Marketing Of Protected Areas As A Tool To Influence Visitors' Pre-Visit Decisions

As the result of the increasing influence of tourism, natural and protected area management is evolving from one primarily focused around onsite management and conservation to one that more broadly encompasses a greater range of holistic recreation and tourism experiences. In dealing with this evolution, national parks and protected area managers are now required to balance onsite interpretation activities with marketing and demand management activities

Perceptive analysis of the effect of proactive maintenance scheduling on maintenance costs and airline profitability: A case study of Turkish Airlines Technic case

The accelerated development trend that the industry is going through has created an intensively competitive environment between global airlines. Intense competition in the sector and the pronounced decline in profit rates have increased the importance of reducing expenses and costs, in addition to the management of incomes. Towards this aim, airlines implement various methods to reduce their own costs. Maintenance comprises one of the significant expenses incurred by airlines, while airlines adopt various approaches in their cost-reduction efforts, including general maintenance enhancement programs. It has been seen that some of these methods positively affect cost-reduction efforts that have begun to be implemented. Proactive maintenance planning, on the other hand, is considered one of the methods aimed at reducing maintenance costs and thus increasing airline profitability and is actively used by many airlines…Havacılık sektörünün içerisinden geçtiği yüksek ivmeli gelişim trendi, havayolları arasında yoğun bir rekabet ortamı oluşmasına sebep olmuştur. Sektörde gözlenen yoğun rekabet ve kar oranlarındaki büyük düşüşler asli gelirlere ilaveten gider ve maliyetlerin de düşürülmesinin önemini artırmıştır. Bu bağlamda tüm havayolları, kendi maliyetlerini düşürmek için çok çeşitli yöntemler denemekte ve uygulamaktadır. Bakım maliyetleri toplam maliyetlerin içerisinde önemli yere sahip maliyet kalemlerinden bir tanesidir. Diğer tüm maliyetler gibi bakım maliyetlerini düşürmek için de çeşitli yöntemler denenmektedir. Bu yöntemlerden bazılarının maliyetleri olumlu yönde etkilediği görülmüş ve uygulanmaya başlamıştır. Proaktif bakım planlaması bakım maliyetlerini düşürmeyi ve havayolu karlılığını artırmayı amaçlayan yöntemlerden bir tanesidir ve birçok havayolu tarafından aktif olarak kullanılmaktadır

Architecture of the Kyoto Protocol and Prospects for Public Climate Policy

Options for government’s future climate policy are discussed as a function of the architecture of the present regime; the latter is anchored in the Kyoto Protocol, which is aimed at reducing the human impact on climate change. We describe the basic tenets of this agreement, and explain how it was realised despite the widely divergent interests. The strengths and weaknesses of the Kyoto regime, and related future opportunities and threats, are presented. The degrees of collective decision-making and international participation were the basis for exploring four scenarios (local market, local collectivity, global market, and global collectivity) and concomitant policy instruments and actors. The possibilities of enhancing participation by linking issues and creating bandwagons are discussed. We conclude that the main flaw of the Kyoto regime is its lack of appropriate incentives. To realise a more effective regime, future climate policy should be geared towards making participation more attractive and rendering compliance self-enforcing

The MedITNet Assessment Framework: Development and Validation of a Framework for Improving Risk Management of Medical IT Networks

Medical devices are increasingly designed for incorporation into a hospital’s IT network allowing devices to exchange critical information. However, connecting devices in this way can introduce risks potentially negating the benefits to patients. While the IEC 80001-1 standard has been developed to aid Healthcare Delivery Organisations (HDOs) in addressing these risks, HDOs often struggle to understand and implement the requirements. The MedITNet framework has been developed to allow HDOs to assess the capability of their risk management processes against the requirements of IEC 80001-1. MedITNet provides a flexible assessment framework enabling HDOs to gain a understanding of the requirements of the standard and to improve risk management processes by determining their current state and highlighting areas for improvement. This paper examines the challenges faced by HDOs in the risk management of medical IT networks and explains the components of the MedITNet framework and how the framework addresses these challenges. The use of Action Design Research (ADR) in the development and validation of MedITNet are also discussed focusing on a pilot implementation of the assessment method and expert review of the overall framework. The changes to the framework and its components as a result of the validation process are also discussed

Development and Validation of the MedITNet Assessment Framework: Improving Risk Management of Medical IT Networks

The use of networked medical devices can provide a number of benefits such as improved patient safety, reduced costs of care and a reduction in adverse events. Traditionally, medical devices were placed onto a proprietary IT network provided by the manufacturer of the device. Today, medical devices are increasingly designed for incorporation into a hospital’s general IT network enabling devices to exchange critical information. However, this can introduce risks and negate the potential benefits to patients. While the IEC 80001-1 standard has been developed to aid Healthcare Delivery Organisations (HDOs) in addressing these risks, HDOs may struggle to understand and implement the requirements. The MedITNet framework has been developed to allow HDOs to assess the capability of their risk management processes against the requirements of IEC 80001-1. MedITNet provides a flexible assessment framework enabling HDOs to gain a greater understanding of the requirements of the standard and to improve risk management processes by determining their current state and highlighting areas for improvement. This paper examines the challenges faced by HDOs in the risk management of medical IT networks and briefly explains the components of the MedITNet framework and how the framework addresses these challenges. This paper also details how Action Design Research (ADR) was used in the development and validation of MedITNet

Research and Technology 1996: Innovation in Time and Space

As the NASA Center responsible for assembly, checkout, servicing, launch, recovery, and operational support of Space Transportation System elements and payloads, the John F. Kennedy Space Center is placing increasing emphasis on its advanced technology development program. This program encompasses the efforts of the Engineering Development Directorate laboratories, most of the KSC operations contractors, academia, and selected commercial industries - all working in a team effort within their own areas of expertise. This edition of the Kennedy Space Center Research and Technology 1996 Annual Report covers efforts of all these contributors to the KSC advanced technology development program, as well as our technology transfer activities

Flood risk attribution to river defences

River engineeringFlow management and contro