A review of convex approaches for control, observation and safety of linear parameter varying and Takagi-Sugeno systems

This paper provides a review about the concept of convex systems based on Takagi-Sugeno, linear parameter varying (LPV) and quasi-LPV modeling. These paradigms are capable of hiding the nonlinearities by means of an equivalent description which uses a set of linear models interpolated by appropriately defined weighing functions. Convex systems have become very popular since they allow applying extended linear techniques based on linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) to complex nonlinear systems. This survey aims at providing the reader with a significant overview of the existing LMI-based techniques for convex systems in the fields of control, observation and safety. Firstly, a detailed review of stability, feedback, tracking and model predictive control (MPC) convex controllers is considered. Secondly, the problem of state estimation is addressed through the design of proportional, proportional-integral, unknown input and descriptor observers. Finally, safety of convex systems is discussed by describing popular techniques for fault diagnosis and fault tolerant control (FTC).Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

The predictive functional control and the management of constraints in GUANAY II autonomous underwater vehicle actuators

Autonomous underwater vehicle control has been a topic of research in the last decades. The challenges addressed vary depending on each research group's interests. In this paper, we focus on the predictive functional control (PFC), which is a control strategy that is easy to understand, install, tune, and optimize. PFC is being developed and applied in industrial applications, such as distillation, reactors, and furnaces. This paper presents the rst application of the PFC in autonomous underwater vehicles, as well as the simulation results of PFC, fuzzy, and gain scheduling controllers. Through simulations and navigation tests at sea, which successfully validate the performance of PFC strategy in motion control of autonomous underwater vehicles, PFC performance is compared with other control techniques such as fuzzy and gain scheduling control. The experimental tests presented here offer effective results concerning control objectives in high and intermediate levels of control. In high-level point, stabilization and path following scenarios are proven. In the intermediate levels, the results show that position and speed behaviors are improved using the PFC controller, which offers the smoothest behavior. The simulation depicting predictive functional control was the most effective regarding constraints management and control rate change in the Guanay II underwater vehicle actuator. The industry has not embraced the development of control theories for industrial systems because of the high investment in experts required to implement each technique successfully. However, this paper on the functional predictive control strategy evidences its easy implementation in several applications, making it a viable option for the industry given the short time needed to learn, implement, and operate, decreasing impact on the business and increasing immediacy.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Distributed model predictive control of steam/water loop in large scale ships

In modern steam power plants, the ever-increasing complexity requires great reliability and flexibility of the control system. Hence, in this paper, the feasibility of a distributed model predictive control (DiMPC) strategy with an extended prediction self-adaptive control (EPSAC) framework is studied, in which the multiple controllers allow each sub-loop to have its own requirement flexibility. Meanwhile, the model predictive control can guarantee a good performance for the system with constraints. The performance is compared against a decentralized model predictive control (DeMPC) and a centralized model predictive control (CMPC). In order to improve the computing speed, a multiple objective model predictive control (MOMPC) is proposed. For the stability of the control system, the convergence of the DiMPC is discussed. Simulation tests are performed on the five different sub-loops of steam/water loop. The results indicate that the DiMPC may achieve similar performance as CMPC while outperforming the DeMPC method

Non-linear predictive control for manufacturing and robotic applications

The paper discusses predictive control algorithms in the context of applications to robotics and manufacturing systems. Special features of such systems, as compared to traditional process control applications, require that the algorithms are capable of dealing with faster dynamics, more significant unstabilities and more significant contribution of non-linearities to the system performance. The paper presents the general framework for state-space design of predictive algorithms. Linear algorithms are introduced first, then, the attention moves to non-linear systems. Methods of predictive control are presented which are based on the state-dependent state space system description. Those are illustrated on examples of rather difficult mechanical systems

Mathematical control of complex systems 2013

Mathematical control of complex systems have already become an ideal research area for control engineers, mathematicians, computer scientists, and biologists to understand, manage, analyze, and interpret functional information/dynamical behaviours from real-world complex dynamical systems, such as communication systems, process control, environmental systems, intelligent manufacturing systems, transportation systems, and structural systems. This special issue aims to bring together the latest/innovative knowledge and advances in mathematics for handling complex systems. Topics include, but are not limited to the following: control systems theory (behavioural systems, networked control systems, delay systems, distributed systems, infinite-dimensional systems, and positive systems); networked control (channel capacity constraints, control over communication networks, distributed filtering and control, information theory and control, and sensor networks); and stochastic systems (nonlinear filtering, nonparametric methods, particle filtering, partial identification, stochastic control, stochastic realization, system identification)

Integration of the FMBPC strategy in a Closed-Loop Predictive Control structure. Application to the control of activated sludge

[ES] En este trabajo se aborda la integración de dos métodos o estrategias de Control Predictivo basado en Modelos, a saber: Control Predictivo basado en Modelos Borrosos (FMBPC) y Control Predictivo en Lazo Cerrado (CLP MPC). La primera de estas estrategias utiliza principios de Control Predictivo Funcional (PFC) y está enmarcada, al mismo tiempo, en el ámbito del Control Inteligente (IC). La integración tiene como principal objetivo proporcionar a la estrategia de control no lineal FMBPC un procedimiento de optimización que permita el manejo automático de restricciones en la variable de control. La solución propuesta consiste en hacer uso de una estructura complementaria de tipo CLP MPC para determinar mediante optimización, en cada instante de muestreo, los valores óptimos de un cierto término aditivo, a sumar a la ley de control FMBPC, de tal modo que se satisfagan las restricciones. El modelo de predicciones y la ley de control base necesarios para realizar los cálculos en la estructura CLP MPC son proporcionados por la estrategia FMBPC. La estrategia mixta FMBPC/CLP propuesta ha sido validada, en simulación, aplicándola al control de fangos activados en plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales (EDAR), poniendo el foco en la imposición de restricciones a la acción de control. Los resultados obtenidos son satisfactorios, observando un buen rendimiento del algoritmo de control diseñado, al tiempo que se garantiza tanto la satisfacción de las restricciones, que era el principal objetivo, como la estabilidad del sistema en lazo cerrado.[EN] This work addresses the integration of two methods or strategies of Model-Based Predictive Control, namely: Fuzzy Model-Based Predictive Control (FMBPC) and Closed-Loop Predictive Control (CLP-MPC). The first of these strategies uses principles of Predictive Functional Control (PFC) and is framed, at the same time, in the field of Intelligent Control (IC). The main objective of the integration is to provide to the FMBPC nonlinear control strategy an optimization procedure that allows the automatic handling of constraints in the control variable. The proposed solution consists of making use of a complementary structure of the CLP-MPC type to determine by optimization, at each sampling instant, the optimal values of a certain additive term, to be added to the FMBPC control law, in such a way that they are satisfied the constraints. The prediction model and base control law necessary to perform the calculations on the CLP-MPC structure are provided by the FMBPC strategy. The proposed FMBPC/CLP mixed strategy has been validated, in simulation, applying it to the control of activated sludge processes in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP), focusing on the imposition of constraints on the control action. The results obtained are satisfactory, observing a good performance of the designed control algorithm, while guaranteeing both the satisfaction of the constraints, which was the main objective, and the stability of the closed-loop system.Este trabajo contó con el apoyo económico del Gobierno de España a través del proyecto MICINN PID2019-105434RB-C31 y de la Fundación Samuel Solórzano a través del proyecto FS / 20-2019.Vallejo, PM.; Vega, P. (2021). Integración de la estrategia FMBPC en una estructura de control predictivo en lazo cerrado. Aplicación al control de fangos activados. Revista Iberoamericana de Automática e Informática industrial. 19(1):13-26. https://doi.org/10.4995/riai.2021.15793OJS1326191Adetola, V., & Guay, M., 2010. 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Analysis and Application of Advanced Control Strategies to a Heating Element Nonlinear Model

open4siSustainable control has begun to stimulate research and development in a wide range of industrial communities particularly for systems that demand a high degree of reliability and availability (sustainability) and at the same time characterised by expensive and/or safety critical maintenance work. For heating systems such as HVAC plants, clear conflict exists between ensuring a high degree of availability and reducing costly maintenance times. HVAC systems have highly non-linear dynamics and a stochastic and uncontrollable driving force as input in the form of intake air speed, presenting an interesting challenge for modern control methods. Suitable control methods can provide sustainable maximisation of energy conversion efficiency over wider than normally expected air speeds and temperatures, whilst also giving a degree of “tolerance” to certain faults, providing an important impact on maintenance scheduling, e.g. by capturing the effects of some system faults before they become serious.This paper presents the design of different control strategies applied to a heating element nonlinear model. The description of this heating element was obtained exploiting a data driven and physically meaningful nonlinear continuous time model, which represents a test bed used in passive air conditioning for sustainable housing applications. This model has low complexity while achieving high simulation performance. The physical meaningfulness of the model provides an enhanced insight into the performance and functionality of the system. In return, this information can be used during the system simulation and improved model based and data driven control designs for tight temperature regulation. The main purpose of this study is thus to give several examples of viable and practical designs of control schemes with application to this heating element model. Moreover, extensive simulations and Monte Carlo analysis are the tools for assessing experimentally the main features of the proposed control schemes, in the presence of modelling and measurement errors. These developed control methods are also compared in order to evaluate advantages and drawbacks of the considered solutions. Finally, the exploited simulation tools can serve to highlight the potential application of the proposed control strategies to real air conditioning systems.openTurhan, T.; Simani, S.; Zajic, I.; Gokcen Akkurt, G.Turhan, T.; Simani, Silvio; Zajic, I.; Gokcen Akkurt, G

A novel technique for load frequency control of multi-area power systems

In this paper, an adaptive type-2 fuzzy controller is proposed to control the load frequency of a two-area power system based on descending gradient training and error back-propagation. The dynamics of the system are completely uncertain. The multilayer perceptron (MLP) artificial neural network structure is used to extract Jacobian and estimate the system model, and then, the estimated model is applied to the controller, online. A proportional–derivative (PD) controller is added to the type-2 fuzzy controller, which increases the stability and robustness of the system against disturbances. The adaptation, being real-time and independency of the system parameters are new features of the proposed controller. Carrying out simulations on New England 39-bus power system, the performance of the proposed controller is compared with the conventional PI, PID and internal model control based on PID (IMC-PID) controllers. Simulation results indicate that our proposed controller method outperforms the conventional controllers in terms of transient response and stability