A Parsing Scheme for Finding the Design Pattern and Reducing the Development Cost of Reusable Object Oriented Software

Because of the importance of object oriented methodologies, the research in developing new measure for object oriented system development is getting increased focus. The most of the metrics need to find the interactions between the objects and modules for developing necessary metric and an influential software measure that is attracting the software developers, designers and researchers. In this paper a new interactions are defined for object oriented system. Using these interactions, a parser is developed to analyze the existing architecture of the software. Within the design model, it is necessary for design classes to collaborate with one another. However, collaboration should be kept to an acceptable minimum i.e. better designing practice will introduce low coupling. If a design model is highly coupled, the system is difficult to implement, to test and to maintain overtime. In case of enhancing software, we need to introduce or remove module and in that case coupling is the most important factor to be considered because unnecessary coupling may make the system unstable and may cause reduction in the system's performance. So coupling is thought to be a desirable goal in software construction, leading to better values for external software qualities such as maintainability, reusability and so on. To test this hypothesis, a good measure of class coupling is needed. In this paper, based on the developed tool called Design Analyzer we propose a methodology to reuse an existing system with the objective of enhancing an existing Object oriented system keeping the coupling as low as possible.Comment: 15 page

Restructuring Object -Oriented Designs Using a Metric-Driven Approach.

The benefits of object-oriented software are now widely recognized. However, methodologies that are used to develop object-oriented software are still in their infancy. There is a lack of methods to assess the quality of the various components that are derived during the development process. The design of a system is a crucial component derived during the system development process. Little attention has been given to assessing object-oriented designs to determine the goodness of the designs. There are metrics that can provide guidance for assessing the quality of the design. The objective of this research is to develop a system to evaluate object-oriented designs and to provide guidance for the restructuring of the design based on the results of the evaluation process. We identify a basic set of metrics that reflects the benefits of the object-oriented paradigm such as inheritance, encapsulation, and method interactions. Specifically, we include metrics that measure depth of inheritance, methods usage, cardinality of subclasses, coupling, class responses, and cohesion. We define techniques to evaluate the metric values on existing object-oriented designs. We then define techniques to utilize the metric values to help restructure designs so that they conform to predetermined design criteria. These methods and techniques are implemented as a part of a Design Evaluation Assistant that automates much of the evaluation and restructuring process

Perancangan dan Implementasi Program Pengukuran Kualitas Desain Perangkat Lunak pada Google Web Toolkit Menggunakan Object Oriented Metrics

ABSTRAKSI: Object Oriented Metrics merupakan pendekatan pengukuran fungsional dan analisis data pada desain object oriented yang menitikberatkan pada kombinasi fungsi dan data sebagai object yang terintegrasi. Metrik merupakan hasil numerisasi pada desain aplikasi yang menggunakan Object Oriented design pada proses pengembangannya. Hal-hal yang diperlukan dalam pengukuran metrik adalah jumlah inheritance pada sebuah kelas, coupling antar method pada satu kelas, coupling atribut antar object, jumlah method dalam suatu object. Belum adanya aplikasi pengukuran metrik yang tersedia untuk mengukur aplikasi yang dibangun menggunakan framework menjadi sebab program pengukuran metrik ini dibangun untuk mengukur nilai metrik pada sebuah aplikasi yang menggunakan suatu framework.Program pengukuran metrik dapat mengukur kualitas aplikasi ATM Simulation java Swing dan aplikasi Sales Processing System framework Google Web Toolkit. Metrik yang diukur terdiri dari CBO, NOC, DIT, WMC dan RFC. Keenam metrik tersebut termasuk dalam Chidamber dan Kemerer (CK) metrik.Dari hasil analisis program pengukuran metrik pada Sales Processing System memiliki reusability dan maintainability yang tinggi sedangkan aplikasi ATM Simulation memiliki usability, maintainability, testability yang tinggi.Kata Kunci : metrik, coupling, inheritance, frameworkABSTRACT: Object Oriented Metrics is a functional approach to measurement and analysis of data on object-oriented design that focuses on the combination of functions and data as an integrated object. Metric is the result numerisasi on the design of applications using Object Oriented design on its development process. Things that are needed in the measurement metric is the amount of inheritance in a class, the coupling between the method on a class, coupling between object attributes, the number of methods in an object. The absence of metric measurement applications are available for measuring application built using a framework for measurement metrics program is constructed to measure the value of metrics on an application that uses a framework.Metric measurement program can measure the quality of ATM Simulation java Swing applications and applications Sales Processing System framework Google Web Toolkit. Metrics that measure consists of CBO, NOC, DIT, WMC and RFC. The five metrics are included in the Chidamber and Kemerer (CK) metrics.Analysis of the measurement program metrics on Sales Processing System has high reusability and maintainability of the application while the ATM Simulation have usability, maintainability, testability is high.Keyword: metrics, coupling, inheritance, framewor

Measure extendibility/extensibility quality attribute using object oriented design metric

Software design is one of the very important phases of the software engineering. The costs of software can be minimized if improvements or corrections made during this stage. Several of the current computer aided software engineering (CASE) tools like enterprise architect (EA) v12 do not have the capability to improve the design. This work aims to develop an algorithm that helps the software engineers evaluating the design quality utilizing one of the object-oriented (OO) design models namely quality metrics for object-oriented design (QMOOD) which represents as hierarchical model that describes the relationship between quality attributes such as reusability, extendibility and properties of the design of OO design. This algorithm describesed how the assessment of the extendibility/ extensibility using the software metrics has been done and the impact of the involved metrics in the extendibility value. Results obtained demonstrate the effect of OO design metrics such as inheritance, polymorphism, abstraction and coupling in quality characteristics like extensibility. The results show that lower values of abstraction and coupling, obtain higher value of extendibility which means the class diagram is ready to accept additional improvements. The proposed algorithm has been tested on two different systems (test cases) that vary in their class diagrams, functionalities, and complexities

Analisis dan Implementasi Observer Pattern (Observer Pattern Analysis and Implementation)

ABSTRAKSI: Design pattern muncul akibat adanya permasalahan yang sama yang sering muncul pada desain pembuatan perangkat lunak. Pada perkembangannya sudah banyak design pattern yang sudah ditemukan oleh pala programmer. Saat ini, design pattern dikelompokkan ke dalam tiga tujuan berbeda, yaitu creational, structural, dan behavioral.Observer pattern merupakan salah satu design pattern yang tergolong ke dalam behavioral pattern. Observer pattern muncul akibat adanya kondisi di mana satu state akan dikirimkan ke beberapa objek, atau bahasa lainnya adalah broadcast communication. Pattern ini memungkinkan satu state dikirim ke berbagai objek yang terdependensi dengan coupling yang rendah antara objek satu dengan objek lainnya.Pada tugas akhir kali ini, dibuat sebuah perangkat lunak yang mengimplementasikan observer pattern untuk menyelesaikan sebuah kasus yang memerlukan broadcast communication. Untuk mengevaluasi observer pattern, dilakukan pengujian serta perhitungan terhadap object-oriented metrics. Sedangkan untuk mengetahui kelebihan dan kekurangan yang ada pada observer pattern, akan dibandingkan hasil perhitungan object-oriented metrics perangkat lunak yang menerapkan observer pattern dengan perangkat lunak yang tidak menerapkan observer pattern untuk sebuah kasus yang serupa.Kata Kunci : design pattern, observer pattern, dan object-oriented metrics.ABSTRACT: Design pattern was invented because there are similar problems that often appeared in the software engineering. There are a lot of design patterns was invented by programmers in its development. Today, design pattern is clustered by three different purposes, there are creational, structural, and behavioral.Observer pattern is one of behavioral pattern. Observer pattern was invented because there is many condition where one state need to be broadcasted to other objects, in simply term it’s called broadcast communicatin . This Pattern allows one object to send their state to another objects with low coupling.This final assignment will implement observer pattern to finish a case that need broadcast communication. For evaluate observer pattern, this final assignment will test and calculate object-oriented metrics from software of observer pattern. Whereas to know the strength and weaknesses of observer pattern, the result of object-oriented metrics observer pattern’s software will compare with non observer pattern’s software in same case study.Keyword: design pattern, observer pattern, and object-oriented metrics

Measuring and assessing maintainability at the end of high level design

Software architecture appears to be one of the main factors affecting software maintainability. Therefore, in order to be able to predict and assess maintainability early in the development process we need to be able to measure the high-level design characteristics that affect the change process. To this end, we propose a measurement approach, which is based on precise assumptions derived from the change process, which is based on Object-Oriented Design principles and is partially language independent. We define metrics for cohesion, coupling, and visibility in order to capture the difficulty of isolating, understanding, designing and validating changes

An Empirical Study of a Repeatable Method for Reengineering Procedural Software Systems to Object- Oriented Systems

This paper describes a repeatable method for reengineering a procedural system to an object-oriented system. The method uses coupling metrics to assist a domain expert in identifying candidate objects. An application of the method to a simple program is given, and the effectiveness of the various coupling metrics are discussed. We perform a detailed comparison of our repeatable method with an ad hoc, manual reengineering effort based on the same procedural program. The repeatable method was found to be effective for identifying objects. It produced code that was much smaller, more efficient, and passed more regression tests than the ad hoc method. Analysis of object-oriented metrics indicated both simpler code and less variability among classes for the repeatable method