given instrument into a manikin. The goal of 10 consecutive successful insertions was attained by all 30 subjects in the LT-group, and by 27 of 29 subjects in the ILMA-group with a maximum of 30 attempts. Satisfactory to good skill levels can be achieved with the applied video-clip demonstration method, even in inexperienced first-responder trainees lacking previous hands-on experience. Self-assessment measured by VAS score showed that the performance felt easy. A mobile medical information system (IS) was compared between civilian medical students and physicians undergoing compulsory military service in Finland. Special emphasis was placed on differences in system usage and perceptions towards the mobile medical IS. Other points of interest were the important features of the mobile medical system, advantages and disadvantages of using the system in actual emergency situations and use of the device to search for general information. A questionnaire was handed to both sixth-year medical students at the University of Oulu, as well to medical students of similar academic level undergoing their military service. The two groups were found to have similar approaches towards the mobile system in different contexts. The results have helped to develop an understanding of how the two groups of users use a mobile medical information system while also providing insight into some behavioral differences between them. Not all of the differences were significant; indicating the possibility of developing a universal tool for both military and with some civilian application, but with supplemental content in military medicine for military medical officers (MO). When reporting on the possibility of the development of a universal tool for both military and civilian use, MO`s said that they would have liked to complement the mobile medical information system with military medical data. The applicability of radio frequency identification (RFID) technology and commercial cellular networks designed to provide an online triage system for handling civilian mass casualty situations was tested during a military field exercise. The system proved to be usable. Compared to the current system in use, it dramatically improved the general view of mass casualty situations and enhances medical emergency readiness in this military medical setting. The system can be adapted without any difficulties by the civilian sector for the management of disasters. The feasibility and the direct benefits of the system were evaluated in two separate, simulated civilian mass-casualty situations; one in Finland involving a passenger ship accident and another at a major airport in Sweden with a plane crash scenario. Both simulations involved multiple authorities and functioned as a test setting for comparing the disaster management s situational awareness using the RFID -based system, where triage was done using both a mobile phone system with information sent automatically to the situation command center and the hospital, alongside a traditional method using paper triage tags. The development of situational awareness could be measured directly by comparing the availability of up-to date information at different points in the care chain with both systems. The RFID system proved easy to use, quick and stabile, and improved the situational awareness for the disaster management significantly. Information about the numbers and status of casualties was available for the coordinating units over an hour earlier in comparison to the traditional method. Results surpassed the traditional systems in all respects. It also dramatically improved the general view of mass casualty situations and enhanced medical emergency readiness in a multi-organizational medical setting. The novel information technologies addressed here are of great value both pedagogically and technically in medical training in military medicine and mass casualty situations

The 2nd International Electronic Conference on Applied Sciences

This book is focused on the works presented at the 2nd International Electronic Conference on Applied Sciences, organized by Applied Sciences from 15 to 31 October 2021 on the MDPI Sciforum platform. Two decades have passed since the start of the 21st century. The development of sciences and technologies is growing ever faster today than in the previous century. The field of science is expanding, and the structure of science is becoming ever richer. Because of this expansion and fine structure growth, researchers may lose themselves in the deep forest of the ever-increasing frontiers and sub-fields being created. This international conference on the Applied Sciences was started to help scientists conduct their own research into the growth of these frontiers by breaking down barriers and connecting the many sub-fields to cut through this vast forest. These functions will allow researchers to see these frontiers and their surrounding (or quite distant) fields and sub-fields, and give them the opportunity to incubate and develop their knowledge even further with the aid of this multi-dimensional network

Pattern detection platform using disruptive technologies to improve people’s daily tasks

Tesis por compendio de publicaciones[ES] En los últimos años la miniaturización de los dispositivos electrónicos y el abaratamiento de los procesos de fabricación de los componentes ha permitido que las redes de sensores inalámbricas sean cada vez mas importantes y se empleen en multitud de casos. Adicionalmente, y debido en parte a la mejora en cuanto a las capacidades de almacenamiento y procesamiento de datos se refiere, ha permitido construir sistemas sensibles al contexto en áreas como la medicina, la monitorización o la robótica que permiten hacer un análisis detallado y adaptable de los procesos y servicios que se pueden proporcionar a los usuarios. Esta tesis doctoral ha sido conformada mediante un “Compendio de Artículos” donde se analiza la aplicación de paradigmas de inteligencia artificial en 3 casos de estudio claramente diferenciados. Se ha planteado un novedoso sistema de localización en interiores que hace uso de técnicas bayesianas y fingerprinting, con objeto de automatizar y facilitar los procesos de adquisición de datos de calibración. A mayores, se presenta un exoesqueleto que es conectado a una arquitectura sensible al contexto con objeto de que los pacientes de rehabilitación hagan ejercicios de forma interactiva y haciendo uso de técnicas de realidad aumentada. En el último artículo, se hace hincapié en el diseño de una plataforma que hace uso de las redes inalámbricas de sensores, con objeto de monitorizar el estado de los aseos mediante la incorporación de agentes embebidos en dispositivos limitados computacionalmente. Esta información descentralizada es analizada con objeto de detectar posibles anomalías y facilitar la toma de decisiones. Uno de los principales hitos que se pretende con el estudio, es mostrar a la comunidad científica los diferentes resultados que se han obtenido en la investigación, solventando problemas cotidianos que han sido resueltos mediante la modelización de los casos de estudio mediante la utilización de arquitecturas multi-agente y sistemas expertos. El filtrado de señales, la utilización de clasificadores, minería de datos y la utilización de otras técnicas de Inteligencia Artificial han sido empleadas para la consecución exitosa de este trabajo

Management of Technological Innovation in Developing and Developed Countries

It is widely accepted that technology is one of the forces driving economic growth. Although more and more new technologies have emerged, various evidence shows that their performances were not as high as expected. In both academia and practice, there are still many questions about what technologies to adopt and how to manage these technologies. The 15 articles in this book aim to look into these questions. There are quite many features in this book. Firstly, the articles are from both developed countries and developing countries in Asia, Africa and South and Middle America. Secondly, the articles cover a wide range of industries including telecommunication, sanitation, healthcare, entertainment, education, manufacturing, and financial. Thirdly, the analytical approaches are multi-disciplinary, ranging from mathematical, economic, analytical, empirical and strategic. Finally, the articles study both public and private organizations, including the service industry, manufacturing industry, and governmental organizations. Given its wide coverage and multi-disciplines, the book may be useful for both academic research and practical management

IMPACT OF INDUSTRY TRANSFORMATION ON THE LIFECYCLE OF PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS: A Science and Risk Based Perspective

The aim of this thesis is to explore the ongoing transformation in the pharmaceutical industry and its impact on pharmaceutical quality from the perspective of risk identification. This research was built upon three key pillars: Theoretical Evidence, Operational Evidence, and Opinion-based Evidence.The regulatory environment is one of the most important external factors that affect a company’s organization, processes and technological strategy. A quantitative analysis of regulatory events since 1813 revealed that the focus of regulators from 1813 to 1970s was centred on crisis management and public health protection. Since the 1980s a gradual move towards a greater focus on public health promotion, international harmonization, innovation, and agency modernization occurred.The evolution of the pharmaceutical transformation was assessed through systematic review of the literature. Fourteen factors were identified that impact the pharmaceutical industry in future years. These factors, termed “transformation triggers”, were considered as the theoretical evidence for the ongoing transformation. The relative importance ranking of the triggers was computed based on their prevalence within the articles studied. The four main triggers with the strongest theoretical evidence were: fully integrated pharma network, personalised medicine, translational research, and pervasive computing.Operational evidence to verify existence of the transformation triggers was compiled through systematic collection of operational data. Trends in the operational evidence and the associated theoretical evidence were compared. Strong correlation between theoretical and operational evidence was found for the four transformation triggers listed above. Key areas of contrast included; healthcare management focus, adaptive trials and regulatory enforcement where the operational evidence was stronger than the theoretical evidence.Expert opinion, obtained from a questionnaire-based survey on participants with recognised expertise in pharmaceutical regulation, product lifecycle or technology, validated the theoretical and operational evidence and supported the same four main pharmaceutical transformation triggers.A quality risk model derived from the survey indicated a firm relationship between the pharmaceutical quality risks and regulatory compliance outcomes during the marketing approval and post-marketing phases of the product lifecycle and a weaker relationship during the pre-market evaluation phase

Prototype of technological infrastructure based on the Internet of Things and tools with free software licenses for the supervision of vital signs in patients (Smart monitoring) of an emergency service

El presente trabajo denominado, prototipo de infraestructura tecnológica basada en internet de las cosas y herramientas con licencias de software libre para la supervisión de signos vitales en pacientes de un servicio de urgencias, desarrolla un prototipo funcional de infraestructura tecnológica para el monitoreo de signos vitales de pacientes que solicitan atención médica en un servicio de urgencias. El prototipo de infraestructura desarrollado incluye una parte software encargada del registro del paciente, posteriormente se toman sus signos vitales en la dependencia de triage y a continuación se realiza la supervisión de la medición automáticas de los signos vitales de los pacientes que esperan por ser atendidos por el médico de urgencias. El Hardware corresponde a un dispositivo electrónico de monitoreo, el cual fue llamado DEMIoT, encargado de medir los signos vitales correspondientes a Frecuencia cardiaca, concentración de oxígeno y presión arterial del paciente y enviarla a un servidor para la supervisión por parte del personal médico. Para la implementación del prototipo se utilizó la metodología de desarrollo ágil Programación XP la cual facilita la construcción del sistema y permite lograr la culminación satisfactoria de las necesidades propias de los usuarios. Algunos principios de esta metodología fueron orientadoras del proceso de construcción del prototipo de hardware. Como parte de desarrollos posteriores se propone el desarrollo de un sistema completo que integre todos los procesos de urgencias, como facturación y aprobación de la atención y que incluya equipos y software que permita mejorar el proceso de atención de pacientes en urgencias.Universitat Oberta de Catalunya UOCINTRODUCCIÓN 29 1. DESCRIPCIÓN DEL PROBLEMA 31 1.1 ANTECEDENTES 31 1.2 PLANTEAMIENTO DEL PROBLEMA 32 1.3 OBJETIVOS 34 1.3.1 Objetivo General 34 1.3.2 Objetivos específicos 34 2. MARCO DE REFERENCIA 35 2.1 MARCO TEÓRICO 35 2.1.1 Estado del arte 35 2.1.2 Servicios de Urgencias 35 2.1.3 Internet de las Cosas aplicadas a la salud (IoT - Health) 37 2.1.4 Monitoreo de signos vitales 41 2.1.5 Marco teórico 43 3. METODOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN 55 3.1 METODOLOGÍA 55 4. RESULTADOS DE LA INVESTIGACION 57 4.1 REVISIÓN DE LA LITERATURA 57 4.2 CARACTERIZACIÓN. 57 4.2.1 Definición de los objetivos principales y específicos del estudio 59 4.2.2 Diseño de Instrumentos. 60 4.2.3 Aplicación de Instrumentos 64 4.2.4 análisis de resultados. 70 4.2.5 Elaboración de la caracterización y diagnóstico del proceso de primera atención de servicios de urgencias. 71 4.3 DISEÑO DEL PROTÓTIPO DE INFRAESTRUCTURA TECNOLÓGICA 75 4.3.1 Metodología para el desarrollo del prototipo 75 4.3.2 Definición de requerimientos generales del prototipo de infraestructura tecnológica 76 4.3.3 Descripción general del prototipo de infraestructura tecnológica 77 4.3.4 Descripción detallada del sistema 80 4.3.5 Diagramas del sistema 82 4.4 CONSTRUCCIÓN DEL PROTÓTIPO DE SOFTWARE 85 4.4.1 Fase de Exploración 85 4.4.2 Fase de Planificación 91 4.4.3 Iteraciones 93 4.5 CONSTRUCCIÓN DEL DISPOSITIVO ELECTRÓNICO DE MONITOREO (IOT) DEMIoT DEL PROTOTIPO DE INFRAESTRUCTURA TECNOLÓGICA 107 4.5.1 Fase de exploración para la construcción del dispositivo electrónico. 107 4.5.2 Planificación de la construcción del Dispositivo Electrónico de Monitoreo 110 4.5.3 Iteraciones de la construcción del Dispositivo Electrónico de Monitoreo 113 4.6 INTERFACES GRÁFICAS DEL SISTEMA 122 4.7 EVALUACIÓN DEL PROTOTIPO DE INFRAESTRUCTURA TECNOLÓGICA 125 4.7.1 Despliegue del prototipo de infraestructura tecnológica 125 4.7.2 Validación del dispositivo electrónico de monitoreo DEMIoT 127 4.7.3 Evaluación del prototipo desarrollado 128 5. CONCLUSIONES 133 5.1 Del Proyecto 133 5.2 Recomendaciones 134 6. BIBLIOGRAFÍA 136 ANEXOS 140MaestríaThe present work called, prototype of technological infrastructure based on the internet of things and tools with free software licenses for the supervision of vital signs in patients of an emergency service, develops a functional prototype of technological infrastructure for the monitoring of vital signs of patients seeking medical attention in an emergency department. The infrastructure prototype developed includes a software part in charge of registering the patient, subsequently their vital signs are taken in the triage unit and then the supervision of the automatic measurement of the vital signs of the patients waiting to be seen by the emergency physician. The Hardware corresponds to an electronic monitoring device, which was called DEMIoT, in charge of measuring the vital signs corresponding to the patient's heart rate, oxygen concentration and blood pressure and sending it to a server for supervision by the medical staff. For the implementation of the prototype, the agile development methodology XP Programming was used, which facilitates the construction of the system and allows to achieve the satisfactory completion of the users' own needs. Some principles of this methodology were guiding the process of building the hardware prototype. As part of subsequent developments, it is proposed to develop a complete system that integrates all emergency processes, such as billing and approval of care and that includes equipment and software that allows improving the process of patient care in emergencies