The arts of action

The theory and culture of the arts has largely focused on the arts of objects, and neglected the arts of action – the “process arts”. In the process arts, artists create artifacts to engender activity in their audience, for the sake of the audience’s aesthetic appreciation of their own activity. This includes appreciating their own deliberations, choices, reactions, and movements. The process arts include games, urban planning, improvised social dance, cooking, and social food rituals. In the traditional object arts, the central aesthetic properties occur in the artistic artifact itself. It is the painting that is beautiful; the novel that is dramatic. In the process arts, the aesthetic properties occur in the activity of the appreciator. It is the game player’s own decisions that are elegant, the rock climber’s own movement that is graceful, and the tango dancers’ rapport that is beautiful. The artifact’s role is to call forth and shape that activity, guiding it along aesthetic lines. I offer a theory of the process arts. Crucially, we must distinguish between the designed artifact and the prescribed focus of aesthetic appreciation. In the object arts, these are one and the same. The designed artifact is the painting, which is also the prescribed focus of appreciation. In the process arts, they are different. The designed artifact is the game, but the appreciator is prescribed to appreciate their own activity in playing the game. Next, I address the complex question of who the artist really is in a piece of process art — the designer or the active appreciator? Finally, I diagnose the lowly status of the process arts

Destination image in travel magazines: A textual and pictorial analysis of Hong Kong and Macau

Based on the analyses of texts and pictures in the top six outbound travel magazines in Mainland China, this article presents an evaluation of the destination images of Hong Kong and Macau as portrayed in 88 travel articles over a three-year period. The results showed that the projected destination images of Hong Kong and Macau were dominated by attributes related to culture, history, and art and leisure and recreation. Hong Kong was often described by image attributes such as places and attractions, shopping, cuisine and food, hotels, and the creative industries. For Macau, history and heritage, places and attractions, gambling, cuisine and food, and hotels were the most often reported. During the study period, Hong Kong and Macau witnessed several significant changes in the image attributes featured in both texts and pictures. These changes were partly influenced by news and events over the period. In this article, implications for destination marketing organizations and directions for future research were suggested

How the Lack of Copyright Protections for Fashion Designs Affects Innovation in the Fashion Industry

The fashion industry is a multibillion dollar industry that continues to grow. Currently, there is an ongoing debate on whether or not fashion designs should be able to receive copyright protections due to a phenomena called fast fashion. Fast fashion is when low end designers copy high end designs from both the spring and fall Fashion Weeks, produce the copied product quickly and sell before the high end good is released to stores. Copying in the fashion industry is possible because there are no copyright protections granted to fashion designs. With recent legislation introduced in the U.S. House of Representatives proposing copyright protection for high end designs, the low end designers of the industry are threatened. Many fast fashion retailers (Zara, H&M, Forever 21) would go out of business, which would destroy thousands of jobs and drastically reduce the number of options consumers have to shop at. This paper will examine if the presence of copyright laws in the fashion industry would help or hurt the consumer and the industry. The methods of research in this paper are a case study on the global fashion industry, a second case study on industries that have copyright protection and those that do not, and a duopoly model showing the fashion industry. My results conclude that numerically there is an optimum level to set copyright protections at, but that this is difficult to translate into words for legislation. Therefore, copyright laws are not recommended for the fashion industry

The Daily Texan

Texas Student Medi

Is Food a (cross-cultural/interpersonal) communication medium?

The central question of this Master thesis is whether food is a (cross-cultural or interpersonal) communication medium or not. And if it is, how does it work and how does it relate to visual communication? This question is looked at through a multidisciplinary theoretical lens and accompanied by case studies. The newly emerged discipline of food design is the correct field to carry out such research. But what is food design? Is it even a true design discipline? This thesis argues that food design is a design discipline, although its territory within design has not been clearly defined yet. This thesis is an attempt to decode food design. It is believed that food is a form of nonverbal communication, which is used in a very similar manner to a language. The literature review includes a comprehensive study of different communication models and theories and considers food’s communicational aspects from both macro and micro levels. Food is also very visual. Therefore, from a visual communication point of view, it deserves to be studied properly. However, food goes beyond just sight. It stimulates all the five senses. Reviewing the comprehensive research on the multi-sensory dimensions of food carried out by neuro-gastronomists, reveals more about the communicational potential of food. Food is, naturally, the territory of chefs. That is why another part of this thesis is dedicated to the developments of the world of gastronomy, in an attempt to find out important clues, which link gastronomy to design. In the recent decades the chefs, designers and communication scientists have met each other in order to elevate food to a totally new level. Through studying the elements of this paradigm shift this thesis is finalised with two case studies, which examine food as a communication medium in practice. Through this multidisciplinary theoretical study and the case studies this Master thesis provides a framework for food design as a discipline and shows that food is, indeed, a communication medium, which can connect people on a visceral level, beyond cultural and linguistic barriers

A Marketing Booklet for the Alana Hotel Surabaya: the Best Way to Emphasize the Uniqueness of Its Products in Promoting Itself to Institutions and Companies

The Alana is a four-star hotel located in the South of Surabaya. It was built in 2013, which means that it is still a new hotel. Since it is new, it lacks the necessary promotion tool to reach the institutions and companies. In fact, The Alana does not have the promotion tool which emphasizes its excellence and uniqueness of the products. To solve the problem, The Alana needs a marketing booklet, which can help them to show their strengths. This marketing booklet consists of table of contents, company overview (about The Alana), product descriptions (hotel rooms, room types, hotel facilities, and meeting rooms), and contact information (contact us). By having this information, a marketing booklet will become the best tool for The Alana to show the strengths of their products and help them to reach their target marke

Inside out: men on the Home Front

This paper examines the representation of men as domestic experts in British lifestyle television programmes. It considers contemporary representations of the home, locating these in relation to changes in British primetime programming where a movement towards hybrid TV forms appears to rearticulate the mission to ‘inform, educate and entertain’ and to transform private matters into public spectacle. The paper examines the ways in which contemporary representations of the male domestic expert struggle to negotiate perceived boundaries between the ‘inside’ of private space and the ‘outside’ of the public sphere and between the categories of femininity and masculinity. It argues that in the homes and gardens series, Home Front, the figure of the designer provides a significant contemporary rearticulation of the male dandy, and aestheticism and camp become key strategies for the redefinition of the home and of masculinity as matters of lifestyle.</p