32,338 research outputs found

    Improvement in the management of cryptographic keys in a HSM and proposal of an Outdoor Position Certification Authority

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    2017 - 2018The following doctoral thesis comprises two distinct sections, both describing a specific applied research concerning the macro-theme of computer security. The first section describes a proposal for the improvement and optimization of the storage space required for the management of cryptographic keys within a Hardware Security Module (HSM), whereas the second section outlines the design of an Outdoor Position Certification Authority (OPCA), a distributed client-server architecture aimed for the validation and certification of the positioning of a mobile device. A Hardware Security Module is a special device designed for cryptographic operations and cryptographic keys management. The latter keys are stored into the HSM and never exposed outside the device. All the operations carried out through the keys are performed inside the HSM so the operations result is indeed the only external outcome produced by the HSM. In order for the HSM to store all the keys that have to be managed, plenty of storage space is required. The biggest data centres, handling millions of cryptographic keys, need to host a large number of HSMs. The related costs are proportional to the number of HSMs used. These costs include: hardware, energy consumption, network hosting, network speed, management, etc. In this thesis, there can be found two methods to save the space useful for the storage of the keys in a HSM, so to reduce the number of HSMs needed and all related costs. While reducing costs on storage, expenses related to computation time will increase. The outlined Outdoor Position Certification Authority represents the project and design of a certification authority whose purpose is to certify the positioning of a mobile device equipped with a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) receiver. In general, a GNSS receiver is capable of acquiring radio signals (lowlevel data) and navigation messages (high-level data) in the outdoor environments coming from different constellations of global/regional satellite navigation systems and satellite-based augmentation system (SBAS). To date, these data are not reliable from a security point of view, because they can be easily forged by malicious attackers through specialized spoofing techniques. An OPCA defines a client/server architecture through which a user can certify his position by sending to one or more remote servers the geo-localization information required for its verification. Once the truthfulness and reliability of the data received have been verified, the OPCA will issue and then send to the client a digitally signed document having legal force and certifying the position of the user in a given moment. The use of this service will concern different and multiple scenarios and the devices requiring it will extensively grow in number thanks to the spread of the Internet of Things (IoT). Here are some possible scenarios: remote digital signing of a document for users located in a specific place; certification of the geographical position of a user in a given moment; certification of geographical position related to the delivery of valuable goods; certification of geographical position in case of critical events, such as rescue operations, police actions, etc. The first section of this thesis has been carried out based on two scientific publications. The first one, entitled “Reducing Costs in HSM-Based Data Centres”, is a conference publication presented during the “International Conference on Green, Pervasive, and Cloud Computing 2017 (GPC 2017) at Cetara (SA)”. This paper offers a first experimental evaluation of what will be found in the next pages and referred to as “Enhanced HSM (EHSM)”. The second paper is a journal version, published in the “Journal of High Speed Networks (JHSN) - IOS Press”. In this publication, an alternative approach has been illustrated in relation to the issue of space storage in the key management of a HSM. The second section of the thesis is based on an International Patent registered at the European Patent Organization (EPO), its official number being EP 18724344.9, and on a related paper, being completed, entitled “Design of an Outdoor Position Certification Authority”. [edited by author]XVII n.s. (XXXI ciclo

    The Organic Market in Switzerland and the EU - Overview and market access information for producers and international trading companies

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    The organic market is highly diverse. Production standards and certification and trade rules place considerable demands upon market participants. At the same time, this market holds out excellent opportunities for creative and circumspect producers, processors and traders. To operate successfully in organic import and export business alike, it is crucial to have accurate information on the potential of the specific organic market and on the conditions governing market access. The attractively designed handbook offers the very latest market information for producers an international trading companies, organized both by product group an by country on 80 pages. This second edition is updated in all chapters and has in addition three new markets: Austria, Italy and Sweden. In addition, the handbook provides an easily accessible overview of the - in some instances - quite complicates - import requirements applicable in Switzerland and the EU. In a further 50-page appendix, the handbook contains an extensive collection of addresses (trading companies, authorities, certification bodies, organizations etc.) and Internet Websites. The second edition of this handbook has been produced in English

    Chapter 3 - University Planning Standards

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    Vestal Central School District and Vestal Teachers Association (1999)

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    Montgomery County Board of Education and Montgomery County Education Association (1990)

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    Mass-Market Receiver for Static Positioning: Tests and Statistical Analyses

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    Nowadays, there are several low cost GPS receivers able to provide both pseudorange and carrier phase measurements in the L1band, that allow to have good realtime performances in outdoor condition. The present paper describes a set of dedicated tests in order to evaluate the positioning accuracy in static conditions. The quality of the pseudorange and the carrier phase measurements let hope for interesting results. The use of such kind of receiver could be extended to a large number of professional applications, like engineering fields: survey, georeferencing, monitoring, cadastral mapping and cadastral road. In this work, the receivers performance is verified considering a single frequency solution trying to fix the phase ambiguity, when possible. Different solutions are defined: code, float and fix solutions. In order to solve the phase ambiguities different methods are considered. Each test performed is statistically analyzed, highlighting the effects of different factors on precision and accurac

    A Curriculum for Excellence: a review of approaches to recognising wider achievement

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    The is the report of work undertaken by the Quality in Education Centre of the University of Strathclyde on behalf of Learning and Teaching Scotland into Recognising WiderAchievements of young people both in and out of school.Desk research and empirical research were undertaken in January and February 2007. This short timescale inevitably limited the extent of the work undertaken. The views ofstakeholders were sought through interviews and questionnaires. Definitions of wider achievement have been emerging in the UK since four key areaswere identified by the DfES (DfES, 1984). These were recognised in 'National Records of Achievement' and included recognition of achievement (exams and other activities), motivation and personal development, curriculum organisation, and a document of recordthat is 'recognised and valued'. Further policy development in the 1990s and into this century raised further issues including the range of activities and variation in types oflearning, equity of access to opportunities, and challenges of assessment

    High Time for Conservation: Adding the Environment to the Debate on Marijuana Liberalization

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    The liberalization of marijuana policies, including the legalization of medical and recreational marijuana, is sweeping the United States and other countries. Marijuana cultivation can have significant negative collateral effects on the environment that are often unknown or overlooked. Focusing on the state of California, where by some estimates 60% -- 70% of the marijuana consumed in the United States is grown, we argue that (a) the environmental harm caused by marijuana cultivation merits a direct policy response, (b) current approaches to governing the environmental effects are inadequate, and (c) neglecting discussion of the environmental impacts of cultivation when shaping future marijuana use and possession policies represents a missed opportunity to reduce, regulate, and mitigate environmental harm
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