Adobe Acrobat image compression: An Investigation into the effects of compression in Acrobat 4.0 on image reproducibility for digital printing

The aim of this project is to investigate each [digitally printed file] compression setting in Acrobat 4.0 Distiller by using and comparing the effects of each on a digitally printed file. The goal is to define the visual results these compressions will yield according to the components of a given file

1994 Science Information Management and Data Compression Workshop

This document is the proceedings from the 'Science Information Management and Data Compression Workshop,' which was held on September 26-27, 1994, at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland. The Workshop explored promising computational approaches for handling the collection, ingestion, archival and retrieval of large quantities of data in future Earth and space science missions. It consisted of eleven presentations covering a range of information management and data compression approaches that are being or have been integrated into actual or prototypical Earth or space science data information systems, or that hold promise for such an application. The workshop was organized by James C. Tilton and Robert F. Cromp of the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

An Investigation of alternative communication methods to face to face interaction between design and client

As technology becomes increasingly more sophisticated, means and demand for digital communication are increasing. The geographical expansion of the business world has made communication alternatives critical to working together more effectively. Face to face meetings may not be possible or the most cost and time efficient approach. Also, there is a move towards working at home, telecommuting, by using electronic communication for interaction (Fitzgerald 1993). Thus, electronic correspondence is becoming essential and we are witnessing a move towards higher performance and potential for communication alternatives. Knowing the options and their appropriateness is a competitive advantage. In a information society dominated by computers and communications, value is increased by knowledge, as well as by the speed of movement of that knowledge. (Fitzgerald 1994). Graphic designers rely on strong communication with their clients. Clients\u27 needs must be expressed to the designer and designer\u27s solutions must be communicated for approval. This process is repeated at several stages: initial, revision, and final. Traditionally, when face to face meetings were not feasible, comprehensives were mailed to the client. With the current move towards electronic communication, mail manual transportation are slower and possibly more expensive than electronic correspondence. With technology today, electronic correspondence may also include interactivity, voice, and video. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate alternative methods to face to face interaction between designer and client throughout the design approval process. The goal being to determine the appropriateness of each transmission application for information interchange of different kind of images and at different stages of the approval process. Appropriateness was to be determined by equipment, economic and time factors, interoperability, security, and aesthetic and communication quality. Facsimile technology, Adobe Acrobat\u27s portable document formal files, the Internet, and videoconferencing were the vehicles analyzed as an electronic correspondence alternatives to face to face interaction. The vehicles were tested in two parts, through survey and actual transactions with graphic designers. Participants were provided questionnaires to evaluate and compare the visual and non visual aspects of each vehicle. This thesis did not test specific software or hardware, but rather the validity of the technique for interaction and transmission of data between designer and client throughout the design approval process. The test was in two parts. The first part was a survey sampling of 1 00 design sites, design firms and advertising agencies, to derive quantitative information on each transmission vehicle Based on the assessment of the appropriateness of each vehicle, determined by survey response in conjunction with background research, Facsimile technology, Adobe Acrobat, and videoconferencing were deemed appropriate for further testing. The Internet was deemed inappropriate. Three design sites were involved in comparing facsimile technology and PDF files to dye sublimation hardcopy prints. A video-conference was donated, conducted, and videotaped. Participants were asked to evaluate and compare visual and non-visual aspects of the transmitted comprehensives. The conclusion of this thesis project is that the technology is here to use for electronic alternatives to face to face interaction between clients. Some adjustments have to be made, though, before these technologies can be embraced completely. Electronic alternatives are not qualified for final approval because of lack of precision in color, lack of demonstrating production or finishing operations, and the quality of typography on monitors are extremely low causing the aesthetic quality to be extremely diminished. Second, the designers selected hardcopy as the best option for communicating the tested designs. This indicates the community is not ready to embrace electronic alternatives. This may be due to a lacking of advantage of the electronic option to deem them necessary and/or lack of comfortability with the electronic alternatives. Either reason, electronic alternatives to face to face interaction between client and designer is not, currenly, being fully accepted. As for the vehicles themselves, Adobe Acrobat was found to be a very appropriate product to use between designer and client to communicate design comprehensives for initial and revision stages. Facsimile transmissions are appropriate for initial comprehensives or for revisions of comprehensives already seen at higher quality by the client. The Internet is presently not appropriate for private one-to-one file transfer between client and designer. Its strengths do not outweigh its risks. Videoconferencing is electronic correspondence, not file transfer. It can be used in combination with mail carrier service and file transfer or alone. If the client has been sent appropriate final proofs and the conference is used for verbal and visual communication, it is appropriate for all stages. If the final proof has not been sent, it is very appropriate for initial and revision stages. In comparison to mail carriers, all electronic options transmission times were significantly faster. All transmissions were under a hour. Additionally, all alternatives except videoconferencing, were less expensive

Investigation into the use of the World Wide Web as an interface for distributing electronic documents to and from a remote digital color printing site

The World Wide Web and Internet are the most talked-about and fastest-growing mediums for information and electronic document distribution. Their growth has, and will continue to have, a great impact on all forms of media, due to their potential to reach millions of individuals. This project demonstrates the capabilities of the World Wide Web to perform, not only as a publishing vehicle, but as a means for communication and document distribution to a digital color printing facility. In order to show this, a Web site was built that incorporated the utilities needed for the successful exchange of data, such as links to additional software applications available on the Web, downloadable ICC Color Management profiles of the digital color press, a hypertext job estimate/information form, an uploadable FTP server, and directions on how to use the service and create the appropriate files. The result is a functional Web-based printing facility that eliminates the restrictions associated with geographical boundaries. The test to see if this site functioned properly was the successful implementation of the aforementioned applications and tools to create actual documents. Those documents, when put through the developed workflow, must exhibit the designers\u27 original intent when reproduced on a remote digital press and when compared to their originals reproduced on that same press. The written portion of this thesis documents the procedures and rationale behind the methodology used

A general model for print delivery of internet documents

With the explosion of the Internet there are abundant opportunities for budding authors (writers and designers). Their content can be eaily posted on the Web and accessed by a wide reader base through WWW. However, this on-demand and on-site publishing is limited to on-screen viewing and desktop printing. As more and more books and materials are accessed, there is growing need for on-demand printed copies. Ordering a printed copy is still a traditional business which limits amature authors and users from getting easy access to them. Some of the on-line bookstores provide only the purchase transactions through on-line, while the printing itself is done through traditional process. Some of the growing needs of on-demand printing include: getting a printed copy of a electronic Thesis material, printed copy of selective sections of a User Manual, revised pages of a Book. This thesis project involves a thorough study of a Model to facilitate on-demand print of documents available in Internet covering such issues like quality, speed, copyright, security, bandwidth, royalty and delivery. A working project will be developed, demonstrating the Model, using a Docutech Printer. The steps involved in setting up a work flow to facilitate on-demand printing of an Internet document using Interdoc/Docutech work flow will be documented. This work could be further extended to adopt to the evolving Collaborated Publishing concept widely being discussed for use in the Academic Society

A Comparison study of the implementation of digital camera’s RAW and JPEG and scanner’s TIFF file formats, and color management procedures for inkjet textile printing applications

The objective of this research was to evaluate the results and characteristics of utilizing different image file formats in inkjet textile printing. Two format files derived from digital camera (JPEG and RAW format files) and two TIFF format files derived from scanning the transparency films were sent through color management processes and adjustment procedures. These images files were then rendered on 100% cotton fabric using an inkjet textile printer. The evaluation and analysis of the image files and textile patterns were based on visual assessment and measured values. The end result of this experiment was mainly to evaluate the image resolution, color difference, density and texture reproduction; specifically, outlining the advantages and disadvantages between different file formats for digital textile printing application. The investigation indicated that the JPEG, RAW, and TIFF format files appeared to have discrepancy in the original image file, and also had difference in color accuracy when reproducing on cotton fabric, but showed similar results in printable density range, print contrast, and texture reproduction. Photographing in the RAW file format and then converting to the TIFF file format ensures the image of having robust editing capability and precise print result in color accuracy. If using JPEG file format, users must caution the posterization phenomenon and discontinuous tone problem. For transparency film, either scanning in original size and then applying interpolation twice from the original size or scanning directly in target size results in similar performance. However, to achieve color accuracy, users should consider utilizing digital camera and avoid using film in the workflow. The digital textile printing provides a new and easier approach and lowers the boundary for entering the textile printing industry. This technology makes the product customization and one-of-a-kind short run become possible. However, when entering this field, the new users certainly will encounter the problems immediately related to the different image file formats. This research offers a resolution to answer the question about different file formats

Review of steganalysis of digital images

Steganography is the science and art of embedding hidden messages into cover multimedia such as text, image, audio and video. Steganalysis is the counterpart of steganography, which wants to identify if there is data hidden inside a digital medium. In this study, some specific steganographic schemes such as HUGO and LSB are studied and the steganalytic schemes developed to steganalyze the hidden message are studied. Furthermore, some new approaches such as deep learning and game theory, which have seldom been utilized in steganalysis before, are studied. In the rest of thesis study some steganalytic schemes using textural features including the LDP and LTP have been implemented

Processing Pre-Existing Connect-The-Dots Puzzles For Educational Repurposing Applications

Connect-the-Dots puzzles are puzzles which contain labeled dots in a sequence. These puzzles are mostly designed as a way for children to hone in on their counting skills, while having fun. These same puzzles, which are available in abundance online and with modification, can be used to aid students in other areas of education such as spelling. Research shows that the addition of visual imagery provides a significant impact in spelling performance. The objective of this research is to develop an algorithm for processing Connect-the-Dots puzzles to assist in the replacement of the original numbers in the puzzle with characters that will help to facilitate an alternative educational purpose. In particular, the use of Optical Character Recognition (OCR) and image processing algorithms to process pre-existing Connect-the-Dots puzzles is explored. An algorithm was developed to locate and identify the numbers in the puzzles. The system is comprised of five components, namely, an Image Preprocessing component, a Dot Locator component, a Number Locator component, a Number Recognition component, and a Post-Processing component. To test the accuracy of the algorithm an experiment was conducted using 20 hand selected puzzles from an online source. The accuracy of the algorithm was evaluated, component by component, as well as overall, by visually capturing the make-up of the puzzles and comparing them to the results generated by the algorithm. Results show that the algorithm performed at an overall accuracy rate of 66%. However, the Dot Locator component performed at a rate of 100%, the Number Locator at a rate of 86%, and the Number Recognition at a rate of 76%. This research will aid in the development of an application that may provide educational benefits to children who are exposed to using technology for learning, at a young age

Processing Pre-Existing Connect-The-Dots Puzzles For Educational Repurposing Applications

Connect-the-Dots puzzles are puzzles which contain labeled dots in a sequence. These puzzles are mostly designed as a way for children to hone in on their counting skills, while having fun. These same puzzles, which are available in abundance online and with modification, can be used to aid students in other areas of education such as spelling. Research shows that the addition of visual imagery provides a significant impact in spelling performance. The objective of this research is to develop an algorithm for processing Connect-the-Dots puzzles to assist in the replacement of the original numbers in the puzzle with characters that will help to facilitate an alternative educational purpose. In particular, the use of Optical Character Recognition (OCR) and image processing algorithms to process pre-existing Connect-the-Dots puzzles is explored. An algorithm was developed to locate and identify the numbers in the puzzles. The system is comprised of five components, namely, an Image Preprocessing component, a Dot Locator component, a Number Locator component, a Number Recognition component, and a Post Processing component. To test the accuracy of the algorithm an experiment was conducted using 20 hand selected puzzles from an online source. The accuracy of the algorithm was evaluated, component by component, as well as overall, by visually capturing the make-up of the puzzles and comparing them to the results generated by the algorithm. Results show that the algorithm performed at an overall accuracy rate of 66%. However, the Dot Locator component performed at a rate of 100%, the Number Locator at a rate of 86%, and the Number Recognition at a rate of 76%. This research will aid in the development of an application that may provide educational benefits to children who are exposed to using technology for learning, at a young age