478 research outputs found
On universality of concurrent expressions with synchronization primitives
AbstractConcurrent expressions are a class of extended regular expressions with a shuffle operator (â) and its closure (). The class of concurrent expressions with synchronization primitives, called synchronized concurrent expressions, is introduced as an extended model of Shaw's flow expressions. This paper discusses some formal properties of synchronized concurrent expressions from a formal language theoretic point of view. It is shown that synchronized concurrent expressions with three signal/wait operations are universal in the sense that they can simulate any semaphore controlled concurrent expressions and they can describe the class of recursively enumerable sets. Some results on semaphore controlled regular expressions are also included to give a taste of more positive results
Workflow and Process Synchronization with Interaction Expressions and Graphs
Current workflow management technology does not provide
adequate means for inter-workflow coordination as concurrently executing workflows are considered completely
independent. While this simplified view might suffice for one application domain or the other, there are many real-world application scenarios where workflows ââ though independently modeled in order to remain comprehensible and manageable ââ are semantically interrelated. As pragmatical approaches, like merging interdependent workflows or inter-workflow message passing, do not satisfactorily solve the inter-workflow coordination problem, interaction expressions and graphs are proposed as a simple yet powerful formalism for the specification and implementation of synchronization conditions in general and inter-workflow dependencies in particular. In addition to a graph-based semi-formal interpretation of the formalism, a precise formal semantics, an equivalent operational semantics, an efficient implementation of the latter, and detailed complexity analyses have been developed allowing the formalism to be actually applied to solve real-world problems like inter-workflow coordination
Collaboration and competition in groups of humans and robots: effects on socioemotional and task-oriented behaviors
Advancements in technology have allowed the emergence of novel forms of social interaction.
More specifically, in the last decades, the emergence of social robots has triggered a
multidisciplinary effort towards achieving a better understanding of how humans and robots
interact. In this dissertation, our goal was to contribute towards that effort by considering the
role of goal orientation displayed by the robot (i.e. competitive vs. cooperative) and the role
displayed by each player (partners and opponents). Sixty participants engaged in a typical
Portuguese card-game called Sueca (two robots and two humans). Each participant played three
games with each of the other players and the goal orientation was manipulated by the set of
pre-validated verbal utterances displayed by the robot. The interactions were video-recorded,
and we used a coding scheme based on Bales Interaction Process Analysis (1950) for small
groups to analyze socioemotional positive, negative and task-oriented behaviors. A MultiLevel Modelling analysis yielded a significant effect of the role for all dimensions. Participants
directed more socioemotional positive and task-oriented behaviors towards the human playing
as a partner than as opponent and also interacted more with the other human in comparison to
both robots. Comparing both robots, participants displayed more positive and task-oriented
behaviors when interacting with robots as opponents than as partners. These results suggest the
occurrence of different behavioral patterns in competitive and collaborative interactions with
robots, that might be useful to inform the future development of more socially effective robots.O desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias tem proporcionado a emergĂȘncia de novas formas de
interação social. Mais especificamente, nas Ășltimas dĂ©cadas, o desenvolvimento de robĂŽs
sociais tem despoletado um esforço interdisciplinar orientado para o estabelecimento de uma
melhor compreensão acerca da forma como pessoas e robÎs interagem. Com esta dissertação,
pretendemos contribuir para esse esforço considerando o efeito da orientação estratégica
exibida pelo robĂŽ (i.e. competitivo vs. colaborativo) e o efeito do papel assumido pelos
jogadores (parceiro ou oponente). Sessenta participantes jogaram Ă Sueca (dois robĂŽs e dois
humanos). Cada participante jogou trĂȘs jogos em parceria com cada um dos outros jogadores e
a orientação estratégica foi manipulada através do conjunto pré-validado de interaçÔes verbais
exibido pelos robÎs. As interaçÔes foram filmadas e analisadas usando o guião de anålise
sugerido por Bales (1950) que inclui interaçÔes socioemocionais negativas, positivas e
relacionadas com a tarefa. Uma anĂĄlise Multi-nĂvel dos resultados revelou um efeito principal
do papel para todas as dimensÔes. Os participantes dirigiram mais comportamentos positivos e
relacionados com a tarefa para os humanos no papel de parceiros do que oponentes e
interagiram mais frequentemente com o humano do que com os robÎs. Os participantes também
direcionaram mais interaçÔes positivas e relacionadas com a tarefa para os robÎs quando estes
assumiram o papel de oponentes, em comparação com quando jogaram como parceiros. Estes
resultados sugerem a ocorrĂȘncia de diferentes padrĂ”es comportamentais quando interagindo
com robĂŽs competitivos e colaborativos que poderĂŁo ser Ășteis para informar o desenvolvimento
de robĂŽs mais socialmente eficazes
The BciAi4SLA Project: Towards a User-Centered BCI
The brainâcomputer interfaces (BCI) are interfaces that put the user in communication with an electronic device based on signals originating from the brain. In this paper, we describe a proof of concept that took place within the context of BciAi4Sla, a multidisciplinary project involving computer scientists, physiologists, biomedical engineers, neurologists, and psychologists with the aim of designing and developing a BCI system following a user-centered approach, involving domain experts and users since initial prototyping steps in a designâtestâredesign development cycle. The project intends to develop a software platform able to restore a communication channel in patients who have compromised their communication possibilities due to illness or accidents. The most common case is the patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In this paper, we describe the background and the main development steps of the project, also reporting some initial and promising user evaluation results, including real-time performance classification and a proof-of-concept prototype
Embodied Nostalgia: Early Twentieth Century Social Dance and U.S. Musical Theatre
In this dissertation, I claim the collective emotional connections and historical explorations characteristic of musical theatre constitute a nostalgic impulse dramaturgically inherent in the form. In my intervention in the link between nostalgia and musical theatre, I look to an area underrepresented in musical theatre scholarship: social dance. Through case studies that focus specifically on how social dance in musical theatre brings forth the dancer on stage as a site of embodied history, cultural memory, and nostalgia, I ask what social dance is doing in musical theatre and how the dancing body functions as a catalyst for nostalgic thinking for the audience. I argue that U.S. social dance styles of the first half of the twentieth century, when performed in musicals produced after that time, create a spectrum of nostalgic impulses and embodied meanings. By comparing the historical context of the musical and the time of its original production, I provide a framework for how âembodied nostalgiaââthe physicalization of community memories, longings, and historical meaningâwithin social dance in musical theatre elucidates racial, cultural, and political consciousness.
I group social dances that occurred between 1910-1945 into three chapters: early ragtime dances, Charleston styles, and swing dances. I examine the changes in the social dance in the move to the stage and analyze what gets lost (or gained) by the theatricalization. As all the social dances in this project are from the African American milieu, I keep the African American legacy of social dance and jazz music at the center of the conversation.
In chapter one, I investigate ragtime dances that provide the roots of influence for the social dances. I examine how the Slow Drag in The Color Purple characterizes how African Americans attempted to keep some physicality of their home and culture. I then problematize the intersection between the different worlds of race and ethnicities in Ragtime and trace how a rupture of the collective parts of the Cakewalk allows for a consideration of the social danceâs history. In Shuffle Along, Or The Making of the Musical Sensation of 1921 and All That Followed I analyze how the embodied nostalgia in the dance styles is used to stake a claim for continued diversity and representation in musical theatre. In chapter two, I explore the transition into the social dances of the 1920s and how the dramatic structure of the musical offers differing perspectives on the era. I trace how the choreography in Thoroughly Modern Millie embodies the new rhythms of the 1920s and then investigate how nostalgia for the indulgences of the 1920s in The Wild Party is dismantled and exposes, through movement and music, the cultural theft at work then and now. I turn to The Drowsy Chaperone to investigate the dramaturgical and choreographic strategies that use parody and a cultivation of nostalgia to trouble oneâs relationship to musical theatre. Finally, in chapter three, I trace how swing dances in Wonderful Town, Steel Pier, and Allegiance are used to signal historical idioms, economic survival, cultural identity, and vitalize communities that had been suppressed, deprived, or constricted.
I recover, interpret, and champion the study of dancing bodies and social dance choreography in musical theatre as a way to comprehend the essential impact the body has on nostalgic thinking and what that recognition means in the grand scheme of understanding popular performance as a gauge of cultural and social politics. By approaching musical theatre through this lens of social dance and its embodied nostalgia I develop a method to describing, discussing, and critically evaluating dance in musicals
Transmission belts: on how young adults in Germany and Italy make meaning of mobility in transitions to work and adulthood
In this article, four biographical narratives of young adults are explored concerning experiences of mobility in non-linear transitions to work. While the experiences of mobility unfold in different individual trajectories and contexts, the focus lies on the ways in which they are constructed and represented (both in the private and public realm) by narrations. Drawing on the accounts of young adults on their experiences of mobility in narrative interviews and personal blogs in four different studies in Italy and Germany, the article analyses how individuals reconstruct different representations of mobility in diverse socio-economic contexts and how narratives of mobility contribute to produce meaning as well as legitimation in the context of life course transitions. In this sense, narratives are understood as a âtransmission beltâ synchronising mobility, transitions and social change.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
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