11,743 research outputs found

    Informatics innovation in clinical care: A visionary scenario for dentistry

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    Health information technology (HIT) is one of the most significant developments in health care in recent years. However, there is still a large gap between how HIT could support clinical work versus how it does. In this project, we developed a visionary scenario to identify opportunities for improving patient care in dentistry. In the scenario, patients and care providers are supported by a ubiquitous, embedded computing infrastructure that captures and processes data streams from multiple sources. Practical decision support, as well as automated background data processing (e.g., to screen for common conditions), helps clinicians provide quality care. A holistic view of clinical information technology (IT) focuses on supporting clinicians and patients in a user-centered manner. While clinical IT is still in very much a work in progress, scenarios such as the one presented may be helpful to keep us focused on the possibilities of tomorrow, not on the limitations of today

    Craniofacial Growth Series Volume 56

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    https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/153991/1/56th volume CF growth series FINAL 02262020.pdfDescription of 56th volume CF growth series FINAL 02262020.pdf : Proceedings of the 46th Annual Moyers Symposium and 44th Moyers Presymposiu

    Designing Clinical Data Presentation Using Cognitive Task Analysis Methods

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    Despite the many decades of research on effective use of clinical systems in medicine, the adoption of health information technology to improve patient care continues to be slow especially in ambulatory settings. This applies to dentistry as well, a primary care discipline with approximately 137,000 practicing dentists in the United States. One critical reason is the poor usability of clinical systems, which makes it difficult for providers to navigate through the system and obtain an integrated view of patient data during patient care. Cognitive science methods have shown significant promise to meaningfully inform and formulate the design, development and assessment of clinical information systems. Most of these methods were applied to evaluate the design of systems after they have been developed. Very few studies, on the other hand, have used cognitive engineering methods to inform the design process for a system itself. It is this gap in knowledge – how cognitive engineering methods can be optimally applied to inform the system design process – that this research seeks to address through this project proposal. This project examined the cognitive processes and information management strategies used by dentists during a typical patient exam and used the results to inform the design of an electronic dental record interface. The resulting 'proof of concept' was evaluated to determine the effectiveness and efficiency of such a cognitively engineered and application flow design. The results of this study contribute to designing clinical systems that provide clinicians with better cognitive support during patient care. Such a system will contribute to enhancing the quality and safety of patient care, and potentially to reducing healthcare costs

    Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the students’ perceptions to the use of 3D electronic models in problem-based learning

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    Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Hong Kong has introduced innovative blended problem-based learning (PBL) with the aid of 3D electronic models (e-models) to Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) curriculum. Statistical results of pre- and post-semester questionnaire surveys illustrated compatibility of e-models in PBL settings. The students’ importance ratings of two objectives “Complete assigned tasks on time” and “Active listener”, and twenty-two facilitator evaluation items including critical thinking and group problem-solving skills had increased significantly. The students’ PBL preparation behavior, attentions to problem understanding, problem analysis, and learning resource quality were also found to be related to online support of e-models and its software. Qualitative analysis of open-ended questions with visual text analytic software “Leximancer” improved validity of statistical results. Using e-model functions in treatment planning, problem analysis and giving instructions provided a method of informative communication. Therefore, it is critical for the faculty to continuously provide facilitator training and quality online e-model resources to the students.published_or_final_versio

    Blended learning in dentistry: 3-D resources for inquiry-based learning

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    How to Obtain an Orthodontic Virtual Patient through Superimposition of Three-Dimensional Data: A Systematic Review

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    Background: This systematic review summarizes the current knowledge on the superimposition of three-dimensional (3D) diagnostic records to realize an orthodontic virtual patient. The aim of this study is to analyze the accuracy of the state-of-the-art digital workflow. Methods: The research was carried out by an electronic and manual query eectuated from ISS (Istituto Superiore di Sanit\ue0 in Rome) on three dierent databases (MEDLINE, Cochrane Library and ISI WEB OF SCIENCE) up to 31st January 2020. The search focused on studies that superimposed at least two dierent 3D records to build up a 3D virtual patient\u2014information about the devices used to acquire 3D data, the software used to match data and the superimposition method applied have been summarized. Results: 1374 titles were retrieved from the electronic search. After title-abstract screening, 65 studies were selected. After full-text analysis, 21 studies were included in the review. Dierent 3D datasets were used: facial skeleton (FS), extraoral soft tissues (ST) and dentition (DENT). The information provided by the 3D data was superimposed in four dierent combinations: FS + DENT (13 papers), FS + ST (5 papers), ST + DENT (2 papers) and all the types (FS + ST + DENT) (1 paper). Conclusions: The surface-based method was most frequently used for 3D objects superimposition (11 papers), followed by the point-based method (6 papers), with or without fiducial markers, and the voxel-based method (1 paper). Most of the papers analyzed the accuracy of the superimposition procedure (15 papers), while the remaining were proof-of-principles (10 papers) or compared dierent methods (3 papers). Further studies should focus on the definition of a gold standard. The patient is going to have a huge advantage from complete digital planning when more information about the spatial relationship of anatomical structures are needed: ectopic, impacted and supernumerary teeth, root resorption and angulations, cleft lip and palate (CL/P), alveolar boundary conditions, periodontally compromised patients, temporary anchorage devices (TADs), maxillary transverse deficiency, airway analyses, obstructive sleep apnea (OSAS), TMJ disorders and orthognathic and cranio-facial surgery

    Advances in Teaching & Learning Day Abstracts 2005

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    Proceedings of the Advances in Teaching & Learning Day Regional Conference held at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston in 2005

    Clinical efficacy of cross-sectional imaging compared with panoramic imaging and virtual 3D models for the assessment of dental implant placement.

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    Introduction: This study compared the clinical efficacy of panoramic imaging and Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) in the optimal placement of virtual dental implants in the posterior edentulous bounded regions of the jaws. Material and methods: From a retrospective audit of patient records, fifty-two subjects were recruited with sixty-one dental implant sites in the maxilla and mandible. Physical measurements of the residual alveolar ridge were performed and consensus decisions of optimal implant length and bone graft necessity were obtained using reformatted panoramic alone (RP) or cross-sectional imaging (XS). Results: Horizontal restorative space measurements greater for RP (p=0.001). Shorter implants were chosen more often using CS than RP. Use of XS allowed planning that reduced the need for bone graft procedures by 50%. Conclusion: The use of cross-sectional imaging provides supplemental information that significantly influences virtual implant position and the need for bone grafting

    ChatGPT for Shaping the Future of Dentistry: The Potential of Multi-Modal Large Language Model

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    The ChatGPT, a lite and conversational variant of Generative Pretrained Transformer 4 (GPT-4) developed by OpenAI, is one of the milestone Large Language Models (LLMs) with billions of parameters. LLMs have stirred up much interest among researchers and practitioners in their impressive skills in natural language processing tasks, which profoundly impact various fields. This paper mainly discusses the future applications of LLMs in dentistry. We introduce two primary LLM deployment methods in dentistry, including automated dental diagnosis and cross-modal dental diagnosis, and examine their potential applications. Especially, equipped with a cross-modal encoder, a single LLM can manage multi-source data and conduct advanced natural language reasoning to perform complex clinical operations. We also present cases to demonstrate the potential of a fully automatic Multi-Modal LLM AI system for dentistry clinical application. While LLMs offer significant potential benefits, the challenges, such as data privacy, data quality, and model bias, need further study. Overall, LLMs have the potential to revolutionize dental diagnosis and treatment, which indicates a promising avenue for clinical application and research in dentistry
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