Bindings and RESTlets: a novel set of CoAP-based application enablers to build IoT applications

Sensors and actuators are becoming important components of Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Today, several approaches exist to facilitate communication of sensors and actuators in IoT applications. Most communications go through often proprietary gateways requiring availability of the gateway for each and every interaction between sensors and actuators. Sometimes, the gateway does some processing of the sensor data before triggering actuators. Other approaches put this processing logic further in the cloud. These approaches introduce significant latencies and increased number of packets. In this paper, we introduce a CoAP-based mechanism for direct binding of sensors and actuators. This flexible binding solution is utilized further to build IoT applications through RESTlets. RESTlets are defined to accept inputs and produce outputs after performing some processing tasks. Sensors and actuators could be associated with RESTlets (which can be hosted on any device) through the flexible binding mechanism we introduced. This approach facilitates decentralized IoT application development by placing all or part of the processing logic in Low power and Lossy Networks (LLNs). We run several tests to compare the performance of our solution with existing solutions and found out that our solution reduces communication delay and number of packets in the LLN

Arm Mbed – AWS IoT System Integration [Open access]

This project explores the different Internet of Things (IoT) architectures and the available platforms to define a general IoT Architecture to connect Arm microcontrollers to Amazon Web Services. In order to accommodate the wide range of IoT applications, the architecture was defined with different routes that an Arm microcontroller can take to reach AWS. Once this Architecture was defined, a performance analysis on the different routes was performed in terms of communication speed and bandwidth. Finally, a Smart Home use case scenario is implemented to show the basic functionalities of an IoT system such as sending data to the device and data storage in the Cloud. Furthermore, a Cloud ML algorithm is triggered in real time by the Smart Home to receive a prediction of the current Comfort Level in the room

REST4CEP: RESTful APIs for complex event processing

El Procesamiento de Eventos Complejos (CEP) es una tecnología poderosa ampliamente utilizada en arquitecturas de software de vanguardia para apoyar la toma de decisiones en múltiples dominios. Actualmente, desarrollar dichas arquitecturas de software mejoradas con CEP no es una tarea fácil y no existen Interfaces de Programación de Aplicaciones (APIs) de propósito general que soporten la programación y el desarrollo de software para sistemas basados en CEP. Este artículo proporciona dos APIs RESTful que soportan la gestión, almacenamiento y mantenimiento de eventos y patrones de interés tanto en tiempo de diseño como en tiempo de ejecución. De esta manera, simplificamos y aceleramos el desarrollo flexible de cualquier arquitectura de software basada en CEPComplex Event Processing (CEP) is a powerful technology thoroughly used in cuttin-edge software architectures to support decision-making in multiple domains. Currently, developing such CEP-enhanced software architectures is not an easy task and there are no general purpose Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) which support programming and software development for CEP-based systems. This paper provides two RESTful APIs which support the management, storage and maintenance of events and patterns of interest both in design time and at runtime. This way, we simplify and speed up the flexible development of any CEP-based software architecture.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and the European Union FEDER Funds [grant number RTI2018-093608-B-C33

Integration of heterogeneous devices and communication models via the cloud in the constrained internet of things

As the Internet of Things continues to expand in the coming years, the need for services that span multiple IoT application domains will continue to increase in order to realize the efficiency gains promised by the IoT. Today, however, service developers looking to add value on top of existing IoT systems are faced with very heterogeneous devices and systems. These systems implement a wide variety of network connectivity options, protocols (proprietary or standards-based), and communication methods all of which are unknown to a service developer that is new to the IoT. Even within one IoT standard, a device typically has multiple options for communicating with others. In order to alleviate service developers from these concerns, this paper presents a cloud-based platform for integrating heterogeneous constrained IoT devices and communication models into services. Our evaluation shows that the impact of our approach on the operation of constrained devices is minimal while providing a tangible benefit in service integration of low-resource IoT devices. A proof of concept demonstrates the latter by means of a control and management dashboard for constrained devices that was implemented on top of the presented platform. The results of our work enable service developers to more easily implement and deploy services that span a wide variety of IoT application domains

Strategy Model in Bus Tracking and Information Application (BTA) Towards Smart Mobility in Urban Spaces

Smart city can be defined as an urban space with complete and advanced infrastructure, intelligent networks and platforms, with millions of sensors among which people themselves and their mobile devices. Urban mobility is one of the global smart city project which offers traffic management in real-time, management of passenger transport means, tracking applications and logistics, car sharing services, car park management and more smart mobility services. Due to the frustrating waiting time for the arrival of buses and the difficulty of accessing shuttle bus-related information in a onestop centre, bus tracking and information application (BTA) is one the proposed solutions to solve the traffic problems in urban spaces. This paper is aimed to design and develop a bus tracking and information application in a selected city in Selangor state, Malaysia. Next, this application also provides an alternative to design public transport tracking and information application for the urban places in Malaysia. Furthermore, the application also provides a smart solution for the management of public infrastructures and urban facilities in Malaysia in future. Finally, the smart mobility model will be presented to uncover the extent on how BTA provide smart solutions in urban spaces which focus on informative, interactive, assistive and green mobility