Systematic review on which analytics and learning methodologies are applied in primary and secondary education in the learning of robotics sensors

Robotics technology has become increasingly common both for businesses and for private citizens. Primary and secondary schools, as a mirror of societal evolution, have increasingly integrated science, technology, engineering and math concepts into their curricula. Our research questions are: “In teaching robotics to primary and secondary school students, which pedagogical-methodological interventions result in better understanding and knowledge in the use of sensors in educational robotics?”, and “In teaching robotics to primary and secondary school students, which analytical methods related to Learning Analytics processes are proposed to analyze and reflect on students’ behavior in their learning of concepts and skills of sensors in educational robotics?”. To answer these questions, we have carried out a systematic review of the literature in the Web of Science and Scopus databases regarding robotics sensors in primary and secondary education, and Learning Analytics processes. We applied PRISMA methodology and reviewed a total of 24 articles. The results show a consensus about the use of the Learning by Doing and Project-Based Learning methodologies, including their different variations, as the most common methodology for achieving optimal engagement, motivation and performance in students’ learning. Finally, future lines of research are identified from this study.This research was co-funded by the support of the Secretaria d’Universitats i Recerca of the Department of Business and Knowledge of the Generalitat de Catalunya with the help of 2017 SGR 93

Strong AI to Super-intelligence: How is AI placed vis-à-vis Intellectual Property Rights

The paper analyses how Artificial Intelligence (AI) enabled systems can be brought into the Intellectual Property (IP) ecosystem. It dwells upon the question of AI- IP interface from three perspectives, viz., (a) AI as a technology to manage IPRs, (b) IP rights as an obstacle to the transparency of AI and, (c) patents as well as copyrights as legal systems that can foster AI. The three-step test for obtaining a patent- novelty, inventive step and utility - is looked at through the lens of AI technology. Issues such as patent evergreening, best vs worst embodiment and liability for illegal acts which cannot be traced to human actors are delved into. The article concludes with the need for a uniform treatment of the AI system across the board by bringing in an amendment to TRIPS and the necessity to usher in regulators for adjudication

Visions of Automation: A Comparative Discussion of Two Approaches

In recent years, fears of technological unemployment have (re-)emerged strongly in public discourse. In response, policymakers and researchers have tried to gain a more nuanced understanding of the future of work in an age of automation. In these debates, it has become common practice to signal expertise on automation by referencing a plethora of studies, rather than limiting oneself to the careful discussion of a small number of selected papers whose epistemic limitations one might actually be able to grasp comprehensively. This paper addresses this shortcoming. I will first give a very general introduction to the state of the art of research on potentials for automation, using the German case as an example. I will then provide an in-depth analysis of two studies of the field that exemplify two competing approaches to the question of automatability: studies that limit themselves to discussing technological potentials for automation on the one hand, and macroeconomic scenario methods that claim to provide more concrete assessments of the connection between job losses (or job creation) and technological innovation in the future on the other. Finally, I will provide insight into the epistemic limitations and the specific vices and virtues of these two approaches from the perspective of critical social theory, thereby contributing to a more enlightened and reflexive debate on the future of automation

The Pacifican January 29, 2015

https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/pacifican/1086/thumbnail.jp