114 research outputs found
Extracting Knowledge Bases from table-structured Web resources applied to the semantic-based requirements engineering methodology softwiki
Projecte realitzat mitjançant programa de mobilitat. Universität Leipzig.
Fakultät für Mathematik und Informatik
Institut für Informatik
Betriebliche InformationsssystemeOver the last years the use of the Internet by users has evolved drastically from just consulting to publishing, sharing and modifying contents, turning the Internet into a social net in which the possibilities to collaborate and communicate grow every day bigger. A good example are the Wiki systems, which are collaborative, content-focused platforms in which the work of a community is the key to its good performance. Another of the biggest web technology developments of the Internet nowadays is the so-called Semantic Web, a Web in which every piece of data has its context clearly specified and machines are able to understand it. The OntoWiki project merges both Semantic Web and Wiki technology, enabling the definition, modification and visualization of agile, distributed knowledge engineering scenarios. Profiting from the complex extension system of OntoWiki, the SoftWiki platform was born. Thanks to this tool and the associated Agile Requirements Engineering methodology, potentially very large and spatially separate stakeholder groups are able to gather, semantically enrich, classify and aggregate software requirements in an easy manner. Originally created from the desire to import non-semantic requirement data from the Google Code Issues platform to SoftWiki, the CSVLoad extension for OntoWiki enables importing plain data out of CSV table files into OntoWiki with the help of an administrator-defined RDF semantic template, defined with a modified subset of the Turtle (N3) language with support of input and mapping values. The use of CSVLoad and the already defined Google Code Issues Template makes importing the requirements of a project hosted in Google Code into SoftWiki (in other words, into a SWORE ontology) very easy. Some platforms permit exporting only a part (or in some cases none) of their information in standard formats like CSV or RDF. Instead they just show their data in HTML documents, which makes creating general, effective plain-to-semantic importing tools an extremely difficult (and in some cases impossible) task, forcing developers to build custom-made tools. The Gcode extension is a tool specifically built to extract additional requirements information from the Google Code Issues platform HTML code and, together with the CSVLoad tool, it turns importing all the requirements information from Google Code Issues into SoftWiki into an easy, automatic process. By comparing both extensions, their input data and features, the advantages of using structured, view-independent data compared to view-representation-embedded data (e.g. data in a HTML document) become clear. But this data needs a next step, the semantic mark-up, so that computers are able to know the context of the information in an expandable, flexible environment
OntoWiki 1.0: 10 years of development - what's new in OntoWiki
In this demonstration (with supportive poster) we present the semantic data wiki OntoWiki, which was released in version 1.0 just recently. We focus on the changes introduced to the tool in the latest release and showcase the generic data wiki, improvements we made with regard to the documentation as well as three success stories where OntoWiki was adapted and deployed
Ubiquitous Semantic Applications
As Semantic Web technology evolves many open areas emerge, which attract more research focus. In addition to quickly expanding Linked Open Data (LOD) cloud, various embeddable metadata formats (e.g. RDFa, microdata) are becoming more common. Corporations are already using existing Web of Data to create new technologies that were not possible before. Watson by IBM an artificial intelligence computer system capable of answering questions posed in natural language can be a great example.
On the other hand, ubiquitous devices that have a large number of sensors and integrated devices are becoming increasingly powerful and fully featured computing platforms in our pockets and homes. For many people smartphones and tablet computers have already replaced traditional computers as their window to the Internet and to the Web. Hence, the management and presentation of information that is useful to a user is a main requirement for today’s smartphones. And it is becoming extremely important to provide access to the emerging Web of Data from the ubiquitous devices.
In this thesis we investigate how ubiquitous devices can interact with the Semantic Web. We discovered that there are five different approaches for bringing the Semantic Web to ubiquitous devices. We have outlined and discussed in detail existing challenges in implementing this approaches in section 1.2. We have described a conceptual framework for ubiquitous semantic applications in chapter 4. We distinguish three client approaches for accessing semantic data using ubiquitous devices depending on how much of the semantic data processing is performed on the device itself (thin, hybrid and fat clients). These are discussed in chapter 5 along with the solution to every related challenge. Two provider approaches (fat and hybrid) can be distinguished for exposing data from ubiquitous devices on the Semantic Web. These are discussed in chapter 6 along with the solution to every related challenge. We conclude our work with a discussion on each of the contributions of the thesis and propose future work for each of the discussed approach in chapter 7
Towards Accessible, Usable Knowledge Frameworks in Engineering
A substantial amount of research has been done in the field of engineering knowledge management, where countless ontologies have been developed for various applications within the engineering community. However, despite the success shown in these research efforts, the techniques have not been adopted by industry. This research aims to uncover the reasons for the slow adoption of engineering knowledge frameworks, namely ontologies, in industry.
There are two projects covered in this thesis. The first project is the development of a cross-domain ontology for the Biomesh Project, which spans the fields of mechanical engineering, biology, and anthropology. The biology community is known for its embrace of ontologies and has made their use quite popular with the creation of the Gene Ontology. This ontology spawned the establishment of the Open Biological and Biomedical Ontologies (OBO) Foundry, a consortium which approves and curates ontologies in the biology field. No such consortium exists in the field of engineering. This project demonstrates the usefulness of curated reference ontologies. Ontological knowledge bases in four different domains were imported and integrated together to connect previously disparate information. A case study with data from the Biomesh Project demonstrates cross-domain queries and inferences that were not possible before the creation of this ontology.
In the second part of this thesis we investigate the usability of current ontology tools. Protégé, the most popular ontology editing tool, is compared to OntoWiki, a semantic wiki. This comparison is done using proven techniques from the field of Human-computer interaction to uncover usability problems and point out areas where each system excels. A field of 16 subjects completed a set of tasks in each system and gave feedback based on their experience. It is shown that while OntoWiki offers users a satisfying interface, it lacks in some areas that can be easily improved. Protégé provides users with adequate functionality, but it is not intended for a novice user
The Semantic Student: Using Knowledge Modeling Activities to Enhance Enquiry-Based Group Learning in Engineering Education
This paper argues that training engineering students in basic knowledge modeling techniques, using linked data principles, and semantic Web tools – within an enquiry-based group learning environment – enables them to enhance their domain knowledge, and their meta-cognitive skills. Knowledge modeling skills are in keeping with the principles of Universal Design for instruction. Learners are empowered with the regulation of cognition as they become more aware of their own development. This semantic student approach was trialed with a group of 3rd year Computer Engineering Students taking a module on computer architecture. An enquiry-based group learning activity was developed to help learners meet selected module learning outcomes. Learners were required to use semantic feature analysis and linked data principles to create a visual model of their knowledge structure. Results show that overall student attainment was increased when knowledge modeling activities were included as part of the learning process. A recommendation for practice to incorporate knowledge modeling as a learning strategy within an overall engineering curriculum framework is described. This can be achieved using semantic Web technologies such as semantic wikis and linked data tools
Loki : the semantic wiki for collaborative knowledge engineering
We present Loki, a semantic wiki designed to support the collaborative knowledge engineering process with the use of software engineering methods. Designed as a set of DokuWiki plug-ins, it provides a variety of knowledge representation methods, including semantic annotations, Prolog clauses, and business processes and rules oriented to specific tasks. Knowledge stored in Loki can be retrieved via SPARQL queries, in-line Semantic MediaWiki-like queries, or Prolog goals. Loki includes a number of useful features for a group of experts and knowledge engineers developing the wiki, such as knowledge visualization, ontology storage, or code hint and completion mechanism. Reasoning unit tests are also introduced to validate knowledge quality. The paper is complemented by the formulation of the collaborative knowledge engineering process and the description of experiments performed during Loki development to evaluate its functionality. Loki is available as free software at https://loki.re
Semantic Mashup with the Online IDE WikiNEXT
Demo sessionThe proposed demonstration requests DBPedia.org, gets the results and uses them to populate wiki pages with semantic annotations using RDFaLite. These annotations are persisted in a RDF store and we will show how this data can be reused by other applications, e.g. for a semantic mashup that displays all collected metadata about cities on a single map page. It has been developed using WikiNEXT, a mix between a semantic wiki and a web-based IDE. The tool is online 1 , open source 2 ; screencasts are available on YouTube (look for "WikiNext")
- …