525 research outputs found

    Beam scanning by liquid-crystal biasing in a modified SIW structure

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    A fixed-frequency beam-scanning 1D antenna based on Liquid Crystals (LCs) is designed for application in 2D scanning with lateral alignment. The 2D array environment imposes full decoupling of adjacent 1D antennas, which often conflicts with the LC requirement of DC biasing: the proposed design accommodates both. The LC medium is placed inside a Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) modified to work as a Groove Gap Waveguide, with radiating slots etched on the upper broad wall, that radiates as a Leaky-Wave Antenna (LWA). This allows effective application of the DC bias voltage needed for tuning the LCs. At the same time, the RF field remains laterally confined, enabling the possibility to lay several antennas in parallel and achieve 2D beam scanning. The design is validated by simulation employing the actual properties of a commercial LC medium

    Security and Privacy for Modern Wireless Communication Systems

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    The aim of this reprint focuses on the latest protocol research, software/hardware development and implementation, and system architecture design in addressing emerging security and privacy issues for modern wireless communication networks. Relevant topics include, but are not limited to, the following: deep-learning-based security and privacy design; covert communications; information-theoretical foundations for advanced security and privacy techniques; lightweight cryptography for power constrained networks; physical layer key generation; prototypes and testbeds for security and privacy solutions; encryption and decryption algorithm for low-latency constrained networks; security protocols for modern wireless communication networks; network intrusion detection; physical layer design with security consideration; anonymity in data transmission; vulnerabilities in security and privacy in modern wireless communication networks; challenges of security and privacy in node–edge–cloud computation; security and privacy design for low-power wide-area IoT networks; security and privacy design for vehicle networks; security and privacy design for underwater communications networks

    LIPIcs, Volume 261, ICALP 2023, Complete Volume

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    LIPIcs, Volume 261, ICALP 2023, Complete Volum

    Radiation Tolerant Electronics, Volume II

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    Research on radiation tolerant electronics has increased rapidly over the last few years, resulting in many interesting approaches to model radiation effects and design radiation hardened integrated circuits and embedded systems. This research is strongly driven by the growing need for radiation hardened electronics for space applications, high-energy physics experiments such as those on the large hadron collider at CERN, and many terrestrial nuclear applications, including nuclear energy and safety management. With the progressive scaling of integrated circuit technologies and the growing complexity of electronic systems, their ionizing radiation susceptibility has raised many exciting challenges, which are expected to drive research in the coming decade.After the success of the first Special Issue on Radiation Tolerant Electronics, the current Special Issue features thirteen articles highlighting recent breakthroughs in radiation tolerant integrated circuit design, fault tolerance in FPGAs, radiation effects in semiconductor materials and advanced IC technologies and modelling of radiation effects

    1-D broadside-radiating leaky-wave antenna based on a numerically synthesized impedance surface

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    A newly-developed deterministic numerical technique for the automated design of metasurface antennas is applied here for the first time to the design of a 1-D printed Leaky-Wave Antenna (LWA) for broadside radiation. The surface impedance synthesis process does not require any a priori knowledge on the impedance pattern, and starts from a mask constraint on the desired far-field and practical bounds on the unit cell impedance values. The designed reactance surface for broadside radiation exhibits a non conventional patterning; this highlights the merit of using an automated design process for a design well known to be challenging for analytical methods. The antenna is physically implemented with an array of metal strips with varying gap widths and simulation results show very good agreement with the predicted performance

    Operational Research: methods and applications

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    This is the final version. Available on open access from Taylor & Francis via the DOI in this recordThroughout its history, Operational Research has evolved to include methods, models and algorithms that have been applied to a wide range of contexts. This encyclopedic article consists of two main sections: methods and applications. The first summarises the up-to-date knowledge and provides an overview of the state-of-the-art methods and key developments in the various subdomains of the field. The second offers a wide-ranging list of areas where Operational Research has been applied. The article is meant to be read in a nonlinear fashion and used as a point of reference by a diverse pool of readers: academics, researchers, students, and practitioners. The entries within the methods and applications sections are presented in alphabetical order. The authors dedicate this paper to the 2023 Turkey/Syria earthquake victims. We sincerely hope that advances in OR will play a role towards minimising the pain and suffering caused by this and future catastrophes

    Flexible Hardware-based Security-aware Mechanisms and Architectures

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    For decades, software security has been the primary focus in securing our computing platforms. Hardware was always assumed trusted, and inherently served as the foundation, and thus the root of trust, of our systems. This has been further leveraged in developing hardware-based dedicated security extensions and architectures to protect software from attacks exploiting software vulnerabilities such as memory corruption. However, the recent outbreak of microarchitectural attacks has shaken these long-established trust assumptions in hardware entirely, thereby threatening the security of all of our computing platforms and bringing hardware and microarchitectural security under scrutiny. These attacks have undeniably revealed the grave consequences of hardware/microarchitecture security flaws to the entire platform security, and how they can even subvert the security guarantees promised by dedicated security architectures. Furthermore, they shed light on the sophisticated challenges particular to hardware/microarchitectural security; it is more critical (and more challenging) to extensively analyze the hardware for security flaws prior to production, since hardware, unlike software, cannot be patched/updated once fabricated. Hardware cannot reliably serve as the root of trust anymore, unless we develop and adopt new design paradigms where security is proactively addressed and scrutinized across the full stack of our computing platforms, at all hardware design and implementation layers. Furthermore, novel flexible security-aware design mechanisms are required to be incorporated in processor microarchitecture and hardware-assisted security architectures, that can practically address the inherent conflict between performance and security by allowing that the trade-off is configured to adapt to the desired requirements. In this thesis, we investigate the prospects and implications at the intersection of hardware and security that emerge across the full stack of our computing platforms and System-on-Chips (SoCs). On one front, we investigate how we can leverage hardware and its advantages, in contrast to software, to build more efficient and effective security extensions that serve security architectures, e.g., by providing execution attestation and enforcement, to protect the software from attacks exploiting software vulnerabilities. We further propose that they are microarchitecturally configured at runtime to provide different types of security services, thus adapting flexibly to different deployment requirements. On another front, we investigate how we can protect these hardware-assisted security architectures and extensions themselves from microarchitectural and software attacks that exploit design flaws that originate in the hardware, e.g., insecure resource sharing in SoCs. More particularly, we focus in this thesis on cache-based side-channel attacks, where we propose sophisticated cache designs, that fundamentally mitigate these attacks, while still preserving performance by enabling that the performance security trade-off is configured by design. We also investigate how these can be incorporated into flexible and customizable security architectures, thus complementing them to further support a wide spectrum of emerging applications with different performance/security requirements. Lastly, we inspect our computing platforms further beneath the design layer, by scrutinizing how the actual implementation of these mechanisms is yet another potential attack surface. We explore how the security of hardware designs and implementations is currently analyzed prior to fabrication, while shedding light on how state-of-the-art hardware security analysis techniques are fundamentally limited, and the potential for improved and scalable approaches

    Applications

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    Volume 3 describes how resource-aware machine learning methods and techniques are used to successfully solve real-world problems. The book provides numerous specific application examples: in health and medicine for risk modelling, diagnosis, and treatment selection for diseases in electronics, steel production and milling for quality control during manufacturing processes in traffic, logistics for smart cities and for mobile communications

    Jornadas Nacionales de Investigación en Ciberseguridad: actas de las VIII Jornadas Nacionales de Investigación en ciberseguridad: Vigo, 21 a 23 de junio de 2023

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    Jornadas Nacionales de Investigación en Ciberseguridad (8ª. 2023. Vigo)atlanTTicAMTEGA: Axencia para a modernización tecnolóxica de GaliciaINCIBE: Instituto Nacional de Cibersegurida

    Operational research:methods and applications

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    Throughout its history, Operational Research has evolved to include a variety of methods, models and algorithms that have been applied to a diverse and wide range of contexts. This encyclopedic article consists of two main sections: methods and applications. The first aims to summarise the up-to-date knowledge and provide an overview of the state-of-the-art methods and key developments in the various subdomains of the field. The second offers a wide-ranging list of areas where Operational Research has been applied. The article is meant to be read in a nonlinear fashion. It should be used as a point of reference or first-port-of-call for a diverse pool of readers: academics, researchers, students, and practitioners. The entries within the methods and applications sections are presented in alphabetical order
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