3,848 research outputs found
A surgical system for automatic registration, stiffness mapping and dynamic image overlay
In this paper we develop a surgical system using the da Vinci research kit
(dVRK) that is capable of autonomously searching for tumors and dynamically
displaying the tumor location using augmented reality. Such a system has the
potential to quickly reveal the location and shape of tumors and visually
overlay that information to reduce the cognitive overload of the surgeon. We
believe that our approach is one of the first to incorporate state-of-the-art
methods in registration, force sensing and tumor localization into a unified
surgical system. First, the preoperative model is registered to the
intra-operative scene using a Bingham distribution-based filtering approach. An
active level set estimation is then used to find the location and the shape of
the tumors. We use a recently developed miniature force sensor to perform the
palpation. The estimated stiffness map is then dynamically overlaid onto the
registered preoperative model of the organ. We demonstrate the efficacy of our
system by performing experiments on phantom prostate models with embedded stiff
inclusions.Comment: International Symposium on Medical Robotics (ISMR 2018
Planning and Real Time Control of a Minimally Invasive Robotic Surgery System
This paper introduces the planning and control software of a teleoperating robotic system for minimally invasive surgery. It addresses the problem of how to organize a complex system with 41 degrees of freedom including robot setup planning, force feedback control and nullspace handling with three robotic arms. The planning software is separated into sequentially executed planning and registration procedures. An optimal setup is first planned in virtual reality and then adapted to variations in the operating room. The real time control system is composed of hierarchical layers. The design is flexible and expandable without losing performance. Structure, functionality and implementation of planning and control are described. The robotic system provides the surgeon with an intuitive hand-eye-coordination and force feedback in teleoperation for both hands
Towards retrieving force feedback in robotic-assisted surgery: a supervised neuro-recurrent-vision approach
Robotic-assisted minimally invasive surgeries have gained a lot of popularity over conventional procedures as they offer many benefits to both surgeons and patients. Nonetheless, they still suffer from some limitations that affect their outcome. One of them is the lack of force feedback which restricts the surgeon's sense of touch and might reduce precision during a procedure. To overcome this limitation, we propose a novel force estimation approach that combines a vision based solution with supervised learning to estimate the applied force and provide the surgeon with a suitable representation of it. The proposed solution starts with extracting the geometry of motion of the heart's surface by minimizing an energy functional to recover its 3D deformable structure. A deep network, based on a LSTM-RNN architecture, is then used to learn the relationship between the extracted visual-geometric information and the applied force, and to find accurate mapping between the two. Our proposed force estimation solution avoids the drawbacks usually associated with force sensing devices, such as biocompatibility and integration issues. We evaluate our approach on phantom and realistic tissues in which we report an average root-mean square error of 0.02 N.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft
Computer- and robot-assisted Medical Intervention
Medical robotics includes assistive devices used by the physician in order to
make his/her diagnostic or therapeutic practices easier and more efficient.
This chapter focuses on such systems. It introduces the general field of
Computer-Assisted Medical Interventions, its aims, its different components and
describes the place of robots in that context. The evolutions in terms of
general design and control paradigms in the development of medical robots are
presented and issues specific to that application domain are discussed. A view
of existing systems, on-going developments and future trends is given. A
case-study is detailed. Other types of robotic help in the medical environment
(such as for assisting a handicapped person, for rehabilitation of a patient or
for replacement of some damaged/suppressed limbs or organs) are out of the
scope of this chapter.Comment: Handbook of Automation, Shimon Nof (Ed.) (2009) 000-00
Dynamic Active Constraints for Surgical Robots using Vector Field Inequalities
Robotic assistance allows surgeons to perform dexterous and tremor-free
procedures, but robotic aid is still underrepresented in procedures with
constrained workspaces, such as deep brain neurosurgery and endonasal surgery.
In these procedures, surgeons have restricted vision to areas near the surgical
tooltips, which increases the risk of unexpected collisions between the shafts
of the instruments and their surroundings. In this work, our
vector-field-inequalities method is extended to provide dynamic
active-constraints to any number of robots and moving objects sharing the same
workspace. The method is evaluated with experiments and simulations in which
robot tools have to avoid collisions autonomously and in real-time, in a
constrained endonasal surgical environment. Simulations show that with our
method the combined trajectory error of two robotic systems is optimal.
Experiments using a real robotic system show that the method can autonomously
prevent collisions between the moving robots themselves and between the robots
and the environment. Moreover, the framework is also successfully verified
under teleoperation with tool-tissue interactions.Comment: Accepted on T-RO 2019, 19 Page
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