101 research outputs found

    Global and International Logistics

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    This book contains 10 reviewed papers published as a Special Issue “Global and International Logistics” in the journal Sustainability, edited by Prof. Dr. Ryuichi Shibasaki, Prof. Dr. Daisuke Watanabe, and Dr. Tomoya Kawasaki. The topics of the papers contain the impact of logistics development under the China’s Belt and Road initiative (BRI) by using the improved gravity model, strategies against barriers to the BRI from a logistics and supply chain management perspective, the dynamic interaction between international logistics, and cross-border e-commerce trade, the effect of China’s restrictive programs on the international trade of waste products, the empty container repositioning problem of shipping companies with foldable containers, port capacity and connectivity improvement in the hub and feeder network in Indonesia, GHG emission scenarios for the maritime shipping sector using system dynamics, incorporating a shipping and shipbuilding market model, the emission inventory and bunker consumption from a LNG fleet from an automatic identification system database, the factors that can help select between land transport and maritime shipping in long-distance inter-regional cross-border transport, and container transport simulations in Myanmar with the global logistics intermodal network assignment model including both maritime shipping and land transport in the land-based Southeast Asia region. Some papers are related to the 8th International Conference on Transportation and Logistics (T-LOG 2020) which was held online on 6–7 September 2020 hosted by Universitas Internasional Semen Indonesia

    New challenges in fleet deployment considering EU oil sanctions

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    Due to European Union (EU) oil sanctions, tanker shipping companies need to redeploy their tankers by moving tankers between ship routes with the consideration of flag states of tankers, but the literature lacks quantitative methods for this problem. To fill this research gap, this paper studies an integrated problem of fleet deployment, fleet repositioning, round trip completion, and speed optimization with the consideration of flag states of tankers. The problem is formulated as a nonlinear integer programming model to minimize the total cost, including the fleet repositioning cost, the mismatch cost, and the fuel cost, during the planning period while satisfying the total crude oil transportation demand of each voyage and the minimum shipping frequency. Some linearization methods are used to transform the nonlinear model to a linear one which can be directly solved by Gurobi. The average solving time required for 17 computational instances is 4.5 minutes, which validates the effectiveness of the proposed model. Sensitivity analyses, including the influences of the unit fuel price, the total crude oil transportation demand, the mismatch cost of completing a round trip by a deployed tanker, and the repositioning cost for each deployed tanker, on operations decisions, are conducted to obtain managerial insights

    Container Inventory Management: Factors influencing Container Interchange

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    ABSTRACTEfficient and effective management of empty containers and empty container repositioning is an important issue in the liner shipping industry. Many alliance agreements of carriers have provisions to interchange containers but not practiced in real life scenario. It is hard to find any previous literature on container exchange except the technical details of alliance agreements. The researchers reiterate the conditions provided in carriers’ alliance agreements to interchange containers and in principle recommend container interchange as an efficient and effective container inventory management mechanism. Accordingly, the research attempts to find the factors that influence container interchange between carriers. The research was conducted in Sri Lanka. Researchers believe that the sample is adequate because 16 container carriers in the world top 20 list presently call port of Colombo in Sri Lanka. A series of interviews followed by a questionnaire survey have been carried out and data were analysed mainly using Chi-Square Tests. This would lead to understand the critical factors that influence container exchange and thereby develop efficient, sustainable and effective mechanism for container inventory management through container interchange. The study concluded that five factors namely, operational, legal, branding, benefits, and feasibility may influence the container interchange by carriers. There were two limitations noted in the research; the reluctance to provide information pertaining to container inventory by carriers; and the common dislike of carriers to participate in surveys due to their busy work schedules. These findings would help practitioners to expedite the process of developing a user-friendly container interchange system. In addition, this research will fill the serious gap in the present literature on container exchange and provide an incentive to further research on this topic. The container imbalance is a global issue and finding an efficient and effective solution is vital.Key words: container, inventory, management, shipping, maritime, exchang

    La nueva geografía económica del transporte marítimo : análisis del foreland mediante redes complejas

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    [Resumen] La tesis titulada “La nueva geografía económica del transporte marítimo: análisis del foreland mediante redes complejas” es una investigación sobre la geografía económica del transporte marítimo en la actualidad, que trata de cubrir los siguientes objetivos: 1. Mejorar la escasa metodología existente en la actualidad respecto a la medición de las zonas de influencia portuaria 2. Aportar nuevas evidencias de la relación entre transporte marítimo y crecimiento económico 3. Aplicar un análisis de redes complejas al problema de la economía del transporte marítimo 4. Realizar una contribución original al problema de la definición y medición cuantitativa del foreland portuario, planteando el cálculo de la estructura “foreland de proximidad” La investigación se llevó a cabo usando las posiciones Automatic Identification System (AIS) de una muestra de buques de mercancía general y buques portacontenedores procedente del Lloyd’s Shipping Register. Esta nueva tecnología de trazabilidad especifica los atraques, las salidas y los datos de titularidad jurídica del buque a las autoridades portuarias. Una vez obtenida y depurada la base de datos de las posiciones AIS (nodos) para cada clase de buque, se construye la estructura de la red utilizando un servidor postgresql. Esta plataforma incluye un lenguaje de programación sobre bases de datos que posibilita realizar los procedimientos necesarios para definir la matriz de adyacencia, que contiene la información de los nodos conectados y el peso de sus vínculos. Las conclusiones más relevantes obtenidas hacen referencia a la evolución del tráfico marítimo de carga general en las modalidades contenerizadas y no contenerizadas teniendo en cuenta los años de crisis (2007-2011). Se constata, de este modo, el descenso en la demanda de los principales hubs del Norte de Europa, así como la emergencia de nuevas rutas comerciales dirigidas hacia las economías emergentes del Hemisferio Sur.[Resumo] A tese titulada “A nova xeografía económica do transporte marítimo: análise do foreland mediante redes complexas” é unha investigación sobre a xeografía económica do transporte marítimo na actualidade, que trata de cubrir os seguintes obxectivos: 1. Mellorar a escasa metodoloxía existente na actualidade respecto á medición das zonas de influencia portuaria 2. Aportar novas evidencias da relación entre transporte marítimo e crecemento económico 3. Aplicar un análise de redes complexas ó problema da economía do transporte marítimo 4. Realizar unha contribución orixinal ó problema da definición e medición cuantitativa do foreland portuario, plantexando o cálculo da estrutura “foreland de proximidade” A investigación levouse a cabo usando as posicións Automatic Identification System (AIS) dunha mostra de buques de mercancía xeral e buques portacontenedores procedente do Lloyd’s Shipping Register. Esta nova tecnoloxía de trazabilidade especifica os atraques, as saídas e os datos de titularidade xurídica do buque ás autoridades portuarias. Unha vez obtida e depurada a base de datos das posicións AIS (nodos) para cada clase de buque, constrúese a estrutura da rede utilizando un servidor postgresql. Esta plataforma inclúe unha linguaxe de programación sobre bases de datos que posibilita realizar os procedementos necesarios para definir a matriz de adxacencia, que contén a información dos nodos conectados e o peso dos vínculos. As conclusións máis relevantes obtidas fan referencia á evolución do tráfico marítimo de carga xeral nas modalidades contenerizada e non contenerizada tendo en conta os anos da crise (2007-2011). Constátase, de este xeito, o descenso na demanda dos principais hubs do Norte de Europa, así como a emerxencia de novas rutas comerciais dirixidas cara as economías emerxentes do Hemisferio Sur.[Abstract] The thesis entitled “The new economic geography of maritime transport: foreland analysis using complex networks” is a research about current maritime transport economic geography that tries to accomplish the following goals: 1. To improve scarce methodology currently existing about the measuring of port influence areas 2. To show new evidences of the relation between maritime transport and economic growth 3. To apply new computational techniques (complex networks analysis) to the problem of maritime transport economy 4. To develop an original contribution to the problem of the definition and quantitative measuring of port foreland, by developing the calculus of “proximal foreland” structure The research was made using Automatic Identification System (AIS) positions of a general cargo and containerships sample coming from Lloyd’s Shipping Register. This new traceability technology specifies vessel calls, departures and juridical property to the port authorities. Once obtained and optimized the AIS database (nodes) for each vessel class, a network structure is built using a postgresql server. This platform includes a database programming language that allows performing required procedures in order to define adjacency matrix that contains the information about connected nodes and edges’ weight. Most relevant conclusions obtained explain the evolution of maritime general cargo traffic (in their containerized and non-containerized modes) taking into consideration the years of the crisis (2007-2011). It can be seen, this way, the decreasing in the demand of main Northern European hubs, as well as the emergency of new trade routes bound to South Hemisphere emergent economies

    Incorporation of AIS data-based machine learning into unsupervised route planning for maritime autonomous surface ships

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    Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) are deemed as the future of maritime transport. Although showing attractiveness in terms of the solutions to emerging challenges such as carbon emission and insufficient labor caused by black swan events such as COVID-19, the applications of MASS have revealed problems in practice, among which MASS navigation safety presents a prioritized concern. To ensure safety, rational route planning for MASS is evident as the most critical step to avoiding any relevant collision accidents. This paper aims to develop a holistic framework for the unsupervised route planning of MASS using machine learning methods based on Automatic Identification System (AIS) data, including the coherent steps of new feature measurement, pattern extraction, and route planning algorithms. Historical AIS data from manned ships are trained to extract and generate movement patterns. The route planning for MASS is derived from the movement patterns according to a dynamic optimization method and a feature extraction algorithm. Numerical experiments are constructed on real AIS data to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in solving the route planning for different types of MASS

    Tackling the X-ray cargo inspection challenge using machine learning

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    The current infrastructure for non-intrusive inspection of cargo containers cannot accommodate exploding com-merce volumes and increasingly stringent regulations. There is a pressing need to develop methods to automate parts of the inspection workflow, enabling expert operators to focus on a manageable number of high-risk images. To tackle this challenge, we developed a modular framework for automated X-ray cargo image inspection. Employing state-of-the-art machine learning approaches, including deep learning, we demonstrate high performance for empty container verification and specific threat detection. This work constitutes a significant step towards the partial automation of X-ray cargo image inspection

    Shore-based Voyage Planning

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    The objective of the thesis was to describe the voyage planning process and factors that influence it to see how the process could be adapted for being performed shoreside. The thesis is a qualitative study written from the voyage planning officer’s point of view concentrating on the appraisal and planning stages. Regulatory framework was defined using IMO and British Admiralty publications. Carnival Corporation’s SMS policies and Holland America Line’s voyage planning routines were used as examples of the process. As there is not much research available on voyage planning and new developing technologies, interviews and internet sources were used. The amount of work put into a voyage plan varies greatly depending on a ship type and trade area, but generally it is a time-consuming process, partly because the information needs to be gathered from multiple sources and is not always easily available. The concept of e-navigation is aimed to improve connectivity between different systems and stakeholders allowing new types of services and information dissemination across the industry enabling the navigators to receive relevant information in time and often automatically with no need to request the information separately. Also automated ship-to-ship information exchange will become possible. AI-aided planning software and government provided passage plans can be of assistance in the voyage planning officer’s work, but their scope is still quite limited. In the future when the technology develops, and especially if all information can be accessed from a single window, time spent on appraisal and planning stages will decrease considerably and most of the process could be done shoreside leaving the officers on board more time for other tasks. Autonomous vessels and augmented reality are the future, and as the technology develops shore-based voyage planning will become more common
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