19 research outputs found
Low-power Wearable Healthcare Sensors
Advances in technology have produced a range of on-body sensors and smartwatches that can be used to monitor a wearerβs health with the objective to keep the user healthy. However, the real potential of such devices not only lies in monitoring but also in interactive communication with expert-system-based cloud services to offer personalized and real-time healthcare advice that will enable the user to manage their health and, over time, to reduce expensive hospital admissions. To meet this goal, the research challenges for the next generation of wearable healthcare devices include the need to offer a wide range of sensing, computing, communication, and humanβcomputer interaction methods, all within a tiny device with limited resources and electrical power. This Special Issue presents a collection of six papers on a wide range of research developments that highlight the specific challenges in creating the next generation of low-power wearable healthcare sensors
Sensor Signal and Information Processing II
In the current age of information explosion, newly invented technological sensors and software are now tightly integrated with our everyday lives. Many sensor processing algorithms have incorporated some forms of computational intelligence as part of their core framework in problem solving. These algorithms have the capacity to generalize and discover knowledge for themselves and learn new information whenever unseen data are captured. The primary aim of sensor processing is to develop techniques to interpret, understand, and act on information contained in the data. The interest of this book is in developing intelligent signal processing in order to pave the way for smart sensors. This involves mathematical advancement of nonlinear signal processing theory and its applications that extend far beyond traditional techniques. It bridges the boundary between theory and application, developing novel theoretically inspired methodologies targeting both longstanding and emergent signal processing applications. The topic ranges from phishing detection to integration of terrestrial laser scanning, and from fault diagnosis to bio-inspiring filtering. The book will appeal to established practitioners, along with researchers and students in the emerging field of smart sensors processing
Algorithms for Compression of Electrocardiogram Signals
The study is dedicated to modern methods and algorithms for compression of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. In its original part, two lossy compression algorithms based on a combination of linear transforms are proposed. These algorithms are with relatively low computational complexity, making them applicable for implementation in low power designs such as mobile devices or embedded systems. Since the algorithms do not provide perfect signal reconstruction, they would find application in ECG monitoring systems rather than those intended for precision medical diagnosis.
This monograph consists of abstract, preface, five chapters and conclusion. The chapters are as follows: Chapter 1 β Introduction to ECG; Chapter 2 β Overview of the existing methods and algorithms for ECG compression; Chapter 3 β ECG compression algorithm, based on a combination of linear transforms; Chapter 4 β Improvement of the developed algorithm for ECG compression; Chapter 5 β Experimental investigations.
Π’ΠΎΠ·ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΄ Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ ΠΈ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΈ (ΠΠΠ) ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΠΈ. Π ΠΎΡΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»Π½Π°ΡΠ° ΠΌΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π΄Π²Π° Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΌΠ° Π·Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΡ Π·Π°Π³ΡΠ±ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠΈΡΠΎ ΡΠ° Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π’Π΅Π·ΠΈ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ°Ρ ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ·ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π½Π° ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ΡΠΎ Π΄Π°Π²Π° Π²ΡΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ Π΄Π° Π±ΡΠ΄Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈ Π² ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° Ρ Π½ΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»Π½ΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²Π³ΡΠ°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ. Π’ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ·ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π΅ Π½Π° ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»Π°, ΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΡ
Π° Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ-ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ Π² ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ Π·Π° ΠΠΠ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³, ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ Π² ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠ° Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°.
ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠ° ΡΡΠ΄ΡΡΠΆΠ° ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠΌΠ΅, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ Π³Π»Π°Π²ΠΈ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ»Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π²Π°: ΠΠ»Π°Π²Π° 1 β ΠΡΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°; ΠΠ»Π°Π²Π° 2 β ΠΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ ΠΈ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΠΠ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΠΈ; ΠΠ»Π°Π²Π° 3 β ΠΠ»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΌ Π·Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΠΠ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΠΈ, Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡΠ°Π½ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ; ΠΠ»Π°Π²Π° 4 β Π£ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π΅ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΌ Π·Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΠΠ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΠΈ; ΠΠ»Π°Π²Π° 5 β ΠΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»Π½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
Secure steganography, compression and diagnoses of electrocardiograms in wireless body sensor networks
Submission of this completed form results in your thesis/project being lodged online at the RMIT Research Repository. Further information about the RMIT Research Repository is available at http://researchbank.rmit.edu.au Please complete abstract and keywords below for cataloguing and indexing your thesis/project. Abstract (Minimum 200 words, maximum 500 words) The usage of e-health applications is increasing in the modern era. Remote cardiac patients monitoring application is an important example of these e-health applications. Diagnosing cardiac disease in time is of crucial importance to save many patients lives. More than 3.5 million Australians suffer from long-term cardiac diseases. Therefore, in an ideal situation, a continuous cardiac monitoring system should be provided for this large number of patients. However, health-care providers lack the technology required to achieve this objective. Cloud services can be utilized to fill the technology gap for health-care providers. However, three main problems prevent health-care providers from using cloud services. Privacy, performance and accuracy of diagnoses. In this thesis we are addressing these three problems. To provide strong privacy protection services, two steganography techniques are proposed. Both techniques could achieve promising results in terms of security and distortion measurement. The differences between original and resultant watermarked ECG signals were less then 1%. Accordingly, the resultant ECG signal can be still used for diagnoses purposes, and only authorized persons who have the required security information, can extract the hidden secret data in the ECG signal. Consequently, to solve the performance problem of storing huge amount of data concerning ECG into the cloud, two types of compression techniques are introduced: Fractal based lossy compression technique and Gaussian based lossless compression technique. This thesis proves that, fractal models can be efficiently used in ECG lossy compression. Moreover, the proposed fractal technique is a multi-processing ready technique that is suitable to be implemented inside a cloud to make use of its multi processing capability. A high compression ratio could be achieved with low distortion effects. The Gaussian lossless compression technique is proposed to provide a high compression ratio. Moreover, because the compressed files are stored in the cloud, its services should be able to provide automatic diagnosis capability. Therefore, cloud services should be able to diagnose compressed ECG files without undergoing a decompression stage to reduce additional processing overhead. Accordingly, the proposed Gaussian compression provides the ability to diagnose the resultant compressed file. Subsequently, to make use of this homomorphic feature of the proposed Gaussian compression algorithm, in this thesis we have introduced a new diagnoses technique that can be used to detect life-threatening cardiac diseases such as Ventricular Tachycardia and Ventricular Fibrillation. The proposed technique is applied directly to the compressed ECG files without going through the decompression stage. The proposed technique could achieve high accuracy results near to 100% for detecting Ventricular Arrhythmia and 96% for detecting Left Bundle Branch Block. Finally, we believe that in this thesis, the first steps towards encouraging health-care providers to use cloud services have been taken. However, this journey is still long
Radio Communications
In the last decades the restless evolution of information and communication technologies (ICT) brought to a deep transformation of our habits. The growth of the Internet and the advances in hardware and software implementations modiο¬ed our way to communicate and to share information. In this book, an overview of the major issues faced today by researchers in the ο¬eld of radio communications is given through 35 high quality chapters written by specialists working in universities and research centers all over the world. Various aspects will be deeply discussed: channel modeling, beamforming, multiple antennas, cooperative networks, opportunistic scheduling, advanced admission control, handover management, systems performance assessment, routing issues in mobility conditions, localization, web security. Advanced techniques for the radio resource management will be discussed both in single and multiple radio technologies; either in infrastructure, mesh or ad hoc networks
Wireless Network Communications Overview for Space Mission Operations
The mission of the On-Board Wireless Working Group (WWG) is to serve as a general CCSDS focus group for intra-vehicle wireless technologies. The WWG investigates and makes recommendations pursuant to standardization of applicable wireless network protocols, ensuring the interoperability of independently developed wireless communication assets. This document presents technical background information concerning uses and applicability of wireless networking technologies for space missions. Agency-relevant driving scenarios, for which wireless network communications will provide a significant return-on-investment benefiting the participating international agencies, are used to focus the scope of the enclosed technical information
Body-centric wireless communications: wearable antennas, channel modelling, and near-field antenna measurements
This thesis provides novel contribution to the field of body-centric wireless communications (BCWC) with the development of a measurement methodology for wearable antenna characterisation on the human body, the implementation of fully-textile wearable antennas and the on-body channel modelling considering different antenna types and user's dynamic effects.
More specifically, a measurement methodology is developed for characterising wearable antennas on different locations of the human body. A cylindrical near-field (CNF) technique is employed, which facilitates wearable antenna measurements on a full-body solid anthropomorphic mannequin (SAM) phantom. This technique allows the fast extraction of the full spherical radiation pattern and the corresponding radiation efficiency, which is an important parameter for optimising wearable system design. It appears as a cost- effective and easy to implement solution that does not require expensive positioning systems to rotate the phantom, in contrast to conventional roll-over-azimuth far-field systems.
Furthermore, a flexible fully-textile wearable antenna is designed, fabricated and measured at 2.4 GHz that can be easily integrated in smart clothing. It supports surface wave propagation and exhibits an omni-directional radiation pattern that makes it suitable for on-body communications. It is based on a multilayer low-profile higher-mode patch antenna (HMMPA) design with embroidered shorting vias. Emphasis is given to the fabrication process of the textile vias with conductive sewing thread that play an important role in generating the optimal mode for on-body radiation. The radiation pattern shape of the proposed fully-textile antenna was found to be similar to a copper rigid antenna, exhibiting a high on-body radiation efficiency of 50 %. The potential of the embroidery technique for creating wearable antennas is also demonstrated with the fabrication of a circularly polarised spiral antenna that achieves a broadband performance from 0.9-3 GHz, which is suitable for off-body communications. By testing the textile spiral antenna on the SAM phantom, the antenna-body interaction is examined in a wide frequency range.
Finally, a statistical characterisation of on-body communication channels is undertaken both with EM simulations and channel measurements including user's dynamic movement (walking and running). By using antenna types of different polarisation, the on-body channels are examined for different propagation conditions. Four on-body channels are examined with the one part fixed on the waist of the human body while the other part located on the chest, back, wrist and foot. Channel path gain is derived, while large-scale and small-scale fading are modelled by best-fit statistical distributions
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