A legacy handbook for manufacturing

Legacy Handbook reviewing emda's experience of manufacturing activity. Identifies key achievements and draws out lessons learned that may be relevant to successor bodies active in this area

Federated Embedded Systems – a review of the literature in related fields

This report is concerned with the vision of smart interconnected objects, a vision that has attracted much attention lately. In this paper, embedded, interconnected, open, and heterogeneous control systems are in focus, formally referred to as Federated Embedded Systems. To place FES into a context, a review of some related research directions is presented. This review includes such concepts as systems of systems, cyber-physical systems, ubiquitous computing, internet of things, and multi-agent systems. Interestingly, the reviewed fields seem to overlap with each other in an increasing number of ways

Industrial, Collaborative and Mobile Robotics in Latin America: Review of Mechatronic Technologies for Advanced Automation

Mechatronics and Robotics (MaR) have recently gained importance in product development and manufacturing settings and applications. Therefore, the Center for Space Emerging Technologies (C-SET) has managed an international multi-disciplinary study to present, historically, the first Latin American general review of industrial, collaborative, and mobile robotics, with the support of North American and European researchers and institutions. The methodology is developed by considering literature extracted from Scopus, Web of Science, and Aerospace Research Central and adding reports written by companies and government organizations. This describes the state-of-the-art of MaR until the year 2023 in the 3 Sub-Regions: North America, Central America, and South America, having achieved important results related to the academy, industry, government, and entrepreneurship; thus, the statistics shown in this manuscript are unique. Also, this article explores the potential for further work and advantages described by robotic companies such as ABB, KUKA, and Mecademic and the use of the Robot Operating System (ROS) in order to promote research, development, and innovation. In addition, the integration with industry 4.0 and digital manufacturing, architecture and construction, aerospace, smart agriculture, artificial intelligence, and computational social science (human-robot interaction) is analyzed to show the promising features of these growing tech areas, considering the improvements to increase production, manufacturing, and education in the Region. Finally, regarding the information presented, Latin America is considered an important location for investments to increase production and product development, taking into account the further proposal for the creation of the LATAM Consortium for Advanced Robotics and Mechatronics, which could support and work on roboethics and education/R+D+I law and regulations in the Region. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-04-025 Full Text: PD

Data-driven through-life costing to support product lifecycle management solutions in innovative product development

Innovative product usually refers to product that comprises of creativity and new ideas. In the development of such a new product, there is often a lack of historical knowledge and data available to be used to perform cost estimation accurately. This is due to the fact that traditional cost estimation methods are used to predict costs only after a product model has been built, and not at an early design stage when there is little data and information available. In light of this, original equipment manufacturers are also facing critical challenges of becoming globally competitive and increasing demands from customer for continuous innovation. To alleviate these situations this research has identified a new approach to cost modelling with the inclusion of product lifecycle management solutions to address innovative product development.The aim of this paper, therefore, is to discuss methods of developing an extended-enterprise data-driven through-life cost estimating method for innovative product development

CHINA’S MILITARY-CIVIL FUSION (MCF) STRATEGY: HOW THREATS AND THE GOVERNMENT LED THE DRIVE FOR TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION

China’s military-civil fusion (MCF) strategy has played a key role in modernizing China’s economy and military from the Deng Xiaoping to Xi Jinping eras and is now being relied on even more with achieving China’s national rejuvenation of establishing a fully developed country with a world-class military by 2049. This thesis seeks to examine the underlying factors driving China’s MCF strategy. This research concluded that China’s MCF strategy was highly reinforced by China’s geostrategic security concerns, state-directed industrial policy, and foreign technology transfers. Deng’s and Hu Jintao’s relatively benign threat assessments allowed them to focus more on legacy domestic policies that made China prosperous, while Jiang Zemin and Xi, on the other hand, faced multiple security pressures, which drove them to seek dual-use technologies from the high-tech private sector for military applications. This thesis also conducted a case study on China’s artificial intelligence (AI) development strategy, which revealed that China’s AI strategy was also driven in large part by geostrategic concerns. However, an equal driving force was China’s local governments as they competed against other cities in the hopes of constructing advanced cities filled with high-tech enterprises and savvy entrepreneurs.Captain, United States Air ForceApproved for public release. Distribution is unlimited

An Ontology for Product-Service Systems

Industries are transforming their business strategy from a product-centric to a more service-centric nature by bundling products and services into integrated solutions to enhance the relationship between their customers. Since Product- Service Systems design research is currently at a rudimentary stage, the development of a robust ontology for this area would be helpful. The advantages of a standardized ontology are that it could help researchers and practitioners to communicate their views without ambiguity and thus encourage the conception and implementation of useful methods and tools. In this paper, an initial structure of a PSS ontology from the design perspective is proposed and evaluated

Contextual impacts on industrial processes brought by the digital transformation of manufacturing: a systematic review

The digital transformation of manufacturing (a phenomenon also known as "Industry 4.0" or "Smart Manufacturing") is finding a growing interest both at practitioner and academic levels, but is still in its infancy and needs deeper investigation. Even though current and potential advantages of digital manufacturing are remarkable, in terms of improved efficiency, sustainability, customization, and flexibility, only a limited number of companies has already developed ad hoc strategies necessary to achieve a superior performance. Through a systematic review, this study aims at assessing the current state of the art of the academic literature regarding the paradigm shift occurring in the manufacturing settings, in order to provide definitions as well as point out recurring patterns and gaps to be addressed by future research. For the literature search, the most representative keywords, strict criteria, and classification schemes based on authoritative reference studies were used. The final sample of 156 primary publications was analyzed through a systematic coding process to identify theoretical and methodological approaches, together with other significant elements. This analysis allowed a mapping of the literature based on clusters of critical themes to synthesize the developments of different research streams and provide the most representative picture of its current state. Research areas, insights, and gaps resulting from this analysis contributed to create a schematic research agenda, which clearly indicates the space for future evolutions of the state of knowledge in this field

Армения на пути к «новой экономике»: оборонная промышленность

In fact, a new arms race could start in the world as a side effect of the so-called “4th Industrial Revolution” – the main innovative trend of which is the widespread use of technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, quantum computing, additive manufacturing, robotics, Internet of things, cloud technologies etc., and the countries involved in military conflicts cannot neglect this circumstance. As a small country, Armenia needs an economy-army coalesced “intelligent” system that will respond adequately to any, even the slightest threat to the country's security. This approach requires the development of indigenous defense industry. It is obvious that the development of Armenian defense industry is in the inevitable point of intersection of the new wave of economic transformations and the breakthrough of the “4th Industrial Revolution”, as the initiator of positive changes in the economy, from which positive externalities must be spread throughout the economy by a chain reaction. The article discusses the issues of defense industry development in Armenia in accordance with new challenges of Industry 4.0.Побочным эффектом так называемой «4-й промышленной революции», основной инновационной тенденцией которой является широкое применение таких технологий, как искусственный интеллект, машинное обучение, квантовые вычисления, аддитивное производство, робототехника, интернет вещей, облачные технологии и т.д., может стать по сути новая гонка вооружений, и страны, вовлеченные в военные конфликты, не могут пренебрегать этим обстоятельством. Как небольшая страна, вовлечённая в локальный конфликт, Армении нужна такая синергетическая (с взаимоусиляющими компонентами) «интеллектуальная» система «армия-экономика», которая сможет адекватно реагировать на любую угрозу безопасности страны. Очевидно, что в неизбежной точке пересечения новой волны экономических преобразований в Армении и нового прорыва «4-ой промышленной революции» находится оборонная промышленность, в качестве инициатора позитивных изменений в экономике, откуда положительные экстерналии цепной реакцией должны распространяться по всей экономике. В статье рассматриваются вопросы развития оборонной промышленности Армении в контексте новых вызовов Индустрии 4.0.

Integrating IVHM and Asset Design

Integrated Vehicle Health Management (IVHM) describes a set of capabilities that enable effective and efficient maintenance and operation of the target vehicle. It accounts for the collection of data, conducting analysis, and supporting the decision-making process for sustainment and operation. The design of IVHM systems endeavours to account for all causes of failure in a disciplined, systems engineering, manner. With industry striving to reduce through-life cost, IVHM is a powerful tool to give forewarning of impending failure and hence control over the outcome. Benefits have been realised from this approach across a number of different sectors but, hindering our ability to realise further benefit from this maturing technology, is the fact that IVHM is still treated as added on to the design of the asset, rather than being a sub-system in its own right, fully integrated with the asset design. The elevation and integration of IVHM in this way will enable architectures to be chosen that accommodate health ready sub-systems from the supply chain and design trade-offs to be made, to name but two major benefits. Barriers to IVHM being integrated with the asset design are examined in this paper. The paper presents progress in overcoming them, and suggests potential solutions for those that remain. It addresses the IVHM system design from a systems engineering perspective and the integration with the asset design will be described within an industrial design process