742 research outputs found
A Comparative Study of the Writing Component of the Language Arts Curricula in Japan and in California\u27s Secondary Schools
Digitized thesi
Living with Diversity Vol. I: 8-9 November 2008, University of Ljubljana
oai:ojs.hass.tsukuba.ac.jp:article/1Living with Diversity, volume I, documents the proceedings of the Slovenia-Japan University Cooperation Network Graduate Student Forum Series held at Ljubljana University in 2008. The proceedings comprise the individual research papers as well as detailed reports of the three discussion sessions. While the individual papers discuss issues from each researcher’s specific field of expertise within the federating theme, the three discussion sessions address a wide range of issues and problems concerning identity, society and language from an essentially trans-disciplinary perspective. 『多様性を生きる』第1巻は、2008年にリュブリャナ大学において開催された「スロベニア・日本学生知的交流会議」の報告書です。本報告書は、個々の論文および3つのディスカッション・セッションの詳報を収めています。各論文においては、統一テーマの枠内で、研究者が各自の専門領域から問題を論じているのに対して、3つのディスカッション・セッションにおいては、本質的に領域横断的な視点から、アイデンティティ、社会、言語に関する広範な論点と課題を取り上げています
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The Use of Final Suffixes in the Negotiation of Interactional Identity and Listenership: A Study of the Endings ‘-supnita/-supnikka’ and ‘-eyo’ in Korean Institutional Conversations
What makes the rich verbal inflection system in Korean grammar even more tangled is the reported presence of formal (‘-supnita/-supnikka’) and casual (‘-eyo’) endings. Many scholars have traditionally categorized them in terms of formality or the level of deference and affection. This approach, however, has paid little attention to how Korean speakers actually ‘code-switch’ between the two forms in a rather dynamic manner at each turn at talk. More recent studies from a more functional perspective mainly focus on the speaker’s side of the interaction. This dissertation analyzes spontaneous conversational data from various institutional settings such as the news interview, variety show, parliamentary hearing, courtroom conversation, and presidential TV debate in an attempt to examine the interactional role of the two Korean endings, ‘-supnita/-supnikka’ and ‘-eyo,’ in the service of social action. I first transcribed the data following the conventions widely used in Conversation Analysis, then marked all the endings employed in 1st pair part questions and 2nd pair part answers by who issued it, and in which pair part and with what local context it was issued. It has been argued that different languages employ different linguistic devices to project and reshape identities of the other(s) present in real-time interaction. My analyses show that in the institutional conversation of Korean, speakers use the two endings in a highly selective manner to achieve the interactional goal of properly registering the other interactant(s) either as an ordinary person (i.e. INTERPERSONAL use coupled with ‘-eyo’) or as one of his/her social roles (i.e. INSTITUTIONAL use paired with ‘-supnita/-supnikka’). This view helps us understand why speakers code-switch between the two endings even when both the situational and the topical formality remain unchanged. Especially, the institutional use can further explain, in a sense that it is a type of non-personal use, the interesting mobilization of ‘-supnita’ in delivering unidirectional notification that does not require any responses from the recipient even within the sequence in which the interpersonal use of ‘-eyo’ is predominant by the same speaker. This unidirectional type of ‘-supnita’ addresses ‘detached’ listenership (i.e. IMPERSONAL use). Also, when these endings appear in a mixed manner, there are distinct sets of co-occurring linguistic devices for different positions in which each ending appears within the same sequence of talk. This study contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the dynamic grammar use driven by the interactional goal of negotiating the moment-by-moment identities of the listener through ongoing talk. It is also demonstrated in this study that by focusing on the ways in which the speaker carefully projects the listener, we can explain and incorporate two seemingly different types: bidirectional usage (interpersonal ‘-eyo’ and institutional ‘-supnita’) and unidirectional usage (impersonal ‘-supnita’) of the endings into one comprehensive model in relation to different interactional identities and distinct types of listenership
2015 Abstract Booklet
Complete Schedule of Events for the 17th Annual Undergraduate Research Symposium at Minnesota State University, Mankato
Instructing Japanese learners in the rhetorical approach to English technical and scientific writing
制度:新 ; 文部省報告番号:乙1716号 ; 学位の種類:博士(教育学) ; 授与年月日:2002/6/25 ; 早大学位記番号:新341
Interests and Power in Language Management
This volume expands the discussion on the language management (LM) framework through two themes: interests and power, which are driving forces of the LM process, observable and describable at every step. It consists of thirteen contributions analyzing diverse situations in Europe, Asia, and Africa. Authors focus on a range of topics, including the role of language ideologies in various types of institutions, such as higher education institutions and language cultivation centers, the struggle to maintain minority languages, the positions of the actors involved in the process of making policies concerning foreign language teaching, or the processes that learning and choosing to use foreign languages entail. Emergent insights into the commonalities in the ways in which interests and power guide or underlie the management of language, communication, and sociocultural problems contribute significantly to the strength of LM as a sociolinguistic framework
Newspaper discourse in wartime and peacetime Japan : a contrastive linquistic and stylistic analysis
Face threats in interpreting : a pragmatic study of plenary debates in the European Parliament
This monograph focuses on pragmatic aspects of simultaneous interpreting, and is
therefore intended both for translation scholars and for linguists interested in interlingual
transfer of pragmatic meaning. Efforts have been made to avoid dense, strictly
scientific language and the use of unexplained specialist terminology in the hope that
the book might also appeal to practicing interpreters and interpreter trainees, although
it should be noted that its character is descriptive rather than prescriptive. The main
problem under discussion is how simultaneous interpreters handle face-threatening
acts and impoliteness directed by politicians at their opponents, and the authentic
material under analysis comes from plenary debates of the European Parliament,
which are routinely interpreted into all the official languages of the European Union.
Chapters 1–4 are meant to set the scene. Chapter 1 presents the European Union
as a multilingual institution, with a special focus on its translation and interpreting
services. Chapter 2 zooms in on the latter, considering such features of plenary debates
of the European Parliament that have direct consequences for interpreting, and also
including an overview of existing research on interpreting for the needs of various
EU bodies. Chapter 3 provides the pragmatic background to the study, shedding light
especially on the crucial notions of “face,” “facework,” “face-threatening acts” and
“impoliteness,” while Chapter 4 reviews existing research on facework performed by
interpreters in various settings and interpreting modes.
The author’s empirical contribution is presented in Chapter 5, which scrutinises
Polish interpretations of British Eurosceptics’ plenary speeches, in particular ones that
fiercely attack and possibly offend the speakers’ political opponents. Five speeches
undergo detailed discourse analysis covering all identifiable aspects of facework as
performed by the original speaker and the interpreter, whereas a considerably larger
corpus of source texts and the corresponding interpretations is analysed both qualitatively
and quantitatively in terms of personal reference and impoliteness. The interpretations
are searched, first and foremost, for signs of interpreting strategies at play
during transfer of face-threatening input. Many of these strategies result in mitigation
of the originally intended impoliteness. Chapter 6 develops this topic, endeavouring
to find multifarious explanations of the pronounced trend towards mitigation by the
interpreter within the wide framework of modern translation studies. Both this chapter
and the final conclusions devote much attention to avenues for future research that
would offer some possibilities of triangulating and complementing the results of the
present study
Critical discourse analysis of Chinese household appliance advertisements from 1981 to 1996
The boom in the Chinese advertising industry after its economic reform in 1978 has aroused the scholarly interest of linguistic researchers. However, most studies of advertising discourse tend to consist of pure linguistic analysis focusing on vocabulary, grammar and textual organization. Little attention has been given to other components, such as the visual images of the advertisements, while study at the ideological level is rare. In order to fill this gap, I employed a critical approach to Chinese household appliance advertisements that appeared in the 1980s and 1990s.The theoretical framework for this research was constructed in line with the theories of Fairclough (1994, 2006), Altheide (1996), Wisker (2008), Halliday (2008) Dyer (1993), Williamson (1978, 2005), and so on. Of these theories, the theory of critical discourse analysis as developed by Norman Fairclough has been central throughout the research. The focus of the research is centered on the particular manifestations of the advertisements in magazines entitled Household Appliance rather than broad generalization. To this end, purposive sampling was undertaken and approximately 82 sample advertisements were collected covering three time periods within the general chronological frame of 1981 to 1996 (i.e. 1981-1985, 1986-1990 and 1991-1996). The data analysis has been conducted on the two major components: first, linguistic features with three values (i.e. experiential, relational and expressive values) and intertextuality; second, the visual images concerning the themes of actors, clothing, props and settings. The research findings revealed that the ideological values in the Chinese household appliance advertisements are embedded in the advertising language and illustrations. These ideological elements represent the values of culture, social relations, economy and politics. The findings also revealed that the ideological values were either dynamic or static, but they were intertwined. Meanwhile, the comparative study of the data over the three phases presented a changing trend in ideological values. In addition these could be seen as related to the changing mainstream values in China. The findings of the analysis suggest that ideological values are adopted in the advertisements consciously or unconsciously to attract viewers’ attention and persuade them to purchase products. Meanwhile, the ideological elements have the function of mirroring and transmitting the values of society. My conclusion is that examining advertising discourse ideologically through linguistic and visual components shows how Chinese ideology moved in a pattern from simplicity to diversity (e.g. more ideologies in terms of number and variety), from being politically-oriented to being economic and profit-oriented, from conservation to globalization and westernization (e.g. more relaxed lifestyle, individuality and spiritual freedom) during the period of 1980s and 1990s. The changing pattern reflects the reality of Chinese politics, economy and society at a time when China experienced the growth of the market economy and evolution of Chinese mainstream ideologies and this also indicates the impact of economic reform on the change of ideological meanings in advertisements. It is hoped that my work allows the researcher to discover more profound meanings behind the superficial content of the advertisements
Political religion in twentieth-century China and its global dimension
Political religion in twentieth-century China and its global dimensio
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