Design of real time intelligent buses notification system for passengers

Waiting passengers at bus stops for their desired buses seems a commonly observed phenomenon. The obvious reason behind is increased personal vehicle, causing traffic jams. The requirement of a reliable public transport monitoring system is actually the outcome from this unnecessary congestion of traffic observed. Since most of the modern technologies for the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) have developed since more than 15 years. The need of a Global Positioning/ inertial (GPS/INS) augmentation with a reliable communication system stems from the shortcomings of each individual technology. Besides further advancement, the researchers are now developing implementable technologies for the ease of mankind so that problems related to daily life could be solved. In this dissertation, a new real time intelligent public transport movement monitoring system and station reporting based on GPS and succession of RF Radio Chips is presented. From the societal perspective, the major apprehension of this research, under the framework of a public transit network with bus service providers and users, presents detailed technical solutions for different buses' routes with poles apart IDs using multi technologies applied. GPS is selected to achieve the position data. In order to build the most convenient and reliable system, map matching for location data comparison using optimization technique, Design of Experiment (DOE) is applied. Using the techniques, one single route’s coordinates are optimized to single equation, whose output is the bus stop number in accordance to the bus stop coordinates received. The equation is obtained after a number of run through simulation and then successfully trained to the MCU. Road networks are one of the important surveillance tools in the proposed transport navigation system. In the proposed system, a careful and implementable deployment (hundreds of meters apart) of the ranging sensors is suggested for the cost-effective multi ID buses information at their particular bus stops. These are made configured to create a dedicated network for individual bus ID. Thereby, the extraordinary quality can be shown which is realized by the described algorithms. The experimental results show the promising outcomes. The statistical analysis of equation provides up to 98% efficiency while the designed prototype showed a remarkable agreement between the simulated and actual results. The proposed system surely have the ability to improve the comfortable visibility of moving vehicle at another node as well its smooth and linear transmission to the bus stations by sophisticated transceiver modules, which led people to take a decision either to wait for bus or not. This system can also be supportive to change the trend of people from using their own vehicles to public transport, which lead to solve major problem related to energy consumption, environment and traffic congestio

INTEGRATED COMMUNICATION AND TRANSPORTATION EFFICIENCY – SOME STUDY CASES

A critical factor in search, rescue or criminal investigation is time – specifically, the time needed to complete a big number of tasks that occur in any emergency. A critical asset in assisting disaster relief teams and public safety personnel in their mission to save lives and defend property loss is the access to resources data – location of personnel, emergency service resources, streets, buildings. The ability to locate resources, on foot or in vehicles, in relation to the local transportation infrastructure in a specific geographic area need to be considered in a new way of managing emergency situations. The TETRA based systems integrated with a wide range of mapping, tracking, alarming and resource-allocations applications used in conjunction with a dispatcher tool allows operational teams to manage a large ground, water and air-based emergency teams using voice and text communications.Public Safety, Maritime Rescue Co-ordination Centre (MRCC), AIS, RIS, Air Traffic Management (ATM), Incident and Operative Scenarios, Operability, Efficiency

Use of a mobile laboratory to evaluate changes in on-road air pollutants during the Beijing 2008 Summer Olympics

China implemented systematic air pollution control measures during the 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics and Paralympics to improve air quality. This study used a versatile mobile laboratory to conduct in situ monitoring of on-road air pollutants along Beijing's Fourth Ring Road on 31 selected days before, during, and after the Olympics air pollution control period. A suite of instruments with response times of less than 30 s was used to measure temporal and spatial variations in traffic-related air pollutants, including NO<sub>x</sub>, CO, PM<sub>1.0</sub> surface area (S(PM<sub>1</sub>)), black carbon (BC), and benzene, toluene, the sum of ethylbenzene, and <i>m</i>-, <i>p</i>-, and <i>o</i>-xylene (BTEX). During the Olympics (8–23 August, 2008), on-road air pollutant concentrations decreased significantly, by up to 54% for CO, 41% for NO<sub>x</sub>, 70% for SO<sub>2</sub>, 66% for BTEX, 12% for BC, and 18% for <i>S</i><sub>PM<sub>1</sub></sub>, compared with the pre-control period (before 20 July). Concentrations increased again after the control period ended (after 20 September), with average increases of 33% for CO, 42% for NO<sub>x</sub>, 60% for SO<sub>2</sub>, 40% for BTEX, 26% for BC, and 37% for S(PM<sub>1</sub>), relative to the control period. Variations in pollutants concentrations were correlated with changes in traffic speed and the number and types of vehicles on the road. Throughout the measurement periods, the concentrations of NO<sub>x</sub>, CO, and BTEX varied markedly with the numbers of light- and medium-duty vehicles (LDVs and MDVs, respectively) on the road. Only after 8 August was a noticeable relationship found between BC and S(PM<sub>1</sub>) and the number of heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs). Additionally, BC and S(PM<sub>1</sub>) showed a strong correlation with SO<sub>2</sub> before the Olympics, indicating possible industrial sources from local emissions as well as regional transport activities in the Beijing area. Such factors were identified in measurements conducted on 6 August in an area southwest of Beijing. The ratio of benzene to toluene, a good indicator of traffic emissions, shifted suddenly from about 0.26 before the Olympics to approximately 0.48 after the Olympics began. This finding suggests that regulations on traffic volume and restrictions on the use of painting solvents were effective after the Olympics began. This study demonstrated the effectiveness of air pollution control measures and identified local and regional pollution sources within and surrounding the city of Beijing. The findings will be invaluable for emission inventory evaluations and model verifications

Design principles of integrated information platform for emergency responses: The case of 2008 Beijing Olympic Games

This paper investigates the challenges faced in designing an integrated information platform for emergency response management and uses the Beijing Olympic Games as a case study. The research methods are grounded in action research, participatory design, and situation-awareness oriented design. The completion of a more than two-year industrial secondment and six-month field studies ensured that a full understanding of user requirements had been obtained. A service-centered architecture was proposed to satisfy these user requirements. The proposed architecture consists mainly of information gathering, database management, and decision support services. The decision support services include situational overview, instant risk assessment, emergency response preplan, and disaster development prediction. Abstracting from the experience obtained while building this system, we outline a set of design principles in the general domain of information systems (IS) development for emergency management. These design principles form a contribution to the information systems literature because they provide guidance to developers who are aiming to support emergency response and the development of such systems that have not yet been adequately met by any existing types of IS. We are proud that the information platform developed was deployed in the real world and used in the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. © 2012 INFORMS

Determining the Feasibility of Traffic Management Through Mobile Applications in China

The rapid urbanization of China causes traffic problems in its cities. This Interactive Qualifying Project (IQP) aims to determine the feasibility of improving Chinese traffic conditions by applying Smart City initiatives, specifically through mobile applications. The project researches the functions of popular mobile applications for traffic management in the United States and China. With guidance from our sponsor, Dr. Lu Huang of the Zhejiang Smart City Research Center, we surveyed the public from both countries. We explore the current traffic situations in the United States and China, and determine the feasibility of each application’s function. This project provides direction for the development of future Chinese mobile applications and sustainable traffic management research

Investigating Transportation Policies to Reduce Air Pollution in Hong Kong

This report, prepared for Friends of the Earth (Hong Kong), examined the current transportation policies in relation to air pollution in Hong Kong. The transport policies of several cities including Seoul, Singapore, and Rome were examined in relation to reduction of congestion and air pollution. The pedestrians were surveyed and observations of traffic patterns in Hong Kong were made, then the team recommended a reevaluation of the bus system, several limited traffic zones, and several changes to the cross-harbor tunnels

An Improvement of the Arrival Time Estimation of an EV System Using Hybrid Approach with ANN

In this research, an approach for estimating the travelling time used by an electric vehicle and selecting an updating period of such vehicle to a particular location are proposed. The real-time based and historical data based techniques are used with Artificial Neural Network (ANN) as a process for memorizing the offset for estimating the vehicle velocity and updating period in the following round. The route of the vehicle, the time of the day, and the day of the week are taken into account. The proposed approach is analyzed and compared to the conventional approach by testing with the data (time and position of the vehicle) collected from running the vehicle around Naresuan University campus. The data was recorded every 1 second for 3 months using the wireless transmitter installed in the vehicle. From the results, it is found that, using the proposed approach, the bandwidth utilization of the network and the error of the displayed time are improved by 75%. With this significant improvement, if the proposed approach is further developed or utilized, the public vehicle service’s reliability could be increased; thus, less number of private vehicles utilized; resulting in a good environment saving

REFLECTIONS ON SINO-US SPACE COOPERATION

Since 2006, the US Air Force Academy’s Eisenhower Center for Space and Defense Studies has sponsored an annual workshop examining the strategic impact and implications of China’s space program. This workshop series has blossomed into a Track-II process, with participants from the People’s Republic of China (PRC), and unofficial US government presence. A key focus of many of the discussions during these workshops has been the prospects for Sino-US cooperation in space. This issue has gained prominence since the 2007 PRC ASAT test, and the US subsequent 2008 American destruction of a malfunctioning satellite. Sino-US space cooperation is seen as potentially serving a confidence-building function, allowing the two sides to familiarize themselves with each other. This paper will examine some of the proposals laid out in these workshops for proposal, and discuss the potential pitfalls that confront them. It will then make some suggestions about how cooperation might be fostered

SUMP for Cities’ Sustainable Development

In a rapidly changing world, it is necessary to increase the engagement of local authorities and stakeholders to make urban mobility cleaner and more sustainable. The best way is to combine great ideas and innovative measures with political support. This Special Issue consists of six articles analyzing the impact of SUMPs. Innovative measures have been proposed to change urban transport systems towards sustainability: Chinese research has analyzed the tourist flow of Tibet using innovative technologies: mobile phone data, visualizations using GIS, and social networks. Lithuanian authors proposed three autonomous car travel development concepts that should become a conceptual tool in the development of ITS and C-ITS. An English scientific paper is based on a review of local transport policy documents from 13 cities in four countries. Most cities seek to reduce car travel as a proportion of trips. Experience from Slovenia shows that the comprehensive traffic calming approach has positive effects and contributes to achieving sustainable mobility. Korean researchers used the GINI coefficient to evaluate the bus system to identify bus nodes in order of importance. The last article described that multicriteria decision-making methods have been successfully used for assessing the effectiveness of sustainable transport systems, and a universal evaluation model was proposed