A Survey on Enterprise Network Security: Asset Behavioral Monitoring and Distributed Attack Detection

Enterprise networks that host valuable assets and services are popular and frequent targets of distributed network attacks. In order to cope with the ever-increasing threats, industrial and research communities develop systems and methods to monitor the behaviors of their assets and protect them from critical attacks. In this paper, we systematically survey related research articles and industrial systems to highlight the current status of this arms race in enterprise network security. First, we discuss the taxonomy of distributed network attacks on enterprise assets, including distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) and reconnaissance attacks. Second, we review existing methods in monitoring and classifying network behavior of enterprise hosts to verify their benign activities and isolate potential anomalies. Third, state-of-the-art detection methods for distributed network attacks sourced from external attackers are elaborated, highlighting their merits and bottlenecks. Fourth, as programmable networks and machine learning (ML) techniques are increasingly becoming adopted by the community, their current applications in network security are discussed. Finally, we highlight several research gaps on enterprise network security to inspire future research.Comment: Journal paper submitted to Elseive

The intractable refugee gap in the Nordics: can human rights make a difference?

It is often postulated that third, faraway non-adjacent countries, the Nordics for example, collaborate with UNHCR, to permanently resettle a few refugees on a quota basis, as a ground to provide a durable solution to one of the most intractable refugee situations. Although, the decision is discretionary and benevolent, it is nonetheless grounded in international customary law since, normatively, refugees are to be protected from acts of persecution, scenes of desolation and other glaring human rights abuses, even by States which are yet to sign or formally ratify the Refugee Convention and the Refugee Protocol. The sought-after solution, however, often becomes a short-term palliative because, nearly half of the refugees partially, intermittently, or never participate in gainful employment. The act violates one of the most fundamental and internationally recognized right to work. Under similar circumstances, other social and economic rights are also violated because, human rights are universal, indivisible, and interdependent and interrelated. The violation results in the Refugee Gap, which calls for crafting remedies even when the causal linkages, the prima facie evidences, sound too remote from justiciability. This thesis approached the Gap using a novel method, by means of a multidisciplinary approach. It looked at the discrete events that cause and perpetuate the Gap, and how the natural consequences are captured and synthesized, using principles and norms developed from international human rights, regional as well as domestic jurisprudence. In the short-term, even when economic and social rights are fully respected at minimum level, the Gap is ineluctable because of refugees’ endogenous vulnerabilities. In the long-term, however, the Gap is symptomatic of the States’ partial failure to respect, protect, and fulfil, the ipso facto human rights obligations. Finally, the exogenous factors which refugees have no much control over, are so powerful, that crafting remedies becomes an intricate process. Therefore, the panacea to the Gap and the full realization of refugees’ right to work, inter alia, cannot be achieved without full commitment from authorities

An evaluation of the challenges of Multilingualism in Data Warehouse development

In this paper we discuss Business Intelligence and define what is meant by support for Multilingualism in a Business Intelligence reporting context. We identify support for Multilingualism as a challenging issue which has implications for data warehouse design and reporting performance. Data warehouses are a core component of most Business Intelligence systems and the star schema is the approach most widely used to develop data warehouses and dimensional Data Marts. We discuss the way in which Multilingualism can be supported in the Star Schema and identify that current approaches have serious limitations which include data redundancy and data manipulation, performance and maintenance issues. We propose a new approach to enable the optimal application of multilingualism in Business Intelligence. The proposed approach was found to produce satisfactory results when used in a proof-of-concept environment. Future work will include testing the approach in an enterprise environmen

Aerospace Medicine and Biology - A continuing bibliography with indexes, September 1970

Annotated bibliography and indexes on Aerospace Medicine and Biology - Sept. 197