383,216 research outputs found

    Japanese approaches to multi-script database provision

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    This paper is based on research carried out in Japan during 1996 with the support of a Travelling Scholarship from the Victorian Association for Library Automation. I was able to visit approximately thirty libraries and information services and to conduct detailed interviews with staff in about half of these. I chose institutions known to have large multi-lingual collections in various parts of Japan. These are drawn mostly from the university and public library sector, though they also include special libraries and centralised information agencies. The purpose of my research was to investigate the provision in Japan of multi-language and multi-script bibliographic databases, that is systems which combine records in different languages and scripts within the same database. This paper discusses practical and theoretical issues in multi-script database creation, describes sample implementations and examines prospects for future development

    NIASGBdb: NIAS Genebank databases for genetic resources and plant disease information

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    The National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS) is implementing the NIAS Genebank Project for conservation and promotion of agrobiological genetic resources to contribute to the development and utilization of agriculture and agricultural products. The project’s databases (NIASGBdb; http://www.gene.affrc.go.jp/databases_en.php) consist of a genetic resource database and a plant diseases database, linked by a web retrieval database. The genetic resources database has plant and microorganism search systems to provide information on research materials, including passport and evaluation data for genetic resources with the desired properties. To facilitate genetic diversity research, several NIAS Core Collections have been developed. The NIAS Rice (Oryza sativa) Core Collection of Japanese Landraces contains information on simple sequence repeat (SSR) polymorphisms. SSR marker information for azuki bean (Vigna angularis) and black gram (V. mungo) and DNA sequence data from some selected Japanese strains of the genus Fusarium are also available. A database of plant diseases in Japan has been developed based on the listing of common names of plant diseases compiled by the Phytopathological Society of Japan. Relevant plant and microorganism genetic resources are associated with the plant disease names by the web retrieval database and can be obtained from the NIAS Genebank for research or educational purposes

    Ecotourism Policy Research Trends in Indonesia, Japan, and Australia

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    Numerous definitions and concepts regarding ecotourism lead to different implementations in ecotourism policies and systems. Identifying trends between countries provide valuable information for the development of inadequate ecotourism sites. This study aimed to understand the trends in ecotourism policies in Japan, Indonesia, and Australia by examining the bibliographic records of existing ecotourism policy research. These records were retrieved from the Scopus database and processed by using the scientometrics analysis. The results show the significant research trends of ecotourism policy in each country based on the co-occurrence of keywords were "conservation" for Indonesia, "biodiversity" for Japan, and "management" for Australia. Whereas, based on the research field, it revealed a similar priority within ecotourism policy between Australia and Japan in Social Science, while Indonesia in Environmental Science. The pattern of the keyword network analysis results in an anomaly in Indonesia compared to Japan and Australia, which clarifies the overlapping problem in ecotourism policy in Indonesia. It also visualized the shifting trends of research in some timeline intervals and notifies their relation to the emerging of ecotourism policy. This research also included the usefulness of the research results for future study and the recommendation for the ecotourism policy, especially for Indonesia

    Aging Labor and Japanese Industry Performance: Lessons for Indonesia Policies

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    This study analyzes the labor input factor that determines and shapes output generation in Japan. It hypothesizes that labor input contributes to the development of output growth in Japanese industries. In addition to that, it is hypothesized that moderator variable which is represented by numbers of aging labor can either stimulate or weaken the output generation. Hypotheses are tested using the data obtained from the Research Institute of Economy, Trade, and Industry (RIETI) Japan Industrial Output (JIP) Database 2011 and Japan Statistics Official within period 1970 to 2008. A multiple regression analysis, a manova and a hierarchical multiple regression analysis are conducted. Similar to expectation, aging labor has a negative moderating effect on labor-intensive industry; meanwhile aging labor has a positive moderating effect on capital-intensive industry. Not only does this study provide thorough knowledge towards output generation in Japan, but it also provides substantial lessons for Indonesia, particularly to enhance the industrial policy regarding the aging labor

    Database for structural steel experiments under a distributed collaboration environment

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    Due to the high requirements of civil infrastructures against the earthquake in Japan, a great number of research organizations have been conducting the structural steel experiments, in particular the seismic tests such as the cyclic loading test and the pseudo-dynamic test, for many years to determine the seismic performances of steel structures. However, the original test data gained by most research organizations are not well stored in an appropriate manner for distribution and possible usage of others. Although a Numerical Database of Steel Structures (NDSS) was developed some years ago to preserve and share experimental data of the ultimate strength tests acquired at Nagoya University, it was not easy to access this database from other computer platform due to the lack of the support of proper communication media. With the rapid development of information networks and their browsers, structural engineers and researchers are able to exchange various types of test data through Internet. This paper presents the development of a distributed collaborative database system for structural steel experiments. The database is made available on the World-Wide Web, and the Java language enables the interactive retrieval efficiently. The applications of the developed database system for the retrieval of experimental data and seismic numerical analysis are validated in the form of examples.<br /

    German R&D-Intensive Industries: Value Added and Productivity Have Recovered Considerably after the Crisis

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    No large industrialized nation is as strongly specialized in the production of R&D-intensive goods as Germany. In the crisis year 2009 these export-oriented industries had to pass a crucial test. The slump in sales endangered both specialized jobs and the financing of high R&D expenditures, and thus the ability of these industries to compete technologically in the future. The Commission of Experts for Research and Innovation (Expertenkommission Forschung und Innovation - EFI), which regularly informs the German government about the status and prospects of Germany's technological performance, requires early indications about the development of R&D-intensive industries. Detailed comparative international data regarding industrial development, such as the EU KLEMS Datenbasis and the OECD STAN data, is only available with a lag of two to three years. This is why the DIW has estimated the value added and the volume of labour input for R&D-intensive industries in Germany, the US, Japan, France and the UK for the period from 2008 to 2010. This extended database is used to analyze the development of production and labour productivity up to the present.Industrial specialization, international trade, manufacturing. - industries

    China’s international education aid to Cambodia in the 2010’s: Situation analysis and trends

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    Since 2004, China has contributed an increasing amount of annual financial aid to Cambodia, especially from 2010 to 2012. Cambodia’s increasing budget shortages in education from 2014 to 2018 motivated its government to seek development aid from abroad. In the context of the ongoing rise in China's overall budget aid to Cambodia, this research studied the circumstances of this educational aid, discerning trends from 2010 to 2019, and evaluating China’s position. Data was gathered using descriptive mixed methods, with statistical data gathered from the Cambodia Official Development Assistance (ODA) Database as well as relevant documents.Results were that 1) China was among the five countries with the overall highest number of development assistance projects in Cambodia (others included Japan, South Korea, the US, and Canada). China was the largest financial contributor with the most concessional loans, with the likelihood of offering further grants by the late 2010s; 2) China provided little aid to education when compared to that provided for other sectors and compared to other aid providers. However, China did provide aid for education when combined with the facilities sectors they invested in.Notably, most Chinese educational aid programs were not recorded in the Cambodia ODA Database; though these amounts did not vary much from those of Japan and  South Korea

    Network Analysis of Economic Sectors: An Exploration of Structure using the HITS Algorithm.

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    This research aimed to investigate the structure of the national economic networks in Japan, Thailand, and Vietnam, at different stages of stock exchange development. Daily return data from the Refinitiv database were used, along with excess returns calculated by subtracting short-term government bond yields from index returns in each country. Key influencers and those heavily impacted by the economic system, were identified by applying Granger causality analysis and the HITS algorithm to nine industry indices. The results showed that the industrial sector (INDUS) significantly influenced other sectors in Japan and Thailand and that the economic sectors most affected by other industries varied by country. These findings have implications for policymakers seeking to manage and mitigate potential economic impacts from influential industrial sectors and identify the industry groups most susceptible to potential crises. This study contributes to the existing literature on the topic, enhancing understanding of economic networks, while further research is still needed in different countries and at various stages of economic development to fully comprehend the intricacies of economic networks

    Papillon Lexical Database Project: Monolingual Dictionaries and Interlingual Links

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    International audienceThis paper presents a new research and development project called Papillon. It started as a French- Japanese cooperation between laboratories GET A/CLIPS (Grenoble, France) and NII (Tokyo, Japan). Its goal is to build a multilingual lexical database and to extract from it digital bilingual dictionaries. The database is built with monolingual dictionaries, one for each language of the database, linked to an interlingual dictionary. The pivot architecture of the database is based on Gilles Sérasset' s Ph.D. thesis. The structure of the monolingual dictionaries is based on the lexical work done by Igor Mel'cuk and Alain Polguère. From the lexical database, it is planned to derive user customized bilingual dictionaries in multiple target formats. It will be possible to generate human usage dictionaries as well as specialized dictionaries for machine translation software. These dictionaries will be available under the terms of an open source license. This project, initiated by some computational linguists, aims at being useful and open to all those who are interested in Japanese and French. It is also opened to any other language. Moreover, the pivot architecture of the database will facilitate the addition of new languages and save translation efforts

    Papillon Lexical Database Project: Monolingual Dictionaries and Interlingual Links

    No full text
    International audienceThis paper presents a new research and development project called Papillon. It started as a French-Japanese cooperation between laboratories GETA/CLIPS (Grenoble, France) and NII (Tokyo, Japan). Its goal is to build a multilingual lexical database and to extract from it digital bilingual dictionaries. The database is built with monolingual dictionaries, one for each language of the database, linked to an interlingual dictionary. The pivot architecture of the database is based on Gilles Sérasset's Ph.D. thesis. The structure of the monolingual dictionaries is based on the lexical work done by Igor Melc'uk and Alain Polguère. From the lexical database, it is planned to derive user customized bilingual dictionaries in multiple target formats. It will be possible to generate human usage dictionaries as well as specialized dictionaries for machine translation software. These dictionaries will be available under the terms of an open source license. This project, initiated by some computational linguists, aims at being useful and open to all those who are interested in Japanese and French. It is also opened to any other language. Moreover, the pivot architecture of the database will facilitate the addition of new languages and save translation efforts
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