339,919 research outputs found
NiftyNet: a deep-learning platform for medical imaging
Medical image analysis and computer-assisted intervention problems are
increasingly being addressed with deep-learning-based solutions. Established
deep-learning platforms are flexible but do not provide specific functionality
for medical image analysis and adapting them for this application requires
substantial implementation effort. Thus, there has been substantial duplication
of effort and incompatible infrastructure developed across many research
groups. This work presents the open-source NiftyNet platform for deep learning
in medical imaging. The ambition of NiftyNet is to accelerate and simplify the
development of these solutions, and to provide a common mechanism for
disseminating research outputs for the community to use, adapt and build upon.
NiftyNet provides a modular deep-learning pipeline for a range of medical
imaging applications including segmentation, regression, image generation and
representation learning applications. Components of the NiftyNet pipeline
including data loading, data augmentation, network architectures, loss
functions and evaluation metrics are tailored to, and take advantage of, the
idiosyncracies of medical image analysis and computer-assisted intervention.
NiftyNet is built on TensorFlow and supports TensorBoard visualization of 2D
and 3D images and computational graphs by default.
We present 3 illustrative medical image analysis applications built using
NiftyNet: (1) segmentation of multiple abdominal organs from computed
tomography; (2) image regression to predict computed tomography attenuation
maps from brain magnetic resonance images; and (3) generation of simulated
ultrasound images for specified anatomical poses.
NiftyNet enables researchers to rapidly develop and distribute deep learning
solutions for segmentation, regression, image generation and representation
learning applications, or extend the platform to new applications.Comment: Wenqi Li and Eli Gibson contributed equally to this work. M. Jorge
Cardoso and Tom Vercauteren contributed equally to this work. 26 pages, 6
figures; Update includes additional applications, updated author list and
formatting for journal submissio
Self-paced Convolutional Neural Network for Computer Aided Detection in Medical Imaging Analysis
Tissue characterization has long been an important component of Computer
Aided Diagnosis (CAD) systems for automatic lesion detection and further
clinical planning. Motivated by the superior performance of deep learning
methods on various computer vision problems, there has been increasing work
applying deep learning to medical image analysis. However, the development of a
robust and reliable deep learning model for computer-aided diagnosis is still
highly challenging due to the combination of the high heterogeneity in the
medical images and the relative lack of training samples. Specifically,
annotation and labeling of the medical images is much more expensive and
time-consuming than other applications and often involves manual labor from
multiple domain experts. In this work, we propose a multi-stage, self-paced
learning framework utilizing a convolutional neural network (CNN) to classify
Computed Tomography (CT) image patches. The key contribution of this approach
is that we augment the size of training samples by refining the unlabeled
instances with a self-paced learning CNN. By implementing the framework on high
performance computing servers including the NVIDIA DGX1 machine, we obtained
the experimental result, showing that the self-pace boosted network
consistently outperformed the original network even with very scarce manual
labels. The performance gain indicates that applications with limited training
samples such as medical image analysis can benefit from using the proposed
framework.Comment: accepted by 8th International Workshop on Machine Learning in Medical
Imaging (MLMI 2017
Deep Learning in Medical Image Analysis
The accelerating power of deep learning in diagnosing diseases will empower physicians and speed up decision making in clinical environments. Applications of modern medical instruments and digitalization of medical care have generated enormous amounts of medical images in recent years. In this big data arena, new deep learning methods and computational models for efficient data processing, analysis, and modeling of the generated data are crucially important for clinical applications and understanding the underlying biological process. This book presents and highlights novel algorithms, architectures, techniques, and applications of deep learning for medical image analysis
Recent Applications of Deep Learning Algorithms in Medical Image Analysis
Advances in deep learning have enabled researchers in the field of medical imaging to employ such techniques for various applications, including early diagnosis of different diseases. Deep learning techniques such as convolutional neural networks offer the capability of extracting invariant features from images that can improve the performance of most predictive models in medical and diagnostic imaging. This work concentrates on reviewing deep learning architectures along with medical imaging modalities where the crucial applications of such algorithms, including image classification and segmentation, are discussed. Also, brain imaging as a branch of medical imaging which allows scientists to explore the structure and function of the brain is explored, and the applications of deep learning to early diagnose Alzheimer’s Disease, and Autism as the most critical brain disorders are studied. Moreover, the recent research findings revealed that employing deep learning-based semantic segmentation techniques could significantly improve the accuracy of models developed for brain tumor detection. Such advances in early diagnosis of disorders and tumors encourage medical imaging practitioners to implement software applications assisting them to improve their decision-making process
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