Aqua: AIRS, AMSU, HSB, AMSR-E, CERES, MODIS

This brochure provides an overview of the Aqua spacecraft, instruments, science, and data products Aqua, Latin for water, is a NASA Earth Science satellite mission named for the large amount of information that the mission is collecting about the Earth's water cycle, including evaporation from the oceans, water vapor in the atmosphere, clouds, precipitation, soil moisture, sea ice, land ice, and snow cover on the land and ice. Additional variables also measured by Aqua include radiative energy fluxes, aerosols, vegetation cover on the land, phytoplankton and dissolved organic matter in the oceans, and air, land, and water temperatures. Note: this guide was produced before Aqua was launched; for the most recent information on Aqua, go to http://aqua.nasa.gov. Educational levels: Undergraduate lower division, Undergraduate upper division, Graduate or professional, Informal education

MIMO Hardware Simulator: Time Domain Versus Frequency Domain Architectures

19 pagesInternational audienceA hardware simulator facilitates the test and validation cycles by replicating channel artifacts in a controllable and repeatable laboratory environment. This paper presents an overview of the digital block architectures of Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) hardware simulators. First, the simple frequency architecture is presented and analyzed. Then, an improved frequency architecture, which works for streaming mode input signals, is considered. After, the time domain architecture is described and analyzed. The architectures of the digital block are presented and designed on a Xilinx Virtex-IV Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). Their accuracy, occupation on the FPGA and latencies are analyzed using Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) 802.11ac and Long Term Evolution System (LTE) signals. The frequency and the time approaches are compared and discussed, for indoor (using TGn channel models) and outdoor (using 3GPP-LTE channel models) environments. It is shown that the time domain architecture present the best solution for the design of the architecture of the hardware simulator digital block. Finally, a 2×2 MIMO time domain architecture is described and simulated with input signal that respects the bandwidth of the considered standards

The use of a shiphandling simulator to complement practical training at the Saudi Border Guard Naval Institute [SBGNI]

The dissertation introduces the use of a shiphandling simulator to complement the theoretical training of students at the Saudi Border Guard Naval Institute. A review of the requirements of the 1995 STCW Convention in regard to the use of simulators for training and assessment and the implementation of a quality standard system is undertaken. The training of students and also of experienced mariners is a task for which simulators have become an increasingly valuable tool. The use of simulators for training purposes is especially important for MET institutions in which the practical training of students on board training ships is decreasing and in those areas in which the use of real vessels for training shows a risk to the mariner, to the vessel, to property and to the environment. The background to the development and use of simulators is considered at length and the possibility of having simulators for both training and assessment of performance at the Institute is discussed. One of the conclusions is that trainees at the Institute can be trained in manoeuvring conditions that would take many years to encounter in real life, and that due to the modernisation of the fleet, the experienced mariner can benefit from this type of training when required to transfer to ships of different size, type, propulsion, manoeuvring systems and modem navigational equipment The dissertation concludes that a change is appropriate, if the SBGNI wants to modernise the programs and curriculum and that the actual theoretical training does not guarantee the ability to perform. This would be the role of simulation, to produce practical situations so that trainees could gain experience under controlled and repeatable conditions