Low-cost web-based Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition system for a microgrid testbed: A case study in design and implementation for academic and research applications

[EN] This paper presents the design and implementation of a low-cost Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition system based on a Web interface to be applied to a Hybrid Renewable Energy System (HRES) microgrid. This development will provide a reliable and low-cost control and data acquisition systems for the Renewable Energy Laboratory a Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (LabDER-UPV) in Spain, oriented to the research on microgrid stability and energy generation. The developed low-cost SCADA operates on a microgrid that incorporates a photovoltaic array, a wind turbine, a biomass gasification plant and a battery bank as an energy storage system. Sensors and power meters for electrical parameters, such as voltage, current, frequency, power factor, power generation, and energy consumption, were processed digitally and integrated into Arduino-based devices. A master device on a Raspberry-PI board was set up to send all this information to a local database (DB), and a MySQL Web-DB linked to a Web SCADA interface, programmed in HTML5. The communications protocols include TCP/IP, I2C, SPI, and Serial communication; Arduino-based slave devices communicate with the master Raspberry-PI using NRF24L01 wireless radio frequency transceivers. Finally, a comparison between a standard SCADA against the developed Web-based SCADA system is carried out. The results of the operative tests and the cost comparison of the own-designed developed Web-SCADA system prove its reliability and low-cost, on average an 86% cheaper than a standard brandmark solution, for controlling, monitoring and data logging information, as well as for local and remote operation system when applied to the HRES microgrid testbed.Vargas Salgado, CA.; Águila-León, J.; Chiñas-Palacios, C.; Hurtado-Perez, E. (2019). Low-cost web-based Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition system for a microgrid testbed: A case study in design and implementation for academic and research applications. Heliyon. 5(9):1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02474S1115

OpenZmeter: An Efficient Low-Cost Energy Smart Meter and Power Quality Analyzer

Power quality and energy consumption measurements support providers and energy users with solutions for acquiring and reporting information about the energy supply for residential, commercial, and industrial sectors. In particular, since the average number of electronic devices in homes increases year by year and their sensitivity is very high, it is not only important to monitor the total energy consumption, but also the quality of the power supplied. However, in practice, end-users do not have information about the energy consumption in real-time nor about the quality of the power they receive, because electric energy meters are too expensive and complex to be handled. In order to overcome these inconveniences, an innovative, open source, low-cost, precise, and reliable power and electric energy meter is presented that can be easily installed and managed by any inexperienced user at their own home in urban or rural areas. The system was validated in a real house over a period of two weeks, showing interesting results and findings which validate our proposal

Control and Visualization of Rotary Inverted Pendulum using REX Control System and I/O Modules B-R X20

Import 26/06/2013Tato práce se zabývá návrhem a realizací regulátoru pro fyzikální model rotačního invertního kyvadla. Součástí práce je studium základních metod syntéz zpětnovazebních regulačních obvodů a moderních metod řízení. Dále seznámením se s matematickým a fyzikálním modelem kyvadla. Stěžejním je volba typu regulátoru a jeho návrh. Tento regulátor je pak simulován v prostředí REX + Simulink. Dále následuje realizace navrženého regulačního algoritmu s využitím řídicího systému REX, modulů B-R řady X20 a jednodeskového PC s OS Linux/Xenomai. GUI je realizovanéve vybraném vizualizačním systému SCADA/HMI nebo s využitím technologie HTML5.This paper describes the design and implementation of a physical model controller for a rotary inverted pendulum. Part of this work is to study the basic methods of synthesis of feedback control circuits and modern management methods. Further acquaintance with the mathematical and physical model of the pendulum. The key is the choice of the type of controller and its design. This controller is then simulated in REX + Simulink environment. This is followed by implementation of the proposed control algorithm using control system REX, BR Series X20 modules and single-PC with Linux/Xenomai. GUI is selected implemented by visualization system SCADA / HMI or using HTML5 technology.450 - Katedra kybernetiky a biomedicínského inženýrstvívelmi dobř

Visualisointivaatimukset ja konseptit yhdistetyssä SCADA- ja DMS -järjestelmässä

The use of SCADA and DMS systems in the main control center of a distribution company overlaps. A new common user interface framework for SCADA and DMS systems in ABB MicroSCADA Pro is currently in development, and it was piloted in this thesis. To be able to make a successful user interface for a combined SCADA and DMS system, it must be known how the systems are used. In this thesis, three distribution companies were visited to identify most common tasks performed in the main control center. Three most common tasks performed in the main control center of a distribution company are supervision, fault management, and maintenance outage management. The supervision task consisting of high voltage, medium voltage, and low voltage network supervision, power management and system supervision, is described in this thesis. The fault management and maintenance outage management tasks are described with as much details as possible and also the specialties caused by a major disturbance situation is covered. In addition to the most common tasks, also visualization requirements for a combined SCADA and DMS system were gathered during the visits. The requirements were gathered by studying the problems in the existing systems as well as the ideas and solutions found in the distribution companies current systems. It was found out that for a combined SCADA and DMS system, there are visualization requirements concerning events and alarms, navigation and zooming, supervision and overviews, fault management and maintenance outage management. In this thesis, four visualization prototypes to help fault management were created into the common user interface framework. The four visualizations form a basis for a new fault management dashboard. The fault management dashboard supports the new fault management model introduced in this thesis. Also visualization concepts to help operators in maintenance outage management and power management were created. This thesis concludes, that many kinds of visualizations are required for a combined SCADA and DMS system. The faults and alarms in the system should be clearly visualized, especially in a major disturbance situation. In a combined SCADA and DMS system, the operator can work more effectively, because only one user interface is required. The common user interface framework was found to have a good potential to become a successful user interface for a combined SCADA and DMS system: No major problems were found and integrating data from both systems into one user interface was found easy and efficient. Going forward, the visualizations in the fault management dashboard should be finalized and deployed into real environments. A few improvements should be implemented into the common user interface framework, and a lot of new visualizations are required to support all required features in a combined SCADA and DMS system

Use Of REX Control System For The Ball On Spool Model

This paper deals with the design and implementation of linear quadratic controller (LQR) for modeling of Ball on Spool. The paper presents the entire process, starting from mathematical model through control design towards application of controller with the use of given hardware platform. Proposed solution by means of REX Control System provides a high level of user comfort regarding implementation of control loop, diagnostics and automatically generated visualization based on HTML5. It represents an ideal example of a complex nonlinear mechatronic system with a lot of possibilities to apply other types of controllers.Web of Science66421921

Web-pohjainen valvomojärjelmä teolliseen internetiin

In the shift towards an Industrial Internet, programmable logic controllers, used to drive processes in industrial facilities, are more intelligent and capable of mutual communication and independent decision-making. Essentially, these controllers are also directly connected to the Internet, which opens new possibilities for the implementation of process control and monitoring systems. The goal of this thesis is to assess the suitability of web technologies for the development of supervisory control and data acquisition systems. The assessment is performed by developing a web-based monitoring system and comparing it to other solutions currently in the market. The available features and usability are used as the criterion for the comparison. The OPC UA standard for industrial information modeling and data transfer is used as the Industrial Internet platform when developing the application. The practical part of the thesis is concerned with the development of a generic OPC UA web client. The web client serves as a framework for the development of web-based supervisory control systems that take advantage of the standard data modeling features of OPC UA. Modern web technologies enable the implementation of periodic updates and reusable user interface components, and a uniform service interface transfers the application state with service requests. A central theme in the thesis is the integration of software components written in the Java and JavaScript programming languages. The implementation shows that web techniques can be used to implement both request/response based and event-based information transfer between logic controllers and end-user devices. The standardization of reusable web components makes the development of web-based industrial monitoring systems more attractive by allowing to combine functionality and style definitions into uniform building blocks. Finally, incompatibility issues between OPC UA sessions and the RESTful architecture were identified and assigned as subjects of future work.Teollisen internetin suuntauksessa teollisuuslaitoksia ohjaavat ohjelmoitavat logiikkapiirit ovat aikaisempaa älykkäämpiä, kyeten keskinäiseen kommunikointiin sekä itsenäiseen päätöksentekoon. Oleellisesti nämä logiikat ovat myös suoraan kytkettyinä internetiin, mikä avaa uusia mahdollisuuksia niin prosessiohjauksen kuin valvomojärjestelmienkin toteuttamiselle. Tämän diplomityön tarkoituksena on arvioida web tekniikoiden soveltuvuutta valvomojärjestelmien kehitykseen. Arviointi perustuu työn tuloksena toteutettavan web-pohjaisen valvomoratkaisun vertaamiseen muihin markkinoilla tarjolla oleviin ratkaisuihin. Vertailukriteereinä ovat ratkaisujen ominaisuudet ja käytettävyys. Teollisen internetin alustana toteutuksessa käytetään teollisen tiedonsiirron ja tiedonmallinnuksen standardia OPC UA:ta. Työn tuloksena toteutetaan OPC UA standardiin perustuvan web-pohjaisen valvomo-ohjelman prototyyppi. Prototyyppi käsittää kehikon teollisen tiedon lukemiselle ja ohjauskomentojen lähettämiselle OPC UA osoiteavaruuteen tuotujen tietomallien kautta. Nykyaikaiset webtekniikat mahdollistavat jaksottaisten tapahtumien sekä uudelleenkäytettävien valvomokomponenttien toteutuksen. Yhtenäinen palvelurajapinta perustuu sovelluksen tilan siirtämiseen palvelupyyntöjen yhteydessä. Lisäksi työn keskeisenä teemana on Java- ja JavaScript ohjelmointikielillä toteutettujen kirjastojen yhteensovittaminen. Toteutus osoittaa, että web tekniikoilla on mahdollista toteuttaa sekä kyselyihin että tapahtumiin perustuva tiedonsiirto ohjelmoitavien logiikoiden ja päätelaitteiden välille. Uudelleenkäytettävien web komponenttien standardointi tekee teollisten valvomojärjestelmien toteuttamisesta entistä houkuttelevampaa mahdollistamalla toiminnallisuuden ja tyylimäärittelyiden pakkaamisen itsenäisiksi kokonaisuuksiksi. Keskeisenä ongelmana jatkokehityksen kannalta todetaan tilallisten OPC UA palveluiden yhteensopimattomuus tilattomiin web rajapintakutsuihin