4 research outputs found
SLA-aware operational efficiency in AI-enabled service chains: challenges ahead
Service providers compose services in service chains that require deep integra tion of core operational information systems across organizations.
Additionally, advanced analytics inform data-driven decision-making in
corresponding AI-ena-bled business processes in today’s complex
environments. However, individual partner engagements with service
consumers and providers often entail individu-ally negotiated, highly customized
Service Level Agreements (SLAs) comprising engagement-specific metrics that
semantically differ from general KPIs utilized on a broader operational (i.e.,
cross-client) level. Furthermore, the number of unique SLAs to be managed
increases with the size of such service chains. The resulting complexity pushes
large organizations to employ dedicated SLA management sys-tems, but such
‘siloed’ approaches make it difficult to leverage insights from SLA evaluations
and predictions for decision-making in core business processes, and vice versa.
Consequently, simultaneous optimization for both global operational process
efficiency and engagement-specific SLA compliance is hampered. To address
these shortcomings, we propose our vision of supplying online, AI-supported SLA
analyt-ics to data-driven, intelligent core workflows of the enterprise and discuss
current research challenges arising from this vision. Exemplified by two scenarios
derived from real use cases in industry and public administration, we demonstrate
the need for improved semantic alignment of heavily customized SLAs with
AI-enabled operational systems. Moreover, we discuss specific challenges of
prescriptive SLA analytics under multi-engagement SLA awareness and how the
dual role of AI in such scenarios demands bidirectional data exchange between
operational processes and SLA management. Finally, we discuss the implications
of federating AI-sup-ported SLA analytics across organizations
Service level agreement specification for IoT application workflow activity deployment, configuration and monitoring
PhD ThesisCurrently, we see the use of the Internet of Things (IoT) within various domains
such as healthcare, smart homes, smart cars, smart-x applications, and smart
cities. The number of applications based on IoT and cloud computing is projected
to increase rapidly over the next few years. IoT-based services must meet
the guaranteed levels of quality of service (QoS) to match users’ expectations.
Ensuring QoS through specifying the QoS constraints using service level agreements
(SLAs) is crucial. Also because of the potentially highly complex nature
of multi-layered IoT applications, lifecycle management (deployment, dynamic
reconfiguration, and monitoring) needs to be automated. To achieve this it is
essential to be able to specify SLAs in a machine-readable format.
currently available SLA specification languages are unable to accommodate
the unique characteristics (interdependency of its multi-layers) of the IoT domain.
Therefore, in this research, we propose a grammar for a syntactical structure
of an SLA specification for IoT. The grammar is based on a proposed conceptual
model that considers the main concepts that can be used to express the requirements
for most common hardware and software components of an IoT application
on an end-to-end basis. We follow the Goal Question Metric (GQM) approach to
evaluate the generality and expressiveness of the proposed grammar by reviewing
its concepts and their predefined lists of vocabularies against two use-cases
with a number of participants whose research interests are mainly related to IoT.
The results of the analysis show that the proposed grammar achieved 91.70% of
its generality goal and 93.43% of its expressiveness goal.
To enhance the process of specifying SLA terms, We then developed a toolkit
for creating SLA specifications for IoT applications. The toolkit is used to simplify
the process of capturing the requirements of IoT applications. We demonstrate
the effectiveness of the toolkit using a remote health monitoring service (RHMS)
use-case as well as applying a user experience measure to evaluate the tool by
applying a questionnaire-oriented approach. We discussed the applicability of our
tool by including it as a core component of two different applications: 1) a contextaware
recommender system for IoT configuration across layers; and 2) a tool for
automatically translating an SLA from JSON to a smart contract, deploying it
on different peer nodes that represent the contractual parties. The smart contract
is able to monitor the created SLA using Blockchain technology. These two
applications are utilized within our proposed SLA management framework for IoT.
Furthermore, we propose a greedy heuristic algorithm to decentralize workflow
activities of an IoT application across Edge and Cloud resources to enhance
response time, cost, energy consumption and network usage. We evaluated the
efficiency of our proposed approach using iFogSim simulator. The performance
analysis shows that the proposed algorithm minimized cost, execution time, networking,
and Cloud energy consumption compared to Cloud-only and edge-ward
placement approaches
Distensión y propaganda en la política exterior norteamericana (1962-1980)
Estudio analítico del sistema de propaganda institucional de los EE.UU. De mediados del s. XX, señalando la evolución de la retórica gubernamental desde los años de la distensión (1962) hasta el regreso a la Guerra Fría (1979), y recogiendo el desarrollo-adaptacion de las teorías y doctrinas anteriores a las nuevas circunstancias internacionales (coexistencia y policentrismo) con su reflejo en los medios de comunicación y en las relaciones con la URRS. Elaborado básicamente con fuentes documentales (presidential files y recopilaciones diversas), el trabajo esta estructurado en torno a tres supuestos, fases o episodios, coincidentes con: 1) la crisis de los misiles (confrontacion); 2) la guerra de Vietnam (conflicto regional), y 3) el salt II (desarme)