120 research outputs found

    Exploring (anti-) counterfeiting management: Conceptual foundations and empirical examination

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    Die Forschungsfragen wurden in neun einzelnen Beiträgen untersucht. Der Forschungsfrage 1 („Marken- und Produktpiraterie“) wurde in zwei Beiträgen nachgegangen. Beitrag 1 stellt die relevanten Dimensionen der Betrachtung von Fälschungen dar. In Beitrag 2 erfolgt eine umfassende Auseinandersetzung mit den definitorischen Grundlagen, den Gründen für die Zunahme der Fälschungen sowie den daraus entstehenden Schäden zur Abgrenzung, Systematisierung und Bewertung der Thematik. Die Forschungsfragen 2 („Schutzmanagement“, ACM) und 3 („Fälschungsmanagement“, CM) werden sowohl mit konzeptionellen als auch qualitativ und quantitativ empirischen Beiträgen bearbeitet. Zur Beantwortung der Forschungsfrage 2 enthält die kumulative Dissertation vier Beiträge. In Beitrag 3 werden Grundlagen und Inhalte eines unternehmerischen Schutzsystems erarbeitet. Beitrag 4 komplettiert dieses Thema durch eine umfangreiche Analyse relevanter Schutzinstrumente. Die Erklärungsinhalte des ressourcen- bzw. kompetenzbasierten Ansatzes zur Ableitung einer prozessorientierten Sichtweise auf ACM beinhaltet Beitrag 5. Mittels einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse wird das Wissen aus Experteninterviews analysiert und ein Konstrukt zur Ableitung der unternehmerischen Schutzkompetenz vorgestellt. In Beitrag 6 erfolgen die Verfeinerung des Modells und die finale Untersuchung von ACM auf Basis eines konfigurationsorientierten Mixed-Methods Ansatzes zur inhalts- sowie cluster- und varianzanalytischen Bestimmung von Schützerklassen und -konfigurationen. Wichtige Elemente sind Kompetenzen, die verfolgten Strategien bzw. eingesetzten Instrumenten sowie die Evaluierung des Erfolgs auf Grundlage von Fragebogendaten. Zur Behandlung von Forschungsfrage 3 sind drei Beiträge er¬stellt worden. Beitrag 7 beschäftigt sich mit dem bisher stark vernachlässigten Bereich CM. In diesem wird zur Annäherung an die Thematik der aktuelle Stand der Forschung zu Fälschertypen, relevanten Strategien sowie taktischen Maßnahmen aufgearbeitet und mit Expertenwissen angereichert. In Beitrag 8 erfolgen eine managementorientierte Aufbereitung der Fälscherthematik und eine qualitative Inhaltsanalyse zur Identifikation von Strategien und Instrumenten. Darüber hinaus wird eine kompetenzbasierte Methodik zur Bewertung von Fälschern erarbeitet. Beitrag 9 schließt die Untersuchung der Fälscherseite analog zu Beitrag 6 ab

    ESSAYS ON DECEPTIVE COUNTERFEITS IN SUPPLY CHAINS: A BEHAVORIAL PERSPECTIVE

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    This dissertation is comprised of three essays intended to contribute to the operations management discipline, specifically within supply chain management. The first essay provides a research agenda for studying deceptive product counterfeits, which are products that have been manufactured and/or distributed and sold by an entity in violation of another’s intellectual property rights and intentionally misrepresented by the seller as the genuine article. The proliferation of counterfeits into legitimate supply chains presents quality, health and safety and cost concerns for nearly all industries. We identify antecedents of vulnerability to deceptive counterfeits for firms and their supply chain partners using Situational Crime Prevention Theory and Normal Accident Theory. Vulnerability to counterfeiting has negative performance impacts for the firm, its customers and society. We propose using the Six Ts of Supply Chain Quality Management (Roth, Tsay, Pullman and Gray, 2008) as an approach to select effective strategies to mitigate these impacts. Essay Two serves as an initial effort to understand how counterfeits can enter supply chains. In this essay, we test whether purchasing specialists can serve as effective guardians of the supply chain using a scenario based role playing experiment. We explore if buyers can detect signals of counterfeits in proposals and successfully avoid the counterfeit supplier in the decision process. We additionally examine whether time constraints and workload pressure detracts from the ability to successfully process signals and avoid the counterfeit. We find that the buyers can successfully detect counterfeit signals and avoid the counterfeit in the selection decision, but don’t find support for time constraints and workload pressure effects. The final contribution of this dissertation is a methodological essay that explores the effect of time pressure on decision making by using a combination of perceived time pressure and objective measures of time spent in the decision process to determine if time pressure affects the quality of the decision making in a supplier selection decision. We find that time constraints and perceived time pressure are related constructs that negatively affect decision quality in a supplier selection decision

    News – European Union

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    An Empirical Analysis to Control Product Counterfeiting in the Automotive Industry\u27s Supply Chains in Pakistan

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    The counterfeits pose significant health and safety threat to consumers. The quality image of firms is vulnerable to the damage caused by the expanding flow of counterfeit products in today’s global supply chains. The counterfeiting markets are swelling due to globalization and customers’ willingness to buy counterfeits, fueling illicit activities to explode further. Buyers look for the original parts are deceived by the false (deceptive) signals’ communication. The counterfeiting market has become a multi-billion industry but lacks detailed insights into the supply side of counterfeiting (deceptive side). The study aims to investigate and assess the relationship between the anti-counterfeiting strategies and improvement in the firm’s supply performance within the internal and external supply chain quality management context in the auto-parts industry’s supply chains in Pakistan

    An Inquiry into the Antecedents of Consumer Purchase of Non-Deceptive Counterfeit Goods: Theory, Practice and Problems

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    With counterfeit good consumption growing at alarming rates each year, this topic is increasingly demanding attention of marketing academics. This dissertation examines two sets of factors that influence consumer attitude toward counterfeits: sociocultural influences and psychological influences. Based on a review of the literature, two constructs, namely information susceptibility and normative susceptibility are combined to form a group of sociocultural influences expected to influence consumer attitude toward counterfeits. In addition, five constructs are combined to represent psychological influences, namely value consciousness, self-identity, integrity, materialism and perceived risk. Data was collected through a web-based survey and features a cross-sectional design. Utilizing a sample of 228 respondents, confirmatory factor analysis coupled with structural equation modeling was employed to analyze hypothesized relationships. Results suggest the most significant influence on consumer attitude toward counterfeits is integrity the more integrity held by a consumer, the less favorable their attitude toward counterfeits. In addition, materialism and normative susceptibility were also found to be positively related to consumer attitude toward counterfeits. Consumer attitude toward counterfeits was also shown to have positive significance as a mediating variable between the antecedents and purchase intention. The results of this dissertation suggest that consumers, and their reference groups justify purchasing counterfeit items due to what they believe to be unfair business practices such as charging too much. This research will assist scholars, marketers, and government agencies to understand the implications of counterfeit good consumption and contribute to the development of effective strategies to counter the purchase of non-deceptive counterfeit good

    Strategic Blockchain Adoption in Supply Chain Operations

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    Supply chains have often benefited from breakthroughs in information technology. Most recently, blockchain is promising to revolutionize the way supply chains are designed and operated. In this thesis, we explore blockchain adoptions in three supply chain settings. First, we optimize blockchain deployment at the supply chain network design stage and propose a mixed-integer quadratic programming model for it. Based on a case study from the fresh flowers supply chain, we find that significant cost savings could be achieved from the strategic deployment of blockchain throughout the supply chain as opposed to full blockchain adoption, which translates to lower market prices to consumers, increased demand, better product quality products, and higher profits. In the second, we investigate the potential of blockchain adoption to deter counterfeiters. We present a game-theoretic model that uses blockchain technology to increase the capability of detecting deceptive counterfeits. We find that blockchain is not always financially viable for manufacturers to discourage counterfeiting and it becomes less attractive for premium and luxury products. Our framework also demonstrates that manufacturers can strategically balance product quality and blockchain investment to combat counterfeiting. Last, we explore the potential of blockchain to accurately track carbon emissions. We study a competitive supplier selection problem with one manufacturer and two suppliers and investigate the use of financial incentives to encourage suppliers to adopt greener technologies. The game-theoretic framework is modelled as a bi-level optimization problem. We find that financial incentives are effective in fostering greener components from the suppliers and that blockchain offers suppliers the flexibility to explore emission reductions either by better reporting or technological upgrades

    A critical analysis of the policing of counterfeit goods in South Africa

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    The researcher conducted a critical analysis of the policing of counterfeit crime in South Africa. A pure qualitative research design and approach was adopted. A literature review, interviews and observations were conducted to provide an overview of this problem nationally and internationally. Interview schedules were designed with pre-determined open-ended questions, which allowed participants to explain their perceptions, opinions and viewpoints on the policing of counterfeit in South Africa. Some of the designed questions were mailed to respondents. Questions were posed to members of the Specialised Commercial Crime Unit, members of the South African Police Service’s Crime Prevention Unit, members of the Department of Trade and Industry who deal with counterfeit, prosecutors who normally prosecute counterfeit cases, brand owners/holders/representatives, and attorneys who assist in the policing of counterfeit crime. The findings of this study informed the proposed recommendations for preventative and reactive response mechanisms. These proposed recommendations suggest ways of improving efficiency and effectiveness in policing counterfeit in South Africa.Criminology and Security SciencePh. D. (Criminal Justice

    AN ANALYSIS OF PHARMACEUTICAL COUNTERFEITING: ASSESSING SCREENING FACTORS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON COUNTERFEITING

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    The United States pharmaceutical supply chain is one of the safest and most secure systems in the world. However, in recent years, an increasing number of drug counterfeit products were detected in it. This increase in documented incidents greatly concerns the pharmaceutical industry, and state and federal regulatory bodies. The repercussions of a tainted drug supply chain are potentially economically devastating and detrimental to the health and well-being of the public. Decision makers face a challenge keeping the drug supply chain safe from these influences, specifically assessing the risk of drug counterfeiting. With the problems posed by counterfeit, the identification of the right counterfeit attributes and the development of models to help supply chain managers determine the probability of counterfeit drugs are vital. Known drug counterfeiting research and studies are limited in scope; and despite increasing trends in counterfeiting, empirical research in this area is scarce. This research undertakes an in-depth examination of literature to identify counterfeit attributes and factors as well as to develop a drug counterfeit model to assess the probability of the drug counterfeiting. The identification of drug counterfeiting attributes resulted from a comprehensive review of the literature and a survey of experts. Data were subsequently collected on the attributes identified through literature, case studies, and experts. The findings of this research led to these substantive outcomes: * The identification of 10 key counterfeit attributes: Average Price, Drug Class, Medication Class, Product Type, Volume, Product Complexity, Product Location, Region, Previous Product Counterfeiting, and Product Shortage. * Using exploratory factor analysis, a model emerged with three distinct factors: Market, Product History, and Supply Chain Characteristics. * A process and a model are developed to assess the probability of drug counterfeiting. This is the first known model developed to assess the probability of drug counterfeiting. Decision makers can assess products in an objective and robust way to determine which products are of greater risk of counterfeiting, and to develop policies and strategies to mitigate or minimize counterfeit drugs in the legitimate supply chai
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