460 research outputs found

    A Novel Transparent UWB Antenna for Photovoltaic Solar Panel Integration and RF Energy Harvesting

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    A novel transparent ultra-wideband antenna for photovoltaic solar-panel integration and RF energy harvesting is proposed in this paper. Since the approval by the Federal Communications Committee (FCC) in 2002, much research has been undertaken on UWB technology, especially for wireless communications. However, in the last decade, UWB has also been proposed as a power harvester. In this paper, a transparent cone-top-tapered slot antenna covering the frequency range from 2.2 to 12.1 GHz is designed and fabricated to provide UWB communications whilst integrated onto solar panels as well as harvest electromagnetic waves from free space and convert them into electrical energy. The antenna when sandwiched between an a-Si solar panel and glass is able to demonstrate a quasi omni-directional pattern that is characteristic of a UWB. The antenna when connected to a 2.55-GHz rectifier is able to produce 18-mV dc in free space and 4.4-mV dc on glass for an input power of 10 dBm at a distance of 5 cm. Although the antenna presented in this paper is a UWB antenna, only an operating range of 2.49 to 2.58 GHz for power scavenging is possible due to the limitation of the narrowband rectifier used for the study

    RF energy harvesters for wireless sensors, state of the art, future prospects and challenges: a review

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    The power consumption of portable gadgets, implantable medical devices (IMDs) and wireless sensor nodes (WSNs) has reduced significantly with the ongoing progression in low-power electronics and the swift advancement in nano and microfabrication. Energy harvesting techniques that extract and convert ambient energy into electrical power have been favored to operate such low-power devices as an alternative to batteries. Due to the expanded availability of radio frequency (RF) energy residue in the surroundings, radio frequency energy harvesters (RFEHs) for low-power devices have garnered notable attention in recent times. This work establishes a review study of RFEHs developed for the utilization of low-power devices. From the modest single band to the complex multiband circuitry, the work reviews state of the art of required circuitry for RFEH that contains a receiving antenna, impedance matching circuit, and an AC-DC rectifier. Furthermore, the advantages and disadvantages associated with various circuit architectures are comprehensively discussed. Moreover, the reported receiving antenna, impedance matching circuit, and an AC-DC rectifier are also compared to draw conclusions towards their implementations in RFEHs for sensors and biomedical devices applications

    Octave and Decade UWB Rectifiers Based on Non-Uniform Transmission Lines for Energy Harvesting

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    A Co-Planar Waveguide Ultra-Wideband Antenna for Ambient Wi-Fi RF Power Transmission and Energy Harvesting Applications

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    This study proposes an ultra-wideband antenna for ambient radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting applications. The antenna is based on a co-planar waveguide (CPW) transmission line and incorporates a rectangular slot as an antenna harvester. The proposed antenna utilizes an evolutionary design process to achieve impedance matching of the 50 Ω CPW feeding line over the desired frequency bands. A parametric study investigates CPW elements and rectangular slot size. The harvester antenna is then connected to the primary rectifier circuit of the voltage doubler to examine the signal characteristics. The antenna covers the Industry, Science, and Medicine (ISM) Wi-Fi bands of 2.45 GHz and 5 GHz, achieving a realized gain of 3.641 dBi and 4.644 dBi at 2.45 GHz and 5 GHz, respectively. It exhibits a relatively broad frequency ranging from 2.16 GHz to 6.32 GHz, covering the ultra-wideband fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 105%

    Design Issues in Radio Frequency Energy Harvesting System

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    Rectenna Systems for RF Energy Harvesting and Wireless Power Transfer

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    With the rapid development of the wireless systems and demands of low-power integrated electronic circuits, various research trends have tended to study the feasibility of powering these circuits by harvesting free energy from ambient electromagnetic space or by using dedicated RF source. Wireless power transmission (WPT) technology was first pursued by Tesla over a century ago. However, it faced several challenges for deployment in real applications. Recently, energy harvesting and WPT technologies have received much attention as a clean and renewable power source. Rectenna (rectifying antenna) system can be used for remotely charging batteries in several sensor networks at internet of things (IoT) applications as commonly used in smart buildings, implanted medical devices and automotive applications. Rectenna, which is used to convert from RF energy to usable DC electrical energy, is mainly a combination between a receiving antenna and a rectifier circuit. This chapter will present several designs for single and multiband rectennas with different characteristics for energy harvesting applications. Single and multiband antennas as well as rectifier circuits with matching networks are introduced for complete successful rectenna circuit models. At the end of the chapter, a dual-band rectenna example is introduced with a detailed description for each section of the rectenna

    Highly Efficient Omnidirectional Integrated Multi-Band Wireless Energy Harvesters for Compact Sensor Nodes of Internet-of-Things

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