A Review on Energy Consumption Optimization Techniques in IoT Based Smart Building Environments

In recent years, due to the unnecessary wastage of electrical energy in residential buildings, the requirement of energy optimization and user comfort has gained vital importance. In the literature, various techniques have been proposed addressing the energy optimization problem. The goal of each technique was to maintain a balance between user comfort and energy requirements such that the user can achieve the desired comfort level with the minimum amount of energy consumption. Researchers have addressed the issue with the help of different optimization algorithms and variations in the parameters to reduce energy consumption. To the best of our knowledge, this problem is not solved yet due to its challenging nature. The gap in the literature is due to the advancements in the technology and drawbacks of the optimization algorithms and the introduction of different new optimization algorithms. Further, many newly proposed optimization algorithms which have produced better accuracy on the benchmark instances but have not been applied yet for the optimization of energy consumption in smart homes. In this paper, we have carried out a detailed literature review of the techniques used for the optimization of energy consumption and scheduling in smart homes. The detailed discussion has been carried out on different factors contributing towards thermal comfort, visual comfort, and air quality comfort. We have also reviewed the fog and edge computing techniques used in smart homes

insights into the effects of occupant behaviour lifestyles and building automation on building energy use

Abstract In order to optimize building energy consumption, Member States will have to establish minimum efficiency requirements for systems, and promote the introduction of active control system in new constructions or major renovations. Energy saving, plant efficiency and environmental sustainability are also factors delineating smart buildings. Interestingly, occupant behaviour is known to be one of the key sources of uncertainty in the prediction of building energy use. The success of automation strategies is recognized to be dependent on how the occupants interact with the building. The present research describes the effect of different building occupants' lifestyles and building automation on a high performing building

Intelligent Household LED Lighting System with Autonomous Control Based On User Movement and Collective Control Using Wireless Technology

Rescuing energy has become one of the most important problems these days. The maximum waste of energy is caused by the inefficient use of the consumer appliances. Particularly, a light accounts for a huge part of the total energy consumption. There are number of light control systems introduced in today’s market, because the installed lighting systems are outdated and energy-inefficacious. However, due to architectural imperfections, the existing light control systems cannot be successfully applied to home and working places such as office buildings, laboratories. Therefore, this paper proposes an intelligent household LED lighting system considering energy efficiency and user satisfaction. The forth put system employees multi sensors and wireless communication technology in order to control an LED light according to the user’s state and the surroundings. The intended LED lighting system can autonomously adjust the minimum light intensity value to enhance both energy efficiency and user satisfaction. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.150312

Intelligent Household LED Lighting System considering Energy Efficiency and User Satisfaction Based on the Technology of PoE

Now a day saving energy has become one of the most significant points. Particularly, a light accounts for a great part of the total energy consumption. Now a day market can be introduced various light control systems because the installed lighting systems are old and energy-inefficient. However, due to structural limitations, the existing light control systems cannot be successfully involved to home and office buildings. Hence, recommends of new intelligent household LED lighting system considering energy productivity and user comfort. The recommended LED lighting system can autonomously adjust the minimum light intensity value to enhance both energy productivity and user comfort. The recommended LED lighting system decreases total power consumption. The technology of Power over Ethernet can take sufficient electricity to LED lighting system. Depending on the understanding knowledge of the current illumination and the whole persons in a room, the system can automatically distinguish and utilize a predefined brightness. Therefore, it overcomes the limitations of a traditional light control system. At the same time system can transfers DCpower and data through Ethernet, reduce the power adapter failure which caused by data network failure and promotes the application of the low power network equipment

Human experience in the natural and built environment : implications for research policy and practice

22nd IAPS conference. Edited book of abstracts. 427 pp. University of Strathclyde, Sheffield and West of Scotland Publication. ISBN: 978-0-94-764988-3

A technical framework to describe occupant behavior for building energy simulations

ABSTRACT Green buildings that fail to meet expected design performance criteria indicate that technology alone does not guarantee high performance. Human influences are quite often simplified and ignored in the design, construction, and operation of buildings. Energy-conscious human behavior has been demonstrated to be a significant positive factor for improving the indoor environment while reducing the energy use of buildings. In our study we developed a new technical framework to describe energyrelated human behavior in buildings. The energy-related behavior includes accounting for individuals and groups of occupants and their interactions with building energy services systems, appliances and facilities. The technical framework consists of four key components: i. the drivers behind energy-related occupant behavior, which are biological, societal, environmental, physical, and economical in nature ii. the needs of the occupants are based on satisfying criteria that are either physical (e.g. thermal, visual and acoustic comfort) or non-physical (e.g. entertainment, privacy, and social reward) iii. the actions that building occupants perform when their needs are not fulfilled iv. the systems with which an occupant can interact to satisfy their needs The technical framework aims to provide a standardized description of a complete set of human energyrelated behaviors in the form of an XML schema. For each type of behavior (e.g., occupants opening/closing windows, switching on/off lights etc.) we identify a set of common behaviors based on a literature review, survey data, and our own field study and analysis. Stochastic models are adopted or developed for each type of behavior to enable the evaluation of the impact of human behavior on energy use in buildings, during either the design or operation phase. We will also demonstrate the use of the technical framework in assessing the impact of occupancy behavior on energy saving technologies. The technical framework presented is part of our human behavior research, a 5-year program under the

Integrating Smart Ceiling Fans and Communicating Thermostats to Provide Energy-Efficient Comfort

The project goal was to identify and test the integration of smart ceiling fans and communicating thermostats. These highly efficient ceiling fans use as much power as an LED light bulb and have onboard temperature and occupancy sensors for automatic operationbased on space conditions. The Center for the Environment (CBE) at UC Berkeley led the research team including TRC, Association for Energy Affordability (AEA), and Big Ass Fans (BAF). The research team conducted laboratory tests, installed99 ceiling fans and 12 thermostats in four affordable multifamily housing sites in California’s Central Valley, interviewed stakeholders to develop a case study, developed an online design tool and design guide, outlined codes and standards outreach, and published several papers.The project team raised indoor cooling temperature setpoints and used ceiling fans as the first stage of cooling; this sequencing of ceiling fans and air conditioningreducesenergy consumption, especially during peak periods, while providing thermal comfort.The field demonstration resulted in 39% measured compressor energy savings during the April–October cooling seasoncompared to baseline conditions, normalized for floor area. Weather-normalized energy use varied from a 36% increase to 71% savings, withmedian savings of 15%.This variability reflects the diversity in buildings, mechanical systems, prior operation settings, space types, andoccupants’ schedules,preferences, and motivations. All commercial spaces with regular occupancy schedules (and twoof the irregularly-occupied commercial spaces and one of the homes) showed energy savings on an absolute basis before normalizing for warmer intervention temperatures,and 10 of 13 sites showed energy savings on a weather-normalized basis. The ceiling fans provided cooling for one site for months during hot weather when the coolingequipment failed.Occupants reported high satisfaction with the ceiling fans and improved thermal comfort. This technology can apply to new and retrofit residential and commercial buildings